Shaw Reactor Operation

1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4831-4670-6
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 280 Seiten, Web PDF

Reactor Operation covers the theoretical aspects and design information of nuclear reactors. This book is composed of nine chapters that also consider their control, calibration, and experimentation. The opening chapters present the general problems of reactor operation and the principles of reactor control and operation. The succeeding chapters deal with the instrumentation, start-up, pre-commissioning, and physical experiments of nuclear reactors. The remaining chapters are devoted to the control rod calibrations and temperature coefficient measurements in the reactor. These chapters also explore the fuel leak detection and fuel movement in the nuclear reactor. This book will prove useful to nuclear engineers, physicists, and undergraduate and postgraduate students.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Shaw, J.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Reactor Operation;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;Preface;10
6;CHAPTER 1. General Problems of Reactor Operation;12
6.1;1.1. INTRODUCTION;12
6.2;1.2. AIMS OF REACTOR OPERATION;14
6.3;1.3. ADMINISTRATION AND ORGANISATION;16
6.4;1.4. SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS;18
6.5;1.5. MAXIMUM CREDIBLE ACCIDENTS;20
6.6;1.6. SITING REQUIREMENTS;22
6.7;1.7. RULES AND LICENSING CONDITIONS;28
6.8;REFERENCES;31
7;CHAPTER 2. Principles of Control and Operation;33
7.1;2.1. METHODS OF CONTROL;35
7.2;2.2. RANGE OF CONTROL;38
7.3;2.3. EFFECTIVENESS OF CONTROL ABSORBERS;41
7.4;2.4. FLUX SHAPING;45
7.5;2.5. TYPES OF CONTROL RODS;47
7.6;2.6. THE EFFECTS OF CONTROL ROD WITHDRAWAL;49
7.7;2.7. FUNCTIONS OF OPERATORS;52
7.8;2.8. LAYOUT OF CONTROL DESKS;52
7.9;2.9. WARNINGS AND EMERGENCIES;55
7.10;2.10. INTERLOCKS;60
7.11;2.11. SAFETY LINES;60
7.12;REFERENCES;62
8;CHAPTER 3. Nuclear Instrumentation;63
8.1;3.1. GENERAL PRINCIPLES;63
8.2;3.2. RANGE OF MEASUREMENT;64
8.3;3.3. POSITIONING OF INSTRUMENTS;65
8.4;3.4. USE OF A NEUTRON SOURCE;67
8.5;3.5. USE OF LEAD- SHIELDED IONISATION CHAMBERS;71
8.6;3.6. TYPES OF INSTRUMENT FOR NEUTRON MEASUREMENT;71
8.7;3.7. INSTRUMENTS ASSOCIATED WITH IONISATION CHAMBERS AND PULSE COUNTERS;76
8.8;3.8. TYPICAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR REACTOR POWER INSTRUMENTATION;81
8.9;REFERENCES;85
9;CHAPTER 4. Reactor Start-up;87
9.1;4.1. REACTOR START-UP SEQUENCE;87
9.2;4.2. TYPICAL START-UP SEQUENCE FOR A GAS-COOLED REACTOR;91
9.3;4.3. THE IMPORTANCE OF A DUMP CONDENSER;92
9.4;4.4. OVERALL STATION CONTROL8 ;93
9.5;4.5. OVERALL CONTROL OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF REACTOR;95
9.6;4.6. PROCEDURE FOR THE START-UP OF A GAS-COOLED NUCLEAR POWER STATION;100
9.7;REFERENCES;108
10;CHAPTER 5. Pre-Nuclear Commissioning;109
10.1;5.1. MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL TESTS;110
10.2;5.2. COOLANT FLOW TESTS;111
10.3;5.3. GAS DISCHARGE FROM STACKS;116
10.4;REFERENCES;125
11;CHAPTER 6. Reactor Physics Experiments;127
11.1;6.1. LOADING TO CRITICALITY;128
11.2;6.2. SAFETY ASPECTS OF AN APPROACH TO CRITICALITY;139
11.3;6.3. REACTOR PARAMETER MEASUREMENTS;140
11.4;6.4. THE ESTIMATION OF keff FOR THE FULLY LOADED REACTOR FROM "JUST CRITICAL" MEASUREMENTS;167
11.5;6.5. LOADING TO FULL SIZE;170
11.6;REFERENCES;171
12;CHAPTER 7. Control Rod Calibrations and Temperature Coefficient Measurements;173
12.1;7.1. DOUBLING TIME METHOD;175
12.2;7.2. INTERCALIBRATION METHOD;177
12.3;7.3. ROD DROP TECHNIQUE;178
12.4;7.4. SOURCE JERK METHOD;182
12.5;7.5. ROD OSCILLATOR TECHNIQUE;183
12.6;7.6. PULSED NEUTRON SOURCE TECHNIQUE;185
12.7;7.7. DISTRIBUTED POISON METHOD;187
12.8;7.8. THE MEASUREMENT OF SHUT-DOWN CAPACITY;190
12.9;7.9. TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT MEASUREMENTS;196
12.10;REFERENCES;200
13;CHAPTER 8. Fuel Element Leak Detection and Fuel Movement;201
13.1;8.1. INTRODUCTION;201
13.2;8.2. DETECTION BY FISSION PRODUCT GAMMA ACTIVITY;204
13.3;8.3. DETECTION BY DELAYED NEUTRON EMISSION;205
13.4;8.4. DETECTION BY BETA EMISSION;206
13.5;8.5. DETECTION BY GASEOUS FISSION PRODUCT ACTIVITY;206
13.6;8.6 THE WIRE PRECIPITATOR METHOD;208
13.7;8.7. FUEL MOVEMENT;223
13.8;REFERENCES;228
14;CHAPTER 9. Operation at Power;230
14.1;9.1. INTRODUCTION;230
14.2;9.2. TEMPERATURE SURVEYS AND TEMPERATURE ASSESSMENT;231
14.3;9.3. OPERATIONAL FLUX PLOTS;240
14.4;9.4. REACTOR HEAT BALANCE;244
14.5;9.5. XENON POISONING;246
14.6;9.6. REACTIVITY EFFECTS DUE TO LONG-TERM CHANGES;255
14.7;9.7. REACTIVITY BALANCE;259
14.8;9.8. TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENTS;263
14.9;9.9. CONTROL ROD CALIBRATIONS AT POWER;273
14.10;REFERENCES;274
15;Index;276