The Subjectivities and Objectivities of Peer Review

Erscheinungsjahr 2024
ISBN: 978-90-04-71136-5
Verlag: Brill

Buch, Englisch, Band 3, 164 Seiten, Format (B × H): 155 mm x 235 mm, Gewicht: 419 g

Reihe: Studies in Research Integrity

“What do we want? Evidence-based science! When do we want it? After peer review!” We have come to think of peer review as the stamp of quality that separates real results from mere conjecture, but a look under the hood reveals that the participants inside of peer review are far from objective. This book reclaims subjectivity and affirms a social mode of objectivity, which prevents peer review from overpromising and underdelivering in its vital role in knowledge production.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Ucko, Daniel

Fachgebiete

• Sozialwissenschaften Soziologie | Soziale Arbeit Soziologie Allgemein
• Interdisziplinäres Wissenschaften Wissenschaften: Allgemeines Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften, Formalen Wissenschaften & Technik
• Wirtschaftswissenschaften Wirtschaftssektoren & Branchen Medien-, Informations und Kommunikationswirtschaft Verlagswesen
• Geisteswissenschaften Philosophie Wissenschaftstheorie, Wissenschaftsphilosophie
• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Geschichtliche Themen Wissenschafts- und Universitätsgeschichte

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Acknowledgments IX

Abbreviations and Acronyms XI

Introduction: Peer Review, an Ancient New Tradition

1 Introducing the Project

1 How Peer Review Operates

1 Agents and Their Roles

2 Why Publish?

3 The Referee Persona

4 The Editor

5 Schematic of the Peer Review Process

6 Conclusion of Peer Review

2 History

1 The Myth of Oldenburg

2 Pre-history of Peer Review

3 Conclusion: Transition to Modern Peer Review

3 Objectivity

1 Objectivity as Realism

2 Process Objectivity

3 Persona

4 Conclusion: Whither Objectivity?

4 Anonymity

1 What Is Anonymity?

2 Rise of the Anonymous Referee

3 Why Is Anonymity Accepted?

4 Anonymous Authors

5 Conclusion: the Tension between Anonymity and Open Science

5 Trust

1 A Cognitive Account of Trust

2 The Hardwig Affair

3 Peer Review and Trust

4 The Replication Crisis

5 Power Relations and Trust

6 An Affective Account of Trust

7 Expertise and Trust

8 Trust and Distrust

9 Conclusion on Trust in Peer Review

6 Opening Up

1 Opening Peer Review

2 Opening Access

3 Conclusion on Openness

Conclusion

Bibliography

Index

Über Autor(innen)

b>Daniel Ucko, Ph.D. University College London (2001) and Stony Brook University (2020), is Head of Ethics and Research Integrity at the American Physical Society.