Wapenaar / Berkhout Elastic Wave Field Extrapolation

Redatuming of Single- and Multi-Component Seismic Data
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4832-9100-0
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band Volume 2, 485 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: Advances in Exploration Geophysics

Extrapolation of seismic waves from the earth's surface to any level in the subsurface plays an essential role in many advanced seismic processing schemes, such as migration, inverse scattering and redatuming. At present these schemes are based on the acoustic wave equation. This means not only that S-waves (shear waves) are ignored, but also that P-waves (compressional waves) are not handled correctly. In the seismic industry there is an important trend towards multi-component data acquisition. For processing of multi-component seismic data, ignoring S-waves can no longer be justified. Wave field extrapolation should therefore be based on the full elastic wave equation.In this book the authors review acoustic one-way extrapolation of P-waves and introduce elastic one-way extrapolation of P- and S-waves. They demonstrate that elastic extrapolation of multi-component data, decomposed into P- and S-waves, is essentially equivalent to acoustic extrapolation of P-waves. This has the important practical consequence that elastic processing of multi-component seismic data need not be significantly more complicated than acoustic processing of single-component seismic data. This is demonstrated in the final chapters, which deal with the application of wave field extrapolation in the redatuming process of single- and multi-component seismic data.Geophysicists, and anyone who is interested in a review of acoustic and elastic wave theory, will find this book useful. It is also a suitable textbook for graduate students and those following courses in elastic wave field extrapolation as each subject is introduced in a relatively simple manner using the scalar acoustic wave equation. In the chapters on elastic wave field extrapolation the formulation, whenever possible, is analogous to that used in the chapters on acoustic wave field extrapolation. The text is illustrated throughout and a bibliography and keyword index are provided.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Wapenaar, C. P. A.

Berkhout, A. J.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Elastic Wave Field Extrapolation: Redatuming of Single-and Multi-Component Seismic Data;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;10
5;Dedication;6
6;Preface;8
7;Introduction;18
8;CHAPTER I. ACOUSTIC WAVES;24
8.1;1. Introduction;24
8.2;2. Acoustic wave equation;24
8.3;3. Spherical wave solutions of the acoustic two-way wave equation;30
8.4;4. Plane wave solutions of the acoustic two-way wave equation;35
8.5;5. References;50
9;CHAPTER II. ELASTIC WAVES;52
9.1;1. Introduction;52
9.2;2. Elastic wave equation;52
9.3;3. Spherical wave solutions of the elastic two-way wave equation;66
9.4;4. Plane wave solutions of the elastic two-way wave equation;71
9.5;5. References;89
10;CHAPTER III. ACOUSTIC TWO-WAY AND ONE-WAY WAVE EQUATIONS;92
10.1;1. Introduction;92
10.2;2. Acoustic wave equations for horizontally layeredmedia;92
10.3;3. Acoustic wave equations for arbitrarily inhomogeneous media;115
10.4;4. References;130
11;CHAPTER IV. ELASTIC TWO-WAY AND ONE-WAY WAVE EQUATIONS;132
11.1;1. Introduction;132
11.2;2. Elastic wave equations for horizontally layered media;132
11.3;3. Elastic wave equations for arbitrarily inhomogeneous media;160
11.4;4. References;173
12;CHAPTER V. ACOUSTIC FORWARD WAVE FIELD EXTRAPOLATION;176
12.1;1. Introduction;176
12.2;2. Acoustic reciprocity theorems;176
12.3;3. Acoustic representation theorems;183
12.4;4. Acoustic two-way and one-way Rayleigh integrals;191
12.5;5. Acoustic forward wave field extrapolation operators;202
12.6;6. References;216
13;CHAPTER VI. ELASTIC FORWARD WAVE FIELD EXTRAPOLATION;218
13.1;1. Introduction;218
13.2;2. Elastic reciprocity theorems;218
13.3;3. Elastic representation theorems;223
13.4;4. Elastic two-way and one-way Rayleigh integrals;245
13.5;5. Elastic forward wave field extrapolation operators;253
13.6;6. References;272
14;CHAPTER VII. ACOUSTIC INVERSE WAVE FIELD EXTRAPOLATION IN LOW CONTRAST MEDIA;274
14.1;1. Introduction;274
14.2;2. Acoustic inverse wave field extrapolation in laterally invariant media;276
14.3;3. Acoustic inverse wave field extrapolation in arbitrarily inhomogeneous media;294
14.4;4. References;318
15;CHAPTER VIII. ELASTIC INVERSE WAVE FIELD EXTRAPOLATION IN LOW CONTRAST MEDIA;322
15.1;1. Introduction;322
15.2;2. Elastic inverse wave field extrapolation in homogeneous isotropic media;322
15.3;3. Elastic inverse wave field extrapolation in arbitrarily inhomogeneous anisotropic media;327
15.4;4. References;351
16;CHAPTER IX. ACOUSTIC INVERSE WAVE FIELD EXTRAPOLATION IN HIGH CONTRAST MEDIA;352
16.1;1. Introduction;352
16.2;2. Recursive acoustic inverse wave field extrapolation...;354
16.3;3. Iterative acoustic inverse wave field extrapolation;362
17;CHAPTER X. ELASTIC INVERSE WAVE FIELD EXTRAPOLATION IN HIGH CONTRAST MEDIA;374
17.1;1. Introduction;374
17.2;2. Recursive elastic inverse wave field extrapolation;375
17.3;3. Iterative elastic inverse wave field extrapolation;378
18;CHAPTER XI. ACOUSTIC REDATUMING OF SINGLE-COMPONENT SEISMIC DATA;384
18.1;1. Introduction;384
18.2;2. Forward model for single-component seismic data;385
18.3;3. Surface related acoustic pre-processing;397
18.4;4. Acoustic redatuming;404
18.5;5. References;415
19;CHAPTER XII. ELASTIC REDATUMING OF MULTI-COMPONENTSEISMIC DATA;416
19.1;1. Introduction;416
19.2;2. Forward model for multi-component seismic data;416
19.3;3. Surface related elastic pre-processing;425
19.4;4. Elastic redatuming;435
19.5;5. References;440
20;APPENDIX A: MATRIX NOTATION;442
20.1;1. Introduction;442
20.2;2. Matrix notation for wave fields;443
20.3;3. Matrix notation for operators;445
20.4;4. References;448
21;APPENDIX B: INTERACTIONS OF ONE-WAY ACOUSTIC WAVEFIELDS;450
21.1;1. Introduction;450
21.2;2. Analysis for forward propagation;451
21.3;3. Analysis for backward propgation;459
21.4;4. References;464
22;APPENDIX C: INTERACTIONS OF ONE-WAY ELASTIC WAVEFIELDS;466
22.1;1. Introduction;466
22.2;2. Analysis for forward propagation;468
22.3;3. Analysis for backward propagation;476
22.4;4. Reference;479
23;INDEX;480