Thorp / Rogers Field Guide to Freshwater Invertebrates of North America

1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-0-12-381427-2
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 304 Seiten

The Field Guide to Freshwater Invertebrates of North America focuses on freshwater invertebrates that can be identified using at most an inexpensive magnifying glass. This Guide will be useful for experienced nature enthusiasts, students doing aquatic field projects, and anglers looking for the best fish bait, lure, or fly. Color photographs and art, as well as the broad geographic coverage, set this guide apart. - 362 color photographs and detailed descriptions aid in the identification of species - Introductory chapters instruct the reader on how to use the book, different inland water habitats and basic ecological relationships of freshwater invertebrates - Broad taxonomic coverage is more comprehensive than any guide currently available

Autoren/Hrsg.

Thorp, James H.

Rogers, D. Christopher

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Cover;1
2;Field Guide to Freshwater Invertebrates of North America;2
3;Copyright;5
4;Contents;8
5;Preface;18
6;Acknowledgments;20
7;Biographic Sketches of the Authors;22
8;Photograph Credits;24
9;Part1 Introduction;28
9.1;1. Using This Book Effectively;30
9.1.1;I. Introduction to This Field Guide;30
9.1.2;II. How Invertebrates are Classified;31
9.1.3;III. A Cautionary Note;33
9.2;2. General Techniques for Collecting and Identification;34
9.2.1;I. Finding, Collecting, and Culturing Aquatic Invertebrates;34
9.2.2;II. How to Use a Dichotomous Key;41
9.2.3;III. Introductory Taxonomic Key for Invertebrates and Chapter Guide;42
10;Part II General Ecology of Freshwater Invertebrates;44
10.1;3. The Nature of Inland Water Habitats;46
10.1.1;I. Introduction;46
10.1.2;II. Lotic Environments—Creeks and Rivers;46
10.1.3;III. Subterranean Habitats: Hyporheic Zone and Cave Environments;52
10.1.4;IV. Lentic Ecosystems;54
10.2;4. A Primer on Ecological Relationships amongFreshwater Invertebrates;64
10.2.1;I. Introduction;64
10.2.2;II. Physiological Ecology;64
10.2.3;III. Organismal and Population Ecology;67
10.2.4;IV. Community Ecology;54
11;Part III Ecology and Identification of Specific Taxa;74
11.1;5. Sponges: Phylum Porifera;76
11.1.1;I. Introduction, Diversity, and Distribution;76
11.1.2;II. Form and Function;76
11.1.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;77
11.1.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;78
11.1.5;V. Representative Taxa of Freshwater Sponges: Phylum Porifera;79
11.2;6. Hydra and Jellyfish: Phylum Cnidaria;80
11.2.1;I. Introduction, Diversity, and Distribution;80
11.2.2;II. Form and Function;80
11.2.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;77
11.2.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;78
11.2.5;V. Representative Taxa: Phylum Cnidaria;79
11.3;7. Flatworms: Phylum Platyhelminthes, Class Turbellaria;84
11.3.1;I. Introduction, Diversity, and Distribution;84
11.3.2;II. Form and Function;85
11.3.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;85
11.3.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;86
11.3.5;V. Representative Taxa of Flatworms: Class Turbellaria;87
11.4;8. Hairworms: Phylum Nematomorpha;88
11.4.1;I. Introduction, Diversity, and Distribution;88
11.4.2;II. Form and Function;88
11.4.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;89
11.4.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;89
11.4.5;V. Representative Taxa of Hairworms: Phylum Nematomorpha;90
11.5;9. Snails: Phylum Mollusca, Class Gastropoda;92
11.5.1;I. Introduction, Diversity, and Distribution;92
11.5.2;II. Form and Function;94
11.5.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;96
11.5.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;98
11.5.5;V. Representative Taxa of Snails and Limpets: Class Gastropoda;99
11.6;10. Mussels and Clams: Phylum Mollusca, Class Bivalvia;110
11.6.1;I. Introduction, Diversity, and Distribution;110
11.6.2;II. Form and Function;112
11.6.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;114
11.6.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;115
11.6.5;V. Representative Taxa of Clams and Mussels: Class Bivalvia;117
11.7;11. Aquatic Segmented Worms and Leeches: Phylum Annelida;124
11.7.1;I. Introduction to the Phylum Annelida;124
11.7.2;II. Form and Function;124
11.7.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;125
11.7.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;126
11.7.5;V. Representative Taxa of Aquatic Earthworms and Leeches:Phylum Annelida;128
11.8;12. Moss Animals: Phylum Ectoprocta, or Bryozoa;132
11.8.1;I. Introduction, Diversity, and Distribution;132
11.8.2;II. Form and Function;133
11.8.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;134
11.8.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;134
11.8.5;V. Representative Taxa of Moss Animals or Bryozoans: Phylum Ectoprocta;135
11.9;13. Introduction to Freshwater Invertebrates in thePhylum Arthropoda;136
11.9.1;I. Introduction to the Phylum;136
11.9.2;II. Form and Function;138
11.9.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;139
11.9.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;140
11.9.5;V. Taxonomic Key to the Phylum Arthropoda;140
11.10;14. Mites and Spiders: Subphylum Chelicerata, Class Arachnida;148
11.10.1;I. Introduction to the Subphylum;148
11.10.2;II. Form and Function;149
11.10.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;150
11.10.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;151
11.10.5;V. Representative Taxa of Mites and Spiders: Class Arachnida;152
11.11;15. Fairy Shrimp, Tadpole Shrimp, Clam Shrimp, and Water Fleas:Subphylum Crustacea, Class Branchiopoda;154
11.11.1;I. Introduction to the Class Branchiopoda;154
11.11.2;II. Form and Function;155
11.11.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;157
11.11.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;159
11.11.5;V. Representative Taxa in the Class Branchiopoda;160
11.12;16. Copepods, Fish Lice, and Seed Shrimp: SubphylumCrustacea, Classes Maxillopoda and Ostracoda;166
11.12.1;I. Introduction to Copepods, Fish Lice, and Seed Shrimp;166
11.12.2;II. Form and Function;167
11.12.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;168
11.12.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;169
11.12.5;V. Representative Taxa of Copepods, Fish Lice, and Seed Shrimps:Classes Maxillopoda and Ostracoda;171
11.13;17. Aquatic Sow Bugs, Scuds, and Opossum Shrimp: SubphylumCrustacea, Class Malacostraca, Superorder Peracarida;174
11.13.1;I. Introduction;174
11.13.2;II. Form and Function;175
11.13.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;176
11.13.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;177
11.13.5;V. Representative Taxa of Sow Bugs, Scuds, and Opossum Shrimps:Class Malacostraca, Superorder Peracarida;178
11.14;18. Crayfish, Crabs, and Shrimp: Subphylum Crustacea, ClassMalacostraca, Order Decapoda;184
11.14.1;I. Introduction to the Order Decapoda;184
11.14.2;II. Form and Function;186
11.14.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;187
11.14.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;187
11.14.5;V. Representative Taxa of Crayfish, Shrimp, and Crabs: Order Decapoda;189
11.15;19. Introduction to Insects and their Near Relatives:Subphylum Hexapoda;196
11.15.1;I. Introduction to the Subphylum Hexapoda;196
11.15.2;II. Form and Function;197
11.15.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;198
11.15.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;198
11.15.5;V. Taxonomic Key;199
11.15.6;VI. Representative TAXA;202
11.16;20. Mayflies: Insect Order Ephemeroptera;206
11.16.1;I. Introduction to the Order Ephemeroptera;206
11.16.2;II. Form and Function;206
11.16.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;207
11.16.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;208
11.16.5;V. Representative Taxa of Mayflies: Order Ephemeroptera;209
11.17;21. Dragonflies and Damselflies: Insect Order Odonata;218
11.17.1;I. Introduction to the Order Odonata;218
11.17.2;II. Form and Function;218
11.17.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;219
11.17.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;220
11.17.5;V. Representative Taxa of Dragonflies and Damselflies: Order Odonata;221
11.18;22. Stoneflies: Insect Order Plecoptera;226
11.18.1;I. Introduction to the Order Plecoptera;226
11.18.2;II. Form and Function;226
11.18.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;228
11.18.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;228
11.18.5;V. Representative Taxa of Stoneflies: Order Plecoptera;229
11.19;23. True Bugs: Insect Order Hemiptera;232
11.19.1;I. Introduction to the Order Hemiptera;232
11.19.2;II. Form and Function;233
11.19.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;234
11.19.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;235
11.19.5;V. Representative Taxa of True Bugs: Order Hemiptera;236
11.20;24. Hellgrammites, Spongillaflies, Caterpillars, and Others:Minor Aquatic Insect Orders;240
11.20.1;I. Introduction to Three Orders;240
11.20.2;II. Form and Function;241
11.20.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;242
11.20.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;242
11.20.5;V. Representative Taxa of Hellgrammites, Spongillaflies, and Aquatic Moths;244
11.21;25. Caddisflies: Insect Order Trichoptera;246
11.21.1;I. Introduction to Trichoptera;246
11.21.2;II. Form and Function;247
11.21.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;248
11.21.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;248
11.21.5;V. Representative Taxa of Caddisflies: Order Trichoptera;250
11.22;26. Beetles: Insect Order Coleoptera;256
11.22.1;I. Introduction to the Order Coleoptera;256
11.22.2;II. Form and Function;256
11.22.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;257
11.22.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;258
11.22.5;V. Representative Taxa of Aquatic Beetles: Order Coleoptera;259
11.23;27. Midges, Mosquitoes, Blackflies, and Other True Flies:Insect Order Diptera;274
11.23.1;I. Introduction to the Order Diptera;274
11.23.2;II. Form and Function;274
11.23.3;III. Ecology, Behavior, and Environmental Biology;275
11.23.4;IV. Collection and Culturing;276
11.23.5;V. Representative Taxa of Aquatic Flies: Order Diptera;278
12;Glossary;288
13;References;290
14;Index;294