Zhang / Hu / Li Gel Chemistry

Interactions, Structures and Properties
1. Auflage 2018
ISBN: 978-981-10-6881-2
Verlag: Springer Nature Singapore
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 96, 217 Seiten

Reihe: Lecture Notes in Chemistry

This book covers various molecular, metal-organic, dynamic covalent, polymer and other gels, focusing on their driving interactions, structures and properties. It consists of six chapters demonstrating interesting examples of these gels, classified by the type of driving interaction, and also discusses the effect of these interactions on the gels' structures and properties. The book offers an interesting and useful guide for a broad readership in various fields of chemical and materials science.

Jianyong Zhang received his PhD in Chemistry from the National University of Singapore in 2003 after obtaining a B.Sc. from Central South University of Technology, China in 1996 and an MSc from Nankai University, China in 1999. He was a post-doctoral research fellow at the Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse (CNRS), France from 2002 to 2003 and at Queen's University Belfast from 2003 to 2006. He joined Sun Yat-Sen University, China where he currently serves as a professor at the School of Materials Science and Engineering, in 2006. His research interests and activities are mainly in the interdisciplinary areas of supramolecular chemistry, materials chemistry, catalysis, and organometallic/coordination chemistry. His recent work primarily focuses on dynamic covalent gels, metal-organic gels and coordination-based supramolecular materials.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Zhang, Jianyong

Hu, Ya

Li, Yongguang

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Contents;6
2;1 Introduction;9
2.1;Abstract;9
2.2;1.1 Components of Gels;9
2.3;1.2 Driving Force;11
2.4;1.3 Characterization;12
2.5;References;14
3;2 Supramolecular Gels;16
3.1;Abstract;16
3.2;2.1 Heat/Temperature Responsive Gels;17
3.3;2.2 Light Responsive Gels;23
3.3.1;2.2.1 Conformational Changes;23
3.3.1.1;2.2.1.1 Azobenzenes;25
3.3.1.2;2.2.1.2 Stilbenes;27
3.3.2;2.2.2 Coupling Reactions;29
3.3.2.1;2.2.2.1 Diacetylenes;29
3.3.3;2.2.3 Electrocyclic Reactions;30
3.3.3.1;2.2.3.1 Spiropyrans and Spirooxazines;31
3.3.3.2;2.2.3.2 Dithienylethenes;32
3.4;2.3 Sonication and Mechanical Stress Responsive Gels;36
3.4.1;2.3.1 Ultrasound;37
3.4.2;2.3.2 Mechanical Stress;41
3.5;2.4 Chemical Responsive Gels;44
3.5.1;2.4.1 Acid and Base;44
3.5.2;2.4.2 Redox;47
3.5.3;2.4.3 Ion;49
3.5.4;2.4.4 Neutral Species;55
3.6;2.5 Conclusions;58
3.7;References;59
4;3 Metal–Organic Gels;67
4.1;Abstract;67
4.2;3.1 Discrete Gelators;68
4.2.1;3.1.1 Metal–Organic Gelators with Monodentate Ligands;68
4.2.2;3.1.2 Metal–Organic Gelators with Chelate Ligands;71
4.2.3;3.1.3 Organometallic Gelators;76
4.2.4;3.1.4 Metal–Organic Gelators Based on Tripyridine and Tridentate Ligands;78
4.2.5;3.1.5 Coordination Cages;82
4.3;3.2 Coordination Polymer Gelators;87
4.3.1;3.2.1 Metal-Carboxylate Gels;87
4.3.2;3.2.2 Metal-Heterocycle Polymer Gels;95
4.3.3;3.2.3 Coordination Polymer Gels with Hybrid Donors;101
4.4;3.3 Applications;107
4.4.1;3.3.1 Gels as Crystallization Media;107
4.4.2;3.3.2 Post-modification of Organogels by Metal Ions;109
4.4.3;3.3.3 Metal–Organic Gels for Sorption;111
4.4.4;3.3.4 Metal–Organic Gels as Template;112
4.4.5;3.3.5 Metal–Organic Gels as Catalyst;114
4.5;References;117
5;4 Dynamic Covalent Gels;125
5.1;Abstract;125
5.2;4.1 Discrete Gelators;127
5.2.1;4.1.1 Imine/Acylhydrazone Gels;127
5.2.2;4.1.2 Imine/Acylhydrazone Gels and Metal Ions;134
5.2.3;4.1.3 Borate Gels;141
5.2.4;4.1.4 Conversions Between Anthracene and Its Dimer;145
5.2.5;4.1.5 Dynamic Covalent Cycles and Cages;145
5.3;4.2 Dynamic Covalent Polymer Gelators;147
5.3.1;4.2.1 Imine Gels;149
5.3.2;4.2.2 Calix[4]Arene-Derived Acylhydrazone Gels;151
5.4;References;154
6;5 Polymer Gels;158
6.1;Abstract;158
6.2;5.1 Introduction to Polymer Gels;158
6.2.1;5.1.1 Cross-Linking of Polymer Chains;159
6.2.2;5.1.2 Traditional Polymer Gels;160
6.3;5.2 Fundamental Aspects;162
6.3.1;5.2.1 Concepts;162
6.3.2;5.2.2 Mechanical Properties;163
6.3.3;5.2.3 Swelling and Shrinking Properties;163
6.4;5.3 Nature of Cross-Linking Leading to the Formation of Polymer Gels;167
6.4.1;5.3.1 Hydrogen-Bonded Polymer Gels;167
6.4.2;5.3.2 Metal–Organic Coordination Polymer Gels;170
6.4.3;5.3.3 Polymer Gels Based on Dynamic Covalent Chemistry;176
6.4.4;5.3.4 Hybrid Polymer and Low Molecular Weight Gels;183
6.5;References;190
7;6 Inorganic Gels;195
7.1;Abstract;195
7.2;6.1 Sol–Gel Process for Gel Formation;196
7.3;6.2 Silica-Based Gels;198
7.4;6.3 Chalcogels;203
7.5;6.4 Other Inorganic Gels;208
7.6;References;210
8;Index;213