Buch, Englisch, 640 Seiten, Format (B × H): 204 mm x 254 mm, Gewicht: 1288 g
Buch, Englisch, 640 Seiten, Format (B × H): 204 mm x 254 mm, Gewicht: 1288 g
ISBN: 978-0-19-976484-6
Verlag: OUP USA
Introducing Philosophy: A Text with Integrated Readings, Tenth Edition is a thorough introduction to the core problems of philosophy, including explanations and background by the authors along with generous excerpts from the philosophers under discussion. Organized topically, the chapters present alternative perspectives-including analytic, continental, feminist, and non-Western viewpoints-alongside the historical works of major philosophers. The text provides the course materials that allow instructors and students to focus on a variety of philosophical problems and perspectives. Spanning 2,500 years, the selections range from the oldest known fragments to cutting-edge contemporary essays. They include work by a multitude of prominent thinkers, from Plato, Confucius, Rene Descartes, and Immanuel Kant to Sigmund Freud, Albert Einstein, Malcolm X, and Martin Luther King, Jr. For the Tenth Edition, authors Clancy Martin and Kathleen M. Higgins have judiciously revised the collection of readings and the author commentary to make it even more accessible for students.
Introducing Philosophy incorporates numerous pedagogical features, including 100+ brief profiles of philosophers interspersed throughout the text; key philosophical terms, boldfaced in the text and collected at the end of each chapter; marginal quotations from the featured readings; questions at the end of each subsection; and a glossary at the end of the book. Each chapter ends with discussion questions, a summary, and a bibliography with suggestions for further reading.
Autoren/Hrsg.
Weitere Infos & Material
- List of Philosopher Biographies
- Preface
- Timeline
- INTRODUCTION
- A. Socrates
- Aristophanes, from The Clouds
- Plato, from The Apology
- Plato, from The Crito
- Plato, from The Phaedo
- Plato, from The Republic
- B. What Is Philosophy?
- Plato, from The Apology
- Karl Jaspers, from "The 'Axial Period'"
- Laozi, from Tao Te Ching
- C. A Modern Approach to Philosophy
- René Descartes, from Discourse on Method
- D. A Brief Introduction to Logic
- Key Terms
- Bibliography and Further Reading
- PART ONE: THE WORLD AND BEYOND
-
- A. What Is Religion?
- John Wisdom, from "Gods"
- Albert Einstein, on the Design of the Universe
- Keiji Nishitani, from "What Is Religion?"
- B. The Western Religions
- C. Proving God: The Ontological Argument
- St. Anselm, on the Ontological Argument
- René Descartes, on the Ontological Argument
- Immanuel Kant, Against the Ontological Argument
- D. God as Creator: Intelligence and Design
- St. Thomas Aquinas, on the Cosmological Argument
- William Paley, "The Teleological Argument"
- St. Thomas Aquinas, on the "Fifth Way"
- David Hume, from Dialogues on Natural Religion
- E. Religion, Morality, and Evil
- Immanuel Kant, on God and Morality
- William James, from "The Will to Believe"
- St. Augustine, from Confessions
- From Bhagavadg?t?
- F. Beyond Reason: Faith and Irrationality
- Mohammad al-Ghazali, from The Deliverance from Error
- Søren Kierkegaard, on Subjective Truth
- Paul Tillich, on the Ultimate Concern
- G. Doubts about Religion
- Fyodor Dostoyevski, from The Brothers Karamazov
- Karl Marx, from Critique of Hegel' Philosophy of Right
- Friedrich Nietzsche, from Beyond Good and Evil
- Friedrich Nietzsche, from The Antichrist
- Friedrich Nietzsche, from The Gay Science
- Sigmund Freud, from The Future of an Illusion
- Summary and Conclusion
- Chapter Review Questions
- Key Terms
- Bibliography and Further Reading
-
- A. "The Way the World Really Is"
- Aristotle, from Metaphysic
- B. The First Greek Philosophers
- Parmenides, from Fragments
- C. Ultimate Reality in the East: India, Persia, and China
- From Upanishads
- From Zend-Avesta
- Confucius, from The Analects
- Laozi, from Dao-De-Jing
- Buddha, from "Fire-Sermon"
- D. Two Kinds of Metaphysics: Plato and Aristotle
- Plato, from The Symposium
- Plato, from The Republic
- Plato, from The Meno
- Aristotle, from Metaphysics
- Aristotle, from Physics
- Aristotle, from Metaphysics
- E. Modern Metaphysics
- René Descartes, on Substance
- René Descartes, from "Meditation VI"
- John Locke, From An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
- Benedictus de Spinoza, from Ethics
- Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz, from Monadology
- Martin Heidegger, from "The Fundamental Questions of Metaphysics"
- Summary and Conclusion
- Chapter Review Questions
- Key Terms
- Bibliography and Further Reading
-
- Bertrand Russell, from The Problems of Philosophy
- Plato, from Theatetus
- A. The Rationalist's Confidence: Descartes
- René Descartes, from "Meditation I"
- René Descartes, from "Meditation II"
- René Descartes, from "Meditation VI"
- B. Innate Ideas Concerning Human Understanding: John Locke
- John Locke, from An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
- Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz, from New Essays on Human Understanding
- C. Two Empiricist Theories of Knowledge
- John Locke, from An Essay Concerning Human Understanding
- Bishop George Berkeley, from Treatise Concerning thePrinciples of Human Knowledge
- D. The Congenial Skeptic: David Hume
- David Hume, from A Treatise of Human Nature
- David Hume, from An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
- E. Kant's Revolution
- Immanuel Kant, from The Critique of Pure Reason
- Immanuel Kant, from Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics
- F. The Battle in Europe After Kant: Relativism and Absolutism
- G. W. F. Hegel, from The Phenomenology of Spirit
- G. W. F. Hegel, from Reason in History
- Arthur Schopenhauer, from The World as Will and Representation
- Friedrich Nietzsche, on Truth
- G. Phenomenology
- Edmund Husserl, from "Philosophy as Rigorous Science"
- Edmund Husserl, from The 1929 Paris Lectures
- H. Hermeneutics and Pragmatism: Relativism Reconsidered
- Richard Rorty, from "Solidarity or Objectivity?"
- IsamuNagami, from "Cultural Gaps: Why Do We Misunderstand?"
- I. The Analytic Turn
- Bertrand Russell, from The Problem of Philosophy
- W. O. Quine, from "Epistemology Naturalized"
- J. Feminist Epistemology
- Elizabeth Grosz, on Feminist Knowledge
- Uma Narayan, on Feminist Epistemology
- Summary and Conclusion
- Chapter Review Questions
- Key Terms
- Bibliography and Further Reading
- PART TWO: KNOW THYSELF
-
- A. Consciousness and the Self: From Descartes to Kant
- René Descartes, from "Meditation VI"
- John Locke, on Personal Identity
- David Hume, on "There Is No Self"
- Immanuel Kant, Against the Soul
- Meredith Michaels, on "Personal Identity"
- B. Existentialism: Self-Identity and the Responsibility of Choice
- Jean-Paul Sartre, on Existentialism
- Jean-Paul Sartre, on Bad Faith
- Jean-Paul Sartre, from No Exit
- C. The Individual and the Community
- Søren Kierkegaard, on "The Public"
- Søren Kierkegaard, on Self and Passion
- Martin Heidegger, on "Dasein" and the "They"
- Malcolm X, on Being "African"
- Malcolm X, from "At the Audubon"
- Sherry Ortner, from "Is Female to Male as Nature Is to Culture?"
- Ann Ferguson, on Androgyny
- D. One Self? Any Self? Questioning the Concept of Personal "Essence"
- Hermann Hesse, from Steppenwolf
- Luce Irigaray, from This Sex Which Is Not One
- Genevieve Lloyd, from "The Man of Reason"
- From The Dhammapada
- Laozi, from Dao-De-Jing
- Summary and Conclusion
- Chapter Review Questions
- Key Terms
- Bibliography and Further Reading
-
- A. What Is Consciousness?
- René Descartes, from "Meditation VI"
- René Descartes, from "Meditation III"
- B. The Problem of Dualism
- René Descartes, from "The Passions of the Soul"
- C. The Rejection of Dualism
- Gilbert Ryle, from The Concept of Mind
- J. J. C. Smart, from "Sensations and Brain Processes"
- Jerome Shaffer, Against the Identity Theory
- Paul M. Churchland, on Eliminative Materialism
- David Braddon-Mitchell and Frank Jackson, from Philosophy of Mind and Cognition
- John R. Searle, from "The Myth of the Computer"
- John R. Searle, from Minds, Brains, and Science
- D. The Problem of Consciousness
- Sigmund Freud, on the "Unconscious"
- Thomas Nagel, from Mortal Questions
- Colin McGinn, on "The Mystery of Consciousness"
- Aristotle, from De Anima
- Galen Strawson, on "Cognitive Experience"
- William James, from "Does Consciousness Exist?"
- Friedrich Nietzsche, on the "Genius of the Species"
- Summary and Conclusion
- Chapter Review Questions
- Key Terms
- Bibliography and Further Reading
-
- A. Fatalism and Karma
- Sophocles, from Oedipus the King
- Keiji Nishitani, on Fate
- B. Predestination
- St. Augustine, from On Free Choice of the Will
- Mohammad Iqbal, from The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam
- Jacqueline Trimier, on the Yoruba Ori
- Jonathan Edwards, from "Freedom of the Will"
- C. Determinism 402
- Baron Paul Henri d'Holbach, from System of Nature
- Daniel Dennett, from Elbow Room
- Robert Kane, on Indeterminism
- John Stuart Mill, on Causation and Necessity
- David Hume, on Causation and Character
- Robert Kane, on "Wiggle Room"
- Harry Frankfurt, from "Freedom of the Will and the Concept of a Person"
- D. Compulsion and Ignorance
- Aristotle, on Voluntary Action
- Judith Orr, "Sex, Ignorance, and Freedom"
- John Hospers, from "What Means This Freedom?"
- B. F. Skinner, Beyond Freedom
- B. F. Skinner, from Walden Two
- Robert Kane, Beyond Skinner
- Anthony Burgess, from A Clockwork Orange
- Catherine MacKinnon, on Coercion of Women's Sexuality
- E. Freedom in Practice 441
- F. Radical Freedom: Existentialism
- Jean-Paul Sartre, on "Absolute Freedom"
- FyodorDostoyevski, from "The Most Advantageous Advantage"
- Thich Nhat Hanh, from "Turning on the Television"
- Summary and Conclusion
- Chapter Review Questions
- Key Terms
- Bibliography and Further Reading
- PART THREE: THE GOOD AND THE RIGHT
-
- A. Morality
- B. Is Morality Relative?
- Gilbert Harman, from "Moral Relativism Defended"
- St. Thomas Aquinas, from the Summa Theologica
- John Corvino, from Same Sex: Debating the Ethics, Science, and Culture of Homosexuality
- C. Egoism and Altruism
- Plato, from The Republic
- D. Are We Naturally Selfish? A Debate
- Mencius, on Human Nature: Man Is Good
- Xunzi, from "Human Nature Is Evil"
- Joseph Butler, Against Egoism
- E. Morality as Virtue: Aristotle
- Aristotle, from The Nicomachean Ethics
- F. Morality and Sentiment: Hume and Rousseau
- David Hume, on "Reason as Slave of the Passions"
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau, from Emile
- G. Morality and Practical Reason: Kant
- Immanuel Kant, from Fundamental Principles of theMetaphysics of Morals
- H. Utilitarianism
- Jeremy Bentham, from An Introduction to the Principles ofMorals and Legislation
- John Stuart Mill, from Utilitarianism
- I. The Creation of Morality: Nietzsche and Existentialism
- Friedrich Nietzsche, on "Morality as Herd-Instinct"
- Friedrich Nietzsche, on "Master and Slave Morality"
- Jean-Paul Sartre, from Existentialism as a Humanism
- J. Pragmatism in Ethics
- John Dewey, from The Quest for Certainty
- K. Ethics and Gender
- Virginia Held, on Feminist Ethics
- Summary and Conclusion
- Chapter Review Questions
- Key Terms
- Bibliography and Further Reading
-
- A. The Problem of Justice
- B. Two Ancient Theories of Justice: Plato and Aristotle
- Plato, from The Republic
- Aristotle, from The Nicomachean Ethics
- C. Two Modern Theories of Justice: Hume and Mill on Utility and Rights
- David Hume, on "Justice and Utility"
- John Stuart Mill, from Utilitarianism
- D. The Social Contract
- Thomas Hobbes, from Leviathan
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau, from The Social Contract
- Thomas Jefferson et al., from The Declaration of Independence
- E. Fairness and Entitlement
- John Rawls, from "Justice as Fairness"
- Robert Nozick, from Anarchy, State, and Utopia
- F. Justice or Care: A Feminist Perspective
- Cheshire Calhoun, from "Justice, Care, Gender Bias"
- G. Individual Rights and Freedom
- John Locke, from The Second Treatise on Government
- John Stuart Mill, from On Liberty
- Malcom X, on Civil and Human Rights
- Amarta Sen, from "Property and Hunger"
- H. Fighting for Rights and Justice: Civil Disobedience
- Henry David Thoreau, on "Civil Disobedience"
- Martin Luther King, Jr., "Letter from Birmingham Jail"
- Summary and Conclusion
- Chapter Review Questions
- Key Terms
- Bibliography and Further Reading
- Glossary
- Index
