Wagner / Bratteteig / Stuedahl Exploring Digital Design

Multi-Disciplinary Design Practices
2010
ISBN: 978-1-84996-223-0
Verlag: Springer
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 296 Seiten

Reihe: Computer Supported Cooperative Work

Exploring Digital Design takes a multi-disciplinary look at digital design research where digital design is embedded in a larger socio-cultural context. Working from socio-technical research areas such as Participatory Design (PD), Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) and Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), the book explores how humanities offer new insights into digital design, and discusses a variety of digital design research practices, methods, and theoretical approaches spanning established disciplinary borders. The aim of the book is to explore the diversity of contemporary digital design practices in which commonly shared aspects are interpreted and integrated into different disciplinary and interdisciplinary conversations. It is the conversations and explorations with humanities that further distinguish this book within digital design research. Illustrated with real examples from digital design research practices from a variety of research projects and from a broad range of contexts Exploring Digital Design offers a basis for understanding the disciplinary roots as well as the interdisciplinary dialogues in digital design research, providing theoretical, empirical, and methodological sources for understanding digital design research. The first half of the book Exploring Digital Design is authored as a multi-disciplinary approach to digital design research, and represents novel perspectives and analyses in this research. The contributors are Gunnar Liestøl, Andrew Morrison and Christina Mörtberg in addition to the editors. Although primarily written for researchers and graduate students, digital design practioners will also find the book useful. Overall, Exploring Digital Design provides an excellent introduction to, and resource for, research into digital design.

Tone Bratteteig, PhD, is associate professor at the Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, where she leads a research group on Design of Information Systems. She was one of the initiators and the coordinator of the multidisciplinary research initiative, Digital Design, at the University of Oslo. Bratteteig is educated as a computer scientist, but her research background and profile is multidisciplinary and she is involved in several multidisciplinary research projects. Bratteteig has been doing participatory design research from the early 1980s, in later years addressing more general questions concerning design and use of information systems. Her current research focuses on the relations between autonomy and automation when introducing digital technologies that distribute (work) tasks between people and technologies ('Automation and Autonomy', 2009-2013, funded by The Norwegian Research Council). Pirjo Elovaara, PhD, is senior lecturer in Technoscience Studies at the School of Planning and Mediedesign, Blekinge Institute of Technology, Sweden. Her research field is based on feminist technoscience and focuses on design and use of information and communication technology. She is especially interested in the concepts and practices of participation and agency. She has also been involved in a number of local and regional ICT development projects in the region of Blekinge, in the southeast of Sweden. Her latest research project, together with Christina Mörtberg, was about gender, skills, technology and e-government with the title 'From government to e-government: gender, skills, learning and technology' (2005-2007). Gunnar Liestøl, PhD, is professor at the Department of Media and Communication, University of Oslo. He has a magister artium degree in literature and a PhD in media studies on the thesis 'Essays in Rhetorics of Hypermedia Design' (1999). He has designed several hypermedia systems, among them the award-winning 'Kon-Tiki Interactive' (1995). He is the author of numerous articles and books, both national and international, including Digital Media Revisited, (2003, MIT Press, with A. Morrison and T. Rasmussen). Liestøl is currently head of the project: 'INVENTIO - Theory and Practice on Designing Digital Genres for Learning and Leisure' (2006-2010), funded by the Norwegian Research Council, exploring the convergence of mobility and localization in digital media textuality. Andrew Morrison, PhD, is an associate professor at InterMedia, an interdisciplinary research centre at the University of Oslo and Professor of Interdisciplinary Design at the Institute of Design, Oslo School of Architecture and Design (AHO). His current research is into mixed reality arts, mediatized persuasion in branding and advertising, the collaborative design of a mobile GPS narrative and design and research into digital research rhetoric online. He publishes research and supervises graduate students in these areas at AHO. Andrew co-edited Digital Media Revisited (2003, The MIT Press, with G. Liestøl and T. Rasmussen); he has recently edited and co-authored Inside Multimodal Composition (2009, Hampton Press), a collection of multidisciplinary design and practice-based research pieces with Communication Design at its core. Morrison heads the Communication Design Research Group at InterMedia and is Leader of Design Research at the Institute of Design (AHO). His earlier research and participatory design has been into academic communication and electronic literacies, critical discourse and HIV/AIDS education and prevention. Christina Mörtberg, PhD, docent/reader, is an associate professor at the Department of Informatics, University of Oslo, Norway and University of Umeå, Sweden. Mörtberg's current research interests can be described in two interrelated areas that link to each other. In the first, systems design, she bases her research on situated perspectives and participatory design approaches and in the second, a theoretical/methodological perspective is in focus where systems design is studied in combination with theory/methodology based on feminist technoscience and science and technology studies. Mörtberg has been involved in numerous national, Nordic, and international research projects throughout the years and has also been one of the founders of several transnational research networks. She has published and continues to publish her research on her own as well as in collaboration with doctoral students and colleagues. Synne Skjulstad, PhD, is engaged in postdoctoral research as a scholar at the Department of Media and Communication, University of Oslo. She is working on a research project on cross-mediated and aestheticized advertising and branding in digital domains, labelled BRANDO. Skjulstad has a background in media studies. She has previously worked with practice-based research relating to digital media expressions, from hypervideo, experimental online research mediation, to digital media in dance performance. Her PhD was an article-based publication that focused on a communication design perspective for textual analysis of multimodal websites. Dagny Stuedahl, PhD and postdoc at Department of Media and Communication, University of Oslo, has a background in ethnology, history and theatre studies. Her design research focus is related to socio-cultural aspects of participatory design, digital design, communication design - and especially related to design with and for youths. Her background in ethnology brings a concentration on performative interactions between individuals and the collective in media spaces, in which technological artefacts play an important role. Her current research focuses on the interchange between narratives, proximity-based social and personal media and digital environments related to youths' engagement with digital cultural heritage. Stuedahl was coordinator of CMC convergence track, which has initiated and supported this book project financially. Ina Wagner, PhD, is professor for Multidisciplinary Systems Design and Computer Supported Co-operative Work (CSCW) and Head of the Institute for Technology Assessment and Design, Vienna University of Technology. After completing her PhD in physics she spent the first part of her career in science education, researching into and exploring innovative approaches to learning, before moving to the sociology of work, building cooperative relations with designers. Since then she has edited and written numerous books and authored over 150 papers on a variety of issues, amongst them computer-support of hospital work and of architectural design and planning, with a strong focus on CSCW issues, a feminist perspective in science and technology, as well as ethical and political issues in systems design. In her approach to the design of IT systems she combines ethnographic studies of work with design interventions and user participation. This also engages sociological interest in work and occupations, organization, management and technology. From 1995-97 she was Chair of the Equal Opportunity Commission of the Austrian Ministry of Science, Research, and Culture, and from 1997-2000 she was member of the European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies. She is member of the Austrian Bioethics Committee, since 2001. From 2005-2007 she held a CMC- Professor II position at Oslo University; since 2009 she is adjunct professor in Design of Information Systems, Department of Informatics at the University of Oslo. Even Westvang, tinkers, designs and develops for digital media, something he has been doing professionally since 1995. Currently he splits his time between the two web services Underskog and Origo. He has worked closely on these and many other projects with Simen Skogsrud, also a co-founder of the innovative Oslobased digital media and design company Bengler. Simen Svale Skogsrud, sees himself as a storyteller by way of technology and has worked with an array of media over the last 15 years. He currently tends to the social websites origo.no and underskog.no. His first novel, Pragma, was published in 2004 (Tiden). More about Simen is available at http://origo.no/simen.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Wagner, Ina

Stuedahl, Dagny

Bratteteig, Tone

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;6
2;Contents;8
3;Part 1 A Common Ground;10
3.1;1: Researching Digital Design;11
3.1.1;Perspectives on Research into Digital Design;13
3.1.2;Reflexivity in Multidisciplinary Design Research;17
3.1.3;Outline of the Book;18
3.1.4;References;21
3.2;2: Research Practices in Digital Design;24
3.2.1;Evolving Practices in Digital Design Research;25
3.2.2;Participatory Design of a Mobile Information Device;25
3.2.3;Designing Digital Environments;32
3.2.4;Communication Design;37
3.2.4.1;The Digital in Choreography, Performance and Mediation;38
3.2.4.2;Engaging Digitally with Cultural Heritage;41
3.2.5;The Practices of Digital Design Research;44
3.2.6;Design Practice as an Object of Research;45
3.2.7;Collaboration in Design;47
3.2.8;Diversity of Artefacts and Material Practices;49
3.2.9;Closing Comments;51
3.2.10;References;53
3.3;3: Analytical Perspectives;62
3.3.1;Collaboration and Participation in Digital Design Work;63
3.3.1.1;Computer Supported Collaborative Work;63
3.3.1.2;Interaction Through Artefacts;65
3.3.1.3;Boundary Objects;67
3.3.1.4;Awareness;67
3.3.1.5;Classification Systems and Archives;68
3.3.2;Networks and Relations;69
3.3.2.1;Making Relations in Digital Design;69
3.3.2.2;Symmetry, Agency and Translations;71
3.3.2.3;Circulating References;72
3.3.2.4;Performing Relations;73
3.3.3;Socio-Cultural Perspectives;75
3.3.3.1;On Communication Design;75
3.3.3.2;Developmental and Transformative Views;76
3.3.3.3;Affordances and Mediating Artefacts;79
3.3.3.4;Polyvocality and Addressivity;81
3.3.3.5;Social Semiosis and Digital Design;83
3.3.3.6;Rhetoric, Genre, and Digital Design;86
3.3.3.7;Towards Communication Design;90
3.3.4;Feminist Perspectives;91
3.3.4.1;Voice and Gender;91
3.3.4.2;Pluralistic Understandings of Gender and Digital Design;92
3.3.4.3;Designers, Users and Boundary Crossings;94
3.3.4.4;Material Discursive Practices: A Different Epistemology;97
3.3.5;Closing Comments;99
3.3.6;References;100
3.4;4: Methods That Matter in Digital Design Research;111
3.4.1;Reflexive Approaches to Digital Design;112
3.4.2;From Ethnography in PD to Digital Ethnography;113
3.4.3;Ethnographic Studies in Participatory Design;115
3.4.4;Prototyping as a Method to Involve Users;117
3.4.5;‘I, My Workplace and My Work’ – Carthographies;119
3.4.6;Digital Ethnography;122
3.4.7;Mobile Communication, Methodological Implications and Ethical Aspects;123
3.4.8;Using Blogs for Digital Engagement;125
3.4.9;New Creative Experiential Methods;128
3.4.10;Working with Cultural Probes;130
3.4.11;Technology Probes;132
3.4.12;Setting Up a Design Space;134
3.4.13;Performative Development;135
3.4.14;Manipulate Media: A Workshop on Performative Development;137
3.4.15;Oikos as Concept for Digital Environments;141
3.4.16;Closing Comments;144
3.4.17;References;145
4;Part 2 Multiple Perspectiveson Design Research;151
4.1;5: A Matter of Digital Materiality;152
4.1.1;Characteristics of the Digital;153
4.1.1.1;Abstractions;153
4.1.1.2;Representations;156
4.1.1.3;Process;157
4.1.2;Materials in Design;160
4.1.3;Computers as Material;162
4.1.3.1;Concrete Abstractions;163
4.1.3.2;Material for Process Design;164
4.1.3.3;Processual Material;165
4.1.4;Digital Material;166
4.1.4.1;Levels of Digital Design;168
4.1.4.2;Close to the Material;169
4.1.5;Digital Matters in Design;170
4.1.6;References;171
4.2;6: On Mobility, Localization and the Possibility of Digital Genre Design;175
4.2.1;Designing for Current and Future Conjunction;175
4.2.1.1;The Pluralistic Character of Designing;176
4.2.1.2;Bridging a Gap Between Design and Aesthetics;176
4.2.1.3;‘Double Descriptions’;177
4.2.1.4;The Importance of ‘Meaningware’;177
4.2.2;Projection, Prediction and Production;178
4.2.2.1;Hand-in-Hand;178
4.2.2.2;The Future Within Grasp;178
4.2.2.3;On Aristotelian Rhetoric;179
4.2.2.4;Discovery and Invention in Digital Design;180
4.2.3;An Example of Digital Inventio and Genre Design in Education;181
4.2.3.1;The Intro Prototype;181
4.2.3.1.1;The Lecture;182
4.2.3.1.2;The Encyclopaedia Article;182
4.2.3.1.3;The Documentary Film;182
4.2.3.1.4;The Computer Game Introductory Video Sequence;182
4.2.4;Work in Progress: Multimodality, Mobility and Localization;183
4.2.5;Reconnaissance: Visiting Possible Precedents;184
4.2.5.1;Topic 1: The Reality in Fictional Visions;184
4.2.5.1.1;Consequence: Future Imaginings of History;185
4.2.5.2;Topic 2: Hyperspace and Real Space;186
4.2.5.3;Topic 3: Convergence of Cartography and the Encyclopedia;187
4.2.5.4;Topic 4: Travel and Guides;187
4.2.5.5;Topic 5: Online 3D Worlds and Shared Simulations;188
4.2.6;Potential Genre Designs Positioned Simulations;188
4.2.6.1;Cases of ‘Positioned Simulations’;189
4.2.6.1.1;Case 1: Past + Present – The Oseberg Viking Ship and Its Gravemound;189
4.2.6.1.2;Case 2: Past + Present – The Battle of Pharsalus;190
4.2.7;References;192
4.3;7: Unreal Estate: Digital Design and Mediation in Marketing Urban Residency;193
4.3.1;Mediating Real Estate;193
4.3.2;Exploratory Discourse;195
4.3.2.1;Selection of Sites;195
4.3.2.2;On Communication Design;196
4.3.3;Outline of Chapter;197
4.3.4;Contexts of Mediation;198
4.3.4.1;Marketing and Mediating Unreal Estate Online;198
4.3.5;A Socio-Cultural Perspective;199
4.3.6;Mediating Artefacts;202
4.3.6.1;A Blend of Visualizations;202
4.3.7;Hyperrealism;203
4.3.7.1;From Reality TV to Hyperrealistic Representation;203
4.3.8;On Remediation and Hypermediacy;204
4.3.8.1;Selling the Planned and Projected;205
4.3.8.2;Verbal–Visual Coherence: Exteriors;206
4.3.8.3;Inside Looking Out;208
4.3.9;Linking Real and Unreal Estate;209
4.3.10;Making the Connections;210
4.3.11;3D Visualizations in 3D;212
4.3.11.1;Transposing CAD Tools and Representations;212
4.3.11.2;Cutaway to the Bedroom;213
4.3.11.3;Seeing Inside the ‘Set’;215
4.3.11.4;The Simulated as Sold;216
4.3.11.5;The Full Picture;217
4.3.12;From Visiting to Moving In;218
4.3.12.1;Marketing Unreal Estate via Digital Mediation;218
4.3.12.2;Making ‘Home Pages’;219
4.3.12.3;Sharing Design Performances;220
4.3.13;References;221
4.4;8: Whisperings in the Undergrowth: Communication Design, Online Social Networking and Discursive Performativity;224
4.4.1;Introducing Contexts for Communication Design;224
4.4.1.1;The Phenomenon Social Software;224
4.4.1.2;On Underskog;225
4.4.1.3;On Our Research Approach;226
4.4.2;Getting to Grips with Social Networking and Software;228
4.4.2.1;Affordances for Collaborative Enactment;228
4.4.2.1.1;Production-Based Inquiry;229
4.4.2.1.2;Relations Between Artefacts and Objects;230
4.4.3;Designing Design;230
4.4.3.1;Cross-mediations;231
4.4.3.2;Shaping the Shaping;231
4.4.4;Social Networking Expands;232
4.4.4.1;Affordances for Communities of Interest;232
4.4.5;A Sociocultural Approach to Communication Design;233
4.4.5.1;Digital Design Matters;233
4.4.5.2;Core Concepts;234
4.4.5.2.1;‘Designing a Great Party’6;234
4.4.5.3;On Expansive Design;234
4.4.5.4;On Performativity and Digital Design;236
4.4.5.5;Changes While Building;237
4.4.6;Further into the ‘Forest’;237
4.4.6.1;On Underskog;237
4.4.6.2;Sketching on Rails;238
4.4.6.3;Voice and Language;239
4.4.6.4;Connecting the Dots;240
4.4.6.5;Being Through ‘Language’;240
4.4.6.6;Requests Rolling in;241
4.4.6.7;Flurries and Dips;242
4.4.6.8;Anonymity, Accountability and Discussion;243
4.4.6.9;Reflecting on Studies of Social Networking;244
4.4.6.10;Fora for Debate;245
4.4.6.10.1;Kudos;245
4.4.6.11;Crossing the Applications for Networking;245
4.4.6.11.1;In the Papers;246
4.4.6.12;Performativity and Practice-Led Research Revisited;246
4.4.6.13;Co-construction and Performativity;247
4.4.6.13.1;Developing Multiple Spaces;247
4.4.6.14;Deeper into Modes of Inquiry and Reflection;248
4.4.6.14.1;Into Ethnography;248
4.4.6.14.2;Finding Relationships Between Publication and Participation;250
4.4.6.15;Shared Object of Activity;250
4.4.6.15.1;2M and Counting…;251
4.4.6.15.2;Moving between Modes;252
4.4.7;From Whisperings to Rumblings;252
4.4.7.1;Designing for Performativity;252
4.4.7.1.1;‘Facing Up’;253
4.4.7.2;Non Fatum Est…;254
4.4.7.2.1;From Ideals to Activity;254
4.4.8;Revisioning Expansive Design;254
4.4.8.1;Finding and Designing Coherence;255
4.4.8.2;Removal and Deletion;256
4.4.9;Towards Discursive Performativity;256
4.4.9.1;New Forests;257
4.4.9.2;From Whispers to Roars;257
4.4.10;References;258
4.5;9: Designing for Sustainable Ways of Living with Technologies;263
4.5.1;Sustainable Development and Its Relationship to Design;264
4.5.1.1;Sustainablity in Design ;265
4.5.1.2;… and Cultural Sustainability in Digital Design;266
4.5.2;Cat’s Cradle: An Actor-Network-Theory;267
4.5.3;Sustainable or Unsustainable Standards and Formats?;269
4.5.3.1;Behind the Scenes: The Performance of Sustainability in Day-to-Day Activities;269
4.5.3.1.1;Cash Payment or Not: Sustainable Routines;270
4.5.3.1.2;Standard Identifiers: Disciplining Technologies;270
4.5.3.1.3;Weaving Together Unsustainable Standards and Routines;272
4.5.3.2;Standards for Digital Cultural Heritage;273
4.5.3.3;Knowledge and Practice as Identifiers for Sustainable Standards;275
4.5.3.4;Connection Between Standards and Individual Practices and Knowledge;276
4.5.3.5;Designing for Cultural Sustainability;278
4.5.4;Discussion;279
4.5.5;References;282
5;Epilogue A Multidisciplinary Take on Digital Design;285
5.1;References;287
6;About the Authors;288
7;Index;291