van Zyl Synthetic Aperture Radar Polarimetry

1. Auflage 2011
ISBN: 978-1-118-11609-8
Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 0 - No protection

E-Book, Englisch, Band 1, 314 Seiten, E-Book

Reihe: JPL Space Science and Technology Series

This book describes the application of polarimetric syntheticaperture radar to earth remote sensing based on research at theNASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). This book synthesizes allcurrent research to provide practical information for both thenewcomer and the expert in radar polarimetry. Thetext offers a concise description of the mathematicalfundamentals illustrated with many examples using SAR data, with amain focus on remote sensing of the earth.
The book begins with basics of synthetic aperture radar toprovide the basis for understanding how polarimetric SAR images areformed and gives an introduction to the fundamentals of radarpolarimetry. It goes on to discuss more advanced polarimetricconcepts that allow one to infer more information about the terrainbeing imaged. In order to analyze data quantitatively, the signalsmust be calibrated carefully, which the book addresses in achapter summarizing the basic calibration algorithms. The bookconcludes with examples of applying polarimetric analysis toscattering from rough surfaces, to infer soil moisture from radarsignals.

Autoren/Hrsg.

van Zyl, Jakob J.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Note From the Series Editor xi
Foreword xiii
Preface xv
Acknowledgments xvii
Authors xix
1. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Imaging Basics 1
1.1 Basic Principles of Radar Imaging 2
1.2 Radar Resolution 6
1.3 Radar Equation 10
1.4 Real Aperture Radar 11
1.5 Synthetic Aperture Radar 13
1.6 Radar Image Artifacts and Noise 16
1.7 Summary 22
References 22
2. Basic Principles of SAR Polarimetry 23
2.1 Polarization of Electromagnetic Waves 23
2.2 Mathematical Representations of Scatterers 27
2.3 Implementation of a Radar Polarimeter 32
2.4 Polarization Response 34
2.5 Optimum Polarizations 53
2.6 Contrast Enhancement 65
2.7 Summary 71
References 71
3. Advanced Polarimetric Concepts 73
3.1 Vector-Matrix Duality of Scatterer Representation 73
3.2 Eigenvalue- and Eigenvector-Based Polarimetric Parameters76
3.3 Decomposition of Polarimetric Scattering 88
3.4 Image Classification 125
3.5 Polarimetric SAR Interferometry 135
3.6 Summary 141
References 141
4. Polarimetric SAR Calibration 145
4.1 Polarimetric Radar System Model 145
4.2 Cross Talk Estimation and Removal 152
4.3 Copolarized Channel Imbalance Calibration 161
4.4 Absolute Radiometric Calibration 166
4.5 Faraday Rotation 177
4.6 Summary 179
References 180
5. Applications: Measurement of Surface Soil Moisture182
5.1 Surface Electrical and Geometrical Properties 183
5.2 Scattering from Bare Rough Surfaces 196
5.3 Example Bare Surface Soil Moisture Inversion Models 201
5.4 Comparison of the Performance of Bare Surface InversionModels 211
5.5 Parameterizing Scattering Models 216
5.6 Inverting the IEM Model 222
5.7 Scattering from Vegetated Terrain 225
5.8 Simulation Results 239
5.9 Time Series Estimation of Soil Moisture 252
5.10 Summary 257
References 258
Appendixes
A. Tilted Small Perturbation Model Details 262
B. Bistatic Scattering Matrix of a Cylinder with ArbitraryOrientation 267
C. Nomenclature 276
Index 279

Über Autor(innen)

JAKOB van ZYL, PhD, has been with the NASA Jet PropulsionLaboratory since 1986. He has contributed to the design anddevelopment of many SAR systems, including SIR-C, SRTM, AIRSAR,TOPSAR, and GeoSAR. In 2010, he received the DistinguishedAchievement Award from the Geoscience and Remote Sensing Society ofthe IEEE for his contributions to polarimatric SAR remote sensing.Dr. Jakob van Zyl is the associate director of Project Formulationand Strategy and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Formerly, he wasthe director for JPL's Astronomy and Physics Directorate.
YUNJIN KIM, PhD, has been with the NASA Jet PropulsionLaboratory and¿California Institute of Technology since 1989.He has contributed to the development of several radar systems,such as SIR-C, AIRSAR, GeoSAR, and SRTM. Currently, Dr. Kim is theNuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) project manager. Heis the author of two book chapters, more than twenty peer-reviewedarticles, and more than seventy conference publications.