Walker / Bruch / Orth The German Research Foundation 1920–1970

Funding Poised between Science and Politics
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-3-515-10416-6
Verlag: Franz Steiner
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Deutsch, Englisch, Band 6, 515 Seiten, E-Book-Text

Reihe: Beiträge zur Geschichte der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft

Similar to the German enterprise of science as a whole, the German Research Foundation (DFG) – originally conceived as an "Emergency Association for German Science" (Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen Wissenschaft) in 1920 – for decades considered itself as the politically authorized agency for the promotion of a patriotically accentuated science.

The authors delineate the course followed by this research foundation in the fields of science and technology, in the humanities and social sciences, medicine, and the biosciences. Initially this path was revisionistic, after 1933 racist and politically expansionistic, and finally, westernized and conservative. Additional surveys on the history of the foundation as an organization and interdisciplinary overviews by the editors raise the issues of the liberalization of German research and its extragovernmental funding during the 1960s.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Walker, Mark

Bruch, Rüdiger Vom

Orth, Karin

Herbert, Ulrich

Weitere Mitwirkende

Hentschel, Ann M.

Fachgebiete

• Sozialwissenschaften Politikwissenschaft Regierungspolitik Kultur-, Wissenschafts- & Technologiepolitik
• Interdisziplinäres Wissenschaften Wissenschaften: Allgemeines Wissenschaftspolitik, Wissenschaftsförderung
• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Geschichtliche Themen Wissenschafts- und Universitätsgeschichte

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;CONTENTS;6
2;HISTORY, ISSUES, AND STRUCTURE OF THE ENTIRE PROJECT;10
3;FOREWORD: THE GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION AND NATIONAL SOCIALISM;18
4;I. OUTLINING THE PROBLEM;22
4.1;“PRESERVE OF FULL PROFESSORS” –ON THE HISTORY OF THE GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION BETWEEN 1920 AND 1970;24
5;II. HISTORY OF THE INSTITUTION;40
5.1;FROM “EMERGENCY” TO “ALLIANCE” – RESEARCHING THE GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION AS AN INSTITUTION;42
5.2;“TOOL OF GERMAN WAR STRATEGY” – THE SCIENCE POLICY OF THE GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION AND THE REICH RESEARCH COUNCIL BETWEEN 1920 AND 1945;54
5.3;POISED BETWEEN SCIENCE ORGANIZATIONS – THE GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION, THE KAISER WILHELM SOCIETY, AND THE ACADEMIES OF SCIENCE 1920–1972;70
5.4;FROM EMERGENCY ASSOCIATION TO SERVICE ORGANIZATION – GUIDELINES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION 1949–1973;86
5.5;THE GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION AS A TOPIC IN THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE – A COMMENTARY;98
6;III. NATURAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES;104
6.1;THE SYNDROME OF FALLING BEHIND – RESOURCE CONSTELLATIONS AND EPISTEMIC ORIENTATIONS IN THE NATURAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES;106
6.2;ON THE PATH TO TECHNICAL DESIGN – DFG-FUNDED RESEARCH IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 1920–1970;120
6.3;COMPUTERS FOR SCIENCE – SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING AND COMPUTER SCIENCE IN THE GERMAN SCIENTIFIC SYSTEM 1870–1970;136
6.4;THRIFT MATERIALS, DOMESTIC MATERIALS, AND SUBSTITUTES – METALS RESEARCH IN GERMANY 1920–1970;152
6.5;THE “FOUR-YEAR PLAN FOR CHEMISTRY” AND “POLYMER SCIENCE” – THE GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION AND CHEMICAL RESEARCH FROM THE 1920s INTO THE 1960s;170
6.6;CIVILIAN MILITARY RESEARCH AND THE RESPONSIBILITY OF SCIENCE – A COMMENTARY;188
6.7;NATURAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES – A COMMENTARY;194
7;IV. HISTORY OF MEDICINE AND THE BIOSCIENCES;200
7.1;INSTRUMENTAL MODERNITY AND THE DICTATE OF POLITICS – SPONSORSHIP OF MEDICAL RESEARCH BY THE EMERGENCY ASSOCIATION/GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION 1920–1970;202
7.2;FASTER, HIGHER, MIGHTIER – PHYSIOLOGICAL RESEARCH SUPPORT BY THE GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION 1920–1970;222
7.3;THE PLANNABLE HUMAN –THE GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION AND THE SCIENCE OF HUMAN HEREDITY 1920–1970;242
7.4;FEVERISH RESEARCH? – GERMAN TROPICAL MEDICINE AS REFLECTED IN ITS FUNDING BY THE EMERGENCY ASSOCIATION/GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION 1920–1970;256
7.5;FRAGMENTATION, COOPERATION, INSTITUTIONALIZATION – GERMAN CANCER RESEARCH WITHIN THE FUNDING HORIZONS OF THE EMERGENCY ASSOCIATION/GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION 1920–1970;270
7.6;CLOSE TO THE STATE AND ORIENTED TOWARD THE FUNDAMENTALS – RESEARCH ON RADIATION AND RADIOACTIVITY IN THE BIOSCIENCES 1920–1970;284
7.7;ENZYMES, HORMONES, VITAMINS – BIOCATALYTIC RESEARCH FUNDED BY THE GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION 1920–1970;300
7.8;HISTORY OF MEDICINE AND THE BIOSCIENCES –A COMMENTARY;316
8;V. THE HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES;320
8.1;BORDER GUARD AND BORDER CROSSER OF SCIENCE – THE GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION AND THE HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 1920–1970;322
8.2;THE WILL FOR RELEVANCY – STATE-SUPPORTED RESEARCH ON LINGUISTICS 1920–1970;336
8.3;SURVEYING GERMAN VOLKSKULTUR – THE “ATLAS OF GERMAN FOLKLORE” AND THE GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION 1928–1980;348
8.4;A MIDWIFE FOR SCIENCE – THE GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION AND GERMAN ETHNOLOGY;362
8.5;TRANSMITTALS AND TRANSFORMATIONS – RESEARCH ON THE EUROPEAN EAST AND THE GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION 1945–1975;378
8.6;AGRARIAN SELF-SUFFICIENCY AND RURAL ORDER – GERMAN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH 1920–1960;396
9;VI. SCIENCE, SCIENCE POLICY, AND THE GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION;404
9.1;SPONSORSHIP OF SCIENCE UNDER NATIONAL SOCIALISM – AN ALMOST EVERYDAY STORY? A COMMENTARY ON THE RESEARCH PROGRAM “THE GERMAN RESEARCH FOUNDATION 1920–1970”;406
9.2;“MR. DFG” WALTHER GERLACH (1889–1979) – PHYSICIST, SCIENCE FUNCTIONARY, AND PUBLIC REPRESENTATIVE;414
9.3;THE RULES OF SCIENCE – SCIENCE UNDER NATIONAL SOCIALISM AND THE EMERGENCE OF THE SOCIOLOGY OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE;432
9.4;CONDITIONAL UPHEAVALS – THOUGHTS ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SCIENCE AND POLITICS IN THE WEST GERMAN POSTWAR PERIOD;440
9.5;THE GERMAN PROFESSOR IN THE THIRD REICH – FOUR BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES;450
10;INSTITUTIONAL ABBREVIATIONS;470
11;BIBLIOGRAPHY;472
12;LIST OF AUTHORS;514

Über Autor(innen)

Orth, Karin
Karin Orth ist Privatdozentin für Neuere und Neueste Geschichte; seit 1997 Akademische Mitarbeiterin der Universität Freiburg. Forschungsschwerpunkte: Wissenschaftsgeschichte, Nationalsozialismus und Gewaltgeschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts, Biografieforschung, Oral History, Sozialgeschichte des 19. Jahrhunderts.