Spohr Towards a Multifunctional Lexical Resource

Design and Implementation of a Graph-based Lexicon Model
1. Auflage 2012
ISBN: 978-3-11-027123-2
Verlag: De Gruyter
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 218 Seiten

Reihe: ISSN

What are the principles according to which lexical data should be represented in order to form a lexical database that can serve as a basis for the construction of several different monofunctional dictionaries? Starting from the notion of lexicographic functions as defined by Henning Bergenholtz and Sven Tarp, this question is approached by analysing how current electronic dictionaries and lexical resource models attempt to satisfy the needs of different types of users in different usage situations, in order to identify general requirements on the model for a lexical resource that aims to be “multifunctional” in the above sense. Based on this analysis, this book explores the use of formalisms developed in the context of the semantic web to approach both general and specific lexicographic questions, in particular the representation of multi-word expressions and their properties and relations. In doing so, this book not only addresses several topics which are of relevance to lexicographers and computational linguists alike, but also supports its claims by providing a prototypical implementation of a multifunctional lexical resource using semantic web formalisms.

Zielgruppe

Sprachwissenschaftler, Computerlinguisten, Lexikologen, Lexikographen, Wörterbuchverlage, Bibliotheken, Institute

Autoren/Hrsg.

Spohr, Dennis

Fachgebiete

• Geisteswissenschaften Sprachwissenschaft Lexikologie, Lexikographie
• Geisteswissenschaften Sprachwissenschaft Semantik & Pragmatik

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Table of contents;6
2;1 Preface;16
3;2 Introduction;18
3.1;2.1 Computational Lexicography;18
3.2;2.2 Function Theory;19
3.2.1;2.2.1 Definition of a Lexicographical Function;19
3.2.2;2.2.2 The Concept of a Leximat;20
3.3;2.3 Multifunctionality;21
3.4;2.4 Objectives and Contributions of this Book;22
4;3 Requirements Analysis and State of the Art;25
4.1;3.1 Requirements Analysis;25
4.1.1;3.1.1 Requirements on the Description;25
4.1.2;3.1.2 Formal and Technical Requirements;28
4.1.3;3.1.3 Multifunctional Requirements;30
4.1.4;3.1.4 Implications on the Design of the MLR;33
4.2;3.2 Overview of the State of the Art;35
4.2.1;3.2.1 Traditional Approaches;36
4.2.2;3.2.2 Recent Computational Lexical Resources and Models;37
4.2.3;3.2.3 Interfaces to Electronic Dictionaries for Human Users;45
4.2.4;3.2.4 Summary;50
5;4 A Graph-based Formalism for Representing Lexical Information;53
5.1;4.1 Brief History of the Semantic Web;53
5.1.1;4.1.1 The World Wide Web;53
5.1.2;4.1.2 Recent Developments;54
5.2;4.2 Formalisms, Query Languages and Tools;55
5.2.1;4.2.1 URIs, IRIs and XML Namespaces;55
5.2.2;4.2.2 XML, DTDs and XML Schema;57
5.2.3;4.2.3 RDF and RDF Schema;59
5.2.4;4.2.4 OWL;60
5.2.5;4.2.5 Rule Languages;66
5.2.6;4.2.6 Query Languages;67
5.2.7;4.2.7 Tools;69
5.2.8;4.2.8 Criticism of the Layer Cake Diagram;72
5.3;4.3 Benefits of Semantic Web Formalisms for Computational Lexicography;72
5.3.1;4.3.1 Types and Restrictions;73
5.3.2;4.3.2 Graph Interpretation and Modularity;73
5.3.3;4.3.3 Underspecification and Inference;74
5.3.4;4.3.4 Consistency Checking and Data Integrity;76
5.3.5;4.3.5 OWL DL and Beyond;78
6;5 Components of the Multifunctional Lexicon Model;80
6.1;5.1 Lexical Entities;81
6.1.1;5.1.1 Lexemes, Forms and Senses;81
6.1.2;5.1.2 Types of Lexemes;84
6.1.3;5.1.3 Lexical Relations;90
6.2;5.2 Descriptive Entities;97
6.2.1;5.2.1 Basic Modelling Decisions;97
6.2.2;5.2.2 Simple Data Categories;99
6.2.3;5.2.3 Form Description;101
6.2.4;5.2.4 Valence Description;101
6.2.5;5.2.5 Illustrative Description;116
6.2.6;5.2.6 Preference Description;117
6.3;5.3 Formalisation in Description Logics;118
6.3.1;5.3.1 Lexical Entities in General;119
6.3.2;5.3.2 Specific Types of Lexemes;121
6.4;5.4 Modelling Lexicographical Functions and NLP Requirements;123
6.4.1;5.4.1 Preliminary Remarks;123
6.4.2;5.4.2 Types of Users and User Situations;124
6.4.3;5.4.3 Access and Presentation Status;125
6.4.4;5.4.4 Labels and Interface Languages;127
6.4.5;5.4.5 Putting Things Together: User Profiles;127
6.4.6;5.4.6 NLP Profiles;138
6.5;5.5 Architecture of the MLR Model;139
6.5.1;5.5.1 Interrelationships between Components of the MLR Model;139
6.5.2;5.5.2 Bilingual and Multilingual Perspectives;140
6.5.3;5.5.3 Metrics of the MLR Model;142
7;6 Towards a Multifunctional Lexical Resource;143
7.1;6.1 Lexicon Compilation;143
7.1.1;6.1.1 Extraction and Unification of Data from Existing Resources;143
7.1.2;6.1.2 Consistency Control;150
7.1.3;6.1.3 Workflow of the Lexicon Compilation Process;156
7.2;6.2 User-oriented Lexicon Access and Presentation;159
7.2.1;6.2.1 Access and Presentation in the Sesame Workbench;159
7.2.2;6.2.2 Access through a Custom Graphical User Interface;161
7.2.3;6.2.3 Function-based Presentation of Lexical Entries;168
7.3;6.3 NLP-oriented Lexicon Access and Data Export;173
7.3.1;6.3.1 Application Programming Interfaces;174
7.3.2;6.3.2 Data Export;177
7.4;6.4 Sketch of an MLR Architecture;180
7.4.1;6.4.1 Basic Components;180
7.4.2;6.4.2 Processing Steps in a Human Usage Scenario;181
8;7 Conclusion and Future Work;183
8.1;7.1 Conclusion;183
8.2;7.2 Further Lines of Research;186
9;8 Deutsche Zusammenfassung;189
10;9 English Summary;196
11;10 Bibliography;202
12;Appendix;212

Über Autor(innen)

Dennis Spohr, University of Bielefeld, Germany.