Stillwell / Ham Ethnicity and Integration

1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-90-481-9103-1
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 3, 320 Seiten

Reihe: Understanding Population Trends and Processes

The theme of this volume is ethnicity and the implications for integration of our increasingly ethnically diversified population. New research findings from a range of census, survey and administrative data sources are presented, and case studies are included.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Stillwell, John

Ham, Maarten

Ham, Maarten van

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Foreword;6
2;Preface;9
3;Acknowledgements;10
4;Contents;11
5;Contributors;13
6;1 Ethnicity and Integration;15
6.1; Introduction;15
6.2; Race and Ethnicity;15
6.3; Immigration and Integration;20
6.4; Measuring Ethnic Integration, Diversity and Density;23
6.5; Structure and Spatial Distribution of Ethnic Populations of Britain;24
6.6; Book Structure and Contents;27
6.6.1; Ethnic Population Change and Residential Concentration;27
6.6.2; Ethnicity and Household Dynamics;28
6.6.3; Internal and International Ethnic Migration;29
6.6.4; Ethnic Identity and Language;31
6.6.5; Ethnicity and Health;32
6.6.6; Ethnicity, Crime and Social Cohesion;34
6.6.7; Ethnic Population Projection;35
6.6.8; Secondary Data Sources;36
6.7;References;36
7;2 Ethnic Group Population Change and Integration: A Demographic Perspective on Ethnic Geographies;40
7.1; Introduction;40
7.2; Measuring Neighbourhood Ethnic Group Population Change;42
7.3; Drivers of Ethnic Group Population Change for England and Wales;45
7.4; Southall Broadway: An Illustration of Neighbourhood Ethnic Group Population Dynamics;47
7.5; Components of Population Change and Ethnic Minority Concentration;51
7.6; Conclusions;55
7.7;References;56
8;3 Ethnic Residential Segregation Change in England and Wales;59
8.1; Introduction;59
8.2; Data and Measures;60
8.2.1; Enhancing the Population Census;60
8.2.2; Two Common Measures;61
8.3; Population Change and Index Values Over Time;62
8.3.1; Population Change;62
8.3.2; National Index Values Over Time;63
8.3.3; Index Values for Selected Districts Over Time;65
8.4; Index Values Across Life Stages;67
8.4.1; Exploring Variations by Age Cohorts;67
8.4.2; Index Values by Age Cohorts Nationally and for Selected Districts;67
8.5; Conclusions;70
8.6;References;72
9;4 Ethnicity and Fertility in the United Kingdom;75
9.1; Introduction;75
9.2; Methods of Estimating Ethnic Fertility;79
9.2.1; LFS-Own Child Method to Estimate Age-Specific Fertility Rates;79
9.2.2; LFS-OCM, a Reverse Survival Technique for Inter-Censal Fertility;81
9.2.3; OCM Refinements Correcting for Fertility Under-Estimation;82
9.3; Variations in the Quantum and Tempo of Childbearing by Ethnic Group;83
9.3.1; Fertility Trends by Ethnicity;83
9.3.2; Women's Age at Childbearing, Patterns and Changes;85
9.3.3; The Direct Impact of Immigration on Fertility, 1997--2006;88
9.4; Conclusions;89
9.5;References;91
10;5 Neighbourhood Ethnic Mix and the Formation of Mixed-Ethnic Unions in Britain;94
10.1; Introduction;94
10.2; Theoretical Background;95
10.3; Data and Methods;97
10.4; Patterns of Mixed-Ethnic Unions;100
10.5; Formation of Mixed-Ethnic Unions;104
10.5.1; The Sample Descriptions;104
10.5.2; Modelling Results;106
10.6; Conclusions;110
10.7;References;112
11;6 Ethnic Internal Migration in England and Wales: Spatial Analysis Using a District Classification Framework;115
11.1; Introduction;115
11.2; Context;116
11.2.1; Ethnic Population Concentration;116
11.2.2; The Impact of Immigration on Settled Communities;117
11.2.3; Internal Migration and Dispersal;118
11.3; Data Sources and Spatial Units;119
11.3.1; Migration Data;119
11.3.2; Spatial Units;121
11.4; Ethnic Diversity and Migration Propensity;122
11.4.1; Ethnic Mix;123
11.4.2; Age Structure;124
11.4.3; Geographical Distribution of Ethnic Populations;127
11.5; Internal Migration by Ethnic Group;128
11.5.1; Intra and Inter-district Shares;129
11.5.2; Net Migration Balances by Area Type;130
11.5.3; Age Disaggregation;133
11.6; Conclusions;138
11.7;References;139
12;7 Do Ethnic Groups Migrate Towards Areas of High Concentration of Their Own Group Within England and Wales;143
12.1; Introduction;143
12.2; White Flight and White Avoidance;144
12.3; Self-selected Segregation;145
12.4; Using the 2001 Census to Explore Trends at the Electoral Ward Level;147
12.5; Measuring Residential Segregation;148
12.6; Patterns of Concentration and Movement in England and Wales;149
12.6.1; Ward Level Concentrations of Ethnic Groups;149
12.7; Movement Towards Areas of High Concentration of Own Ethnic Group;153
12.8; The Case of London;156
12.9; Conclusions;157
12.10;References;159
13;8 Understanding the Impact of Immigration on the Labour Market Outcomes of British Workers;162
13.1; Introduction;162
13.2; Theoretical Background;163
13.2.1; Classical Economic Theory;163
13.2.2; Opportunity Structure of the Labour Market and Spatial Inequality;164
13.2.3; Ethnic Composition of Local Labour Markets and the Labour Market Impact of Immigrants;165
13.3; Hypotheses;166
13.4; Methodology;167
13.4.1; Research Design and Data;167
13.4.2; Statistical Method;169
13.5; Results;170
13.5.1; Spatial Distributions of Immigrants in Britain;170
13.6; Multivariate Multi-level Regression Results;179
13.7; Conclusions;183
13.8;References;186
14;9 Black Africans in England: A Diversity of Integration Experiences;188
14.1; Introduction;188
14.2; Data Sources;190
14.3; Black African Immigration;191
14.4; Demographic Characteristics;195
14.4.1; Age;195
14.4.2; Gender;195
14.5; Black African Household and Family Structures;198
14.6; Expressions of National and Ethnic Identity;199
14.7; Diversity of Language;202
14.8; Employment;206
14.9; Conclusion;208
14.10;References;209
15;10 Ethnic Differences in Physical Activity and Obesity;212
15.1; Introduction: Obesity as a Policy Issue;212
15.2; Ethnicity and Obesity;213
15.3; Data and Methods;215
15.3.1; The Health Survey for England;215
15.3.2; Analysis Strategy;216
15.4; Exploratory Analysis;218
15.4.1; Physical Activity;218
15.4.2; Obesity;219
15.5; Logistic Regression Analysis;221
15.5.1; Physical Activity;221
15.5.2; Obesity;223
15.6; Discussion;226
15.6.1; Ethnicity, Physical Activity and Obesity;226
15.6.2; Migration, Physical Activity and Obesity;227
15.6.3; Socio-Demographic and Socio-Economic Determinants of Physical Activity and Obesity;227
15.6.4; Diet and Physical Activity as Predictors of Obesity;228
15.7; Conclusions;229
15.8;References;229
16;11 Racial Discrimination and Health: Exploring the Possible Protective Effects of Ethnic Density;234
16.1; Introduction;234
16.2; Existing Studies;235
16.2.1; Ethnic Density and Health;235
16.2.2; Ethnic Density and Experience of Racial Discrimination;236
16.2.3; Ethnic Density and Social Cohesion;236
16.2.4; Ethnic Density and Civic Engagement;237
16.3; Data;238
16.3.1; Ethnic Density Data from the 2001 Census;238
16.3.2; Operationalising Ethnic Density;239
16.3.3; The Citizenship Survey;240
16.4; Statistical Analysis;242
16.4.1; Description of the Citizenship Survey Participants;242
16.4.2; Ethnic Density and Long-Term Limiting Illness;244
16.4.3; Racism Prevalence and Association with Ethnic Density;244
16.4.4; Levels of Social Cohesion and Association with Ethnic Density;248
16.4.5; Prevalence of Civic Engagement and Association with Ethnic Density;249
16.4.6; Limitations of the Study;250
16.5; Conclusions and Implications;252
16.6;References;255
17;12 Ethnic Variation in Crime-Related Experiences: A Statistical Comparison of Asian and Black Responses on the British Crime Survey 20012007;260
17.1; Introduction;260
17.2; Background and Literature;261
17.3; Data and Methods;263
17.3.1; Capturing Ethnicity;264
17.3.2; Sample Size Issues;265
17.3.3; Outcome (Dependent) Variables;267
17.4; Analyses;267
17.4.1; Control (Independent) Variables;268
17.5; Findings;268
17.5.1; Victimisation Prevalence;268
17.5.2; Fear of Crime -- Impact on Quality of Life;270
17.5.3; Perceptions of the Criminal Justice System;273
17.6; Conclusions;274
17.7;References;275
18;13 Exploring the Links Between Population Heterogeneity and Perceptions of Social Cohesion in England;278
18.1; Introduction;278
18.2; Data Sources;281
18.2.1; Dependent Variables: Perceptions of Anti-social Behaviour and Collective Efficacy;281
18.2.2; Independent Variables;283
18.3; Methods;287
18.4; Results;290
18.5; Conclusions;292
18.6;References;293
19;14 Ethnic Group Populations: The Components for Projection, Demographic Rates and Trends;297
19.1; Introduction;297
19.2; Ethnic Group Populations;298
19.3; Demographic Components;299
19.3.1; Fertility;299
19.3.2; Mixing;300
19.3.3; Mortality;303
19.3.4; Sub-national Migration;309
19.3.5; International Migration;315
19.4; Conclusions;319
19.5;References;321
20;Index;324