Tan Environmental Soil Science, Third Edition

3. Auflage 2012
ISBN: 978-1-4398-9501-6
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 600 Seiten

Reihe: Books in Soils, Plants, and the Environment

Completely revised and updated, incorporating almost a decade’s worth of developments in this field, Environmental Soil Science, Third Edition, explores the entire reach of the subject, beginning with soil properties and reactions and moving on to their relationship to environmental properties and reactions. Keeping the organization and writing style that made previous editions bestsellers, the author addresses the definitions of environmental science, ecology, and soil science, underscoring their combination into environmental soil science.

The book highlights the live biological constituents that make up the soil, exploring the changes made by agricultural operations and other human activities that lead to changes in the environment and our natural ecosystem. These include causes, effects, and solutions for acid rain, global warming, and destruction of the ozone layer. The author also provides extensive coverage of soilless agriculture, hydroponics, fish farming, vanishing biodiversity due to the destruction of jungles and the rain forest, and what to do about it.

New in the Third Edition:

- Al Gore’s Nobel Prize winning politics on global warming and apocalyptic predictions

- Biofuel production from agricultural trash and the controversy over using corn for alcohol production

- Advances in biotechnology and the issues surrounding golden rice, flavr savr tomato, roundup ready plants, and GM crops

- The effects of agricultural operations and other human activities on changing soil properties and environment

- Introduction of a new soil group, Paddy soils, a unique man made soil formed by centuries of rice cultivation

- Blue Revolution and marine biodiversity

- Use of eutrophication in aquaculture

Growing ecological awareness has put the spotlight on all environmental disciplines, and environmental soil science is no exception. This has created broader interest in what has traditionally been a fundamental subject. This book tackles matters which must be urgently addressed due to the mounting evidence of climate change.

Zielgruppe

Sophomore level undergraduate and graduate students in soil science/environmental soil science courses, agronomists/soil scientists; environmental scientists, chemists, engineers & managers.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Tan, Kim H.

Fachgebiete

• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften
• Naturwissenschaften Agrarwissenschaften Agrarwissenschaften

Inhaltsverzeichnis

SOILS AND THE ENVIRONMENT

The Birth of Environmental Soil Science

Concept of Environmental Science

Concept of Ecology

Definition and Concept of Soils

Pedologic Concept of Soils

Soil Orders

Relation of Soil Orders with the Environment

INORGANIC SOIL CONSTITUENTS

Soil Composition

Inorganic Constituents

Mineral Composition

Primary Minerals

Weathering of Primary Minerals

Secondary Minerals

ORGANIC SOIL CONSTITUENTS

Soil Organic Matter

Humus

Soil Biomass

Biochemical Reactions of Soil Microorganisms

Nonhumified Organic Matter

Humified Organic Matter

GAS PHASE IN SOILS

Soil Air

Soil Aeration

Soil Air Quality in Agriculture

Biochemical Effect of Aeration

Biological Effect of Aeration

Chemical Effect of Aeration

LIQUID PHASE

The Concept of Solutions

Types of Water in Soil

The Soil Solution

Movement of Soil Water

Water Losses

Dissolved Solid Substances

Environmental Issues of Soil Solutes

Dissolved Gas

Oxygen Demand

SOIL PHYSICS IN THE ENVIRONMENT

Physical Properties

Particle Size Distribution

Soil Structure

Soil Density and Soil Porosity

Soil Consistence

Thermal Properties of Soils

The Issue of Soil Physics in Histosols

ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOLID CONSTITUENTS

Electrical Charges

Soil Clays

Anion Exchange Capacity

Soil Organic Matter

Soil Reaction

The Aesthetic Issue of Induced Micronutrient Toxicity and Deficiency

SOILS AND CROP PRODUCTION

Clearing New Lands

Soil Degradation and the Issue of Retrogression

Environmental Changes

The Issue of Biodiversity

Plantation Agriculture and Agroforestry

Intensifying Soil Productivity

Residue-, No-Till and Strip-Till Farming

Organic Farming

LISA or Low-Input Sustainable Agriculture

SOILLESS AGRICULTURE

Hydroponics

Hydroponic Cultivation of Algae

Aeroponics

Nutrient Film Technique

Artificial Soil

Aquaculture

Aquaculture in the United States

The Law of the Sea

BIOTECHNOLOGY IN SOIL SCIENCE AND AGRICULTURE

Definitions and Concepts

Food Biotechnology

Agricultural Biotechnology

Tissue Culture

Environmental Significance of Tissue Cultures

Soil Biotechnology

SOIL AND POLLUTION

Forms of Pollution

Definition and Concept of Waste

Agricultural Waste

Composting and Compost

Industrial Waste

Waste from Food Processing Plants

Municipal Waste

Detoxification of Waste

Soil Remediation

Environmental Impact of Agricultural and Industrial Waste

Appendix A: Atomic Weights of the Major Elements in Soils
Appendix B: International System of Units (SI); Factors for Converting U.S. Units
into SI Units
Appendix C: U.S. Weights and Measures

References and Additional Readings

Index