Shah Social Information Seeking

Leveraging the Wisdom of the Crowd
1. Auflage 2017
ISBN: 978-3-319-56756-3
Verlag: Springer Nature Switzerland
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 38, 195 Seiten

Reihe: The Information Retrieval Series

This volume summarizes the author's work on social information seeking (SIS), and at the same time serves as an introduction to the topic. Sometimes also referred to as social search or social information retrieval, this is a relatively new area of study concerned with the seeking and acquiring of information from social spaces on the Internet. It involves studying situations, motivations, and methods involved in seeking and sharing of information in participatory online social sites, such as Yahoo! Answers, WikiAnswers, and Twitter, as well as building systems for supporting such activities.The first part of the book introduces various foundational concepts, including information seeking, social media, and social networking. As such it provides the necessary basis to then discuss how those aspects could intertwine in different ways to create methods, tools, and opportunities for supporting and leveraging SIS. Next, Part II discusses the social dimension and primarily examines the online question-answering activity. Part III then emphasizes the collaborative aspect of information seeking, and examines what happens when social and collaborative dimensions are considered together. Lastly, Part IV provides a synthesis by consolidating methods, systems, and evaluation techniques related to social and collaborative information seeking. The book is completed by a list of challenges and opportunities for both theoretical and practical SIS work.The book is intended mainly for researchers and graduate students looking for an introduction to this new field, as well as developers and system designers interested in building interactive information retrieval systems or social/community-driven interfaces.

?Chirag Shah is Associate Professor of Information and Computer Science at Rutgers University. His research interests include studies of interactive information retrieval/seeking, especially those involving social and collaborative aspects. He has published extensively on these topics, and received several grants and awards for his work. His research falls under and uniquely connects computer science, data science, and information science.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Shah, Chirag

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Foreword;7
1.1;References;9
2;Preface;10
3;Acknowledgments;12
4;Contents;14
5;List of Figures;18
6;List of Tables;21
7;Acronyms;22
8;Part I Foundation;24
8.1;1 Introduction;25
8.1.1;1.1 Introduction;25
8.1.2;1.2 Defining and Situating SIS;27
8.1.3;1.3 SIS Activities and Applications;29
8.1.4;1.4 Relation to CIS and Previous Works;30
8.1.5;1.5 Organization of This Book;31
8.1.6;References;33
8.2;2 Information Seeking;35
8.2.1;2.1 Introduction;35
8.2.2;2.2 Foundational Models;37
8.2.2.1;2.2.1 Dervin;37
8.2.2.2;2.2.2 Belkin;38
8.2.2.3;2.2.3 Ellis;39
8.2.2.4;2.2.4 Wilson;39
8.2.2.5;2.2.5 Kuhlthau;40
8.2.2.6;2.2.6 Westbrook;41
8.2.2.7;2.2.7 Marchionini;42
8.2.3;2.3 Models Built on Foundational Models;43
8.2.3.1;2.3.1 Expanded ISP;44
8.2.3.2;2.3.2 Information Seeking and Communication;45
8.2.3.3;2.3.3 Mediated Information Retrieval;45
8.2.3.4;2.3.4 Emerging Concepts: Sense-Making and Multi-Session IR;46
8.2.4;2.4 Summary;48
8.2.5;References;48
8.3;3 Social Media and Social Networking;50
8.3.1;3.1 Introduction;50
8.3.2;3.2 Social Media;51
8.3.3;3.3 Social Networking;53
8.3.4;3.4 Privacy;54
8.3.5;3.5 Identity Construction and Making Impressions;55
8.3.6;3.6 Communication via Social Media Platforms;56
8.3.7;3.7 Social Capital;57
8.3.8;3.8 Knowledge Sharing;58
8.3.9;3.9 Access and Digital Inequality;59
8.3.10;3.10 Summary;60
8.3.11;References;61
9;Part II Social Dimension of Information Seeking;64
9.1;4 Online Question-Answering (Q&A);65
9.1.1;4.1 Introduction;65
9.1.2;4.2 Types of Online Q&A;66
9.1.2.1;4.2.1 Community Q&A (CQA);70
9.1.2.2;4.2.2 Collaborative Q&A;73
9.1.2.3;4.2.3 Expert-Based Q&A;73
9.1.2.4;4.2.4 Social Q&A (SQA);76
9.1.3;4.3 Comparing Various Q&A Models;78
9.1.4;4.4 Content in Online Q&A;79
9.1.4.1;4.4.1 Questions;80
9.1.4.2;4.4.2 Answers;81
9.1.5;4.5 Users in Online Q&A;83
9.1.5.1;4.5.1 Askers;83
9.1.5.2;4.5.2 Answerers;84
9.1.5.3;4.5.3 Balance of Askers-Answerers;86
9.1.5.4;4.5.4 Special Users;88
9.1.6;4.6 Summary;90
9.1.7;References;91
9.2;5 Social Search;95
9.2.1;5.1 Introduction;95
9.2.2;5.2 Defining Social Search;96
9.2.3;5.3 Social Search Theories;98
9.2.3.1;5.3.1 An Early Model;98
9.2.3.2;5.3.2 Information-Driven Motivation;99
9.2.3.3;5.3.3 Cognitive Motivation;100
9.2.3.4;5.3.4 Collaborative Search;101
9.2.4;5.4 Social Search Technology;103
9.2.4.1;5.4.1 Statistical Analyses;104
9.2.4.2;5.4.2 Social Annotations and Bookmarking;105
9.2.5;5.5 Co-browsing or Collaborative Navigation;106
9.2.6;5.6 Summary;108
9.2.7;References;108
10;Part III Collaborative Dimension of Information Seeking;111
10.1;6 Collaborative Information Seeking;112
10.1.1;6.1 Introduction;112
10.1.1.1;6.1.1 Collaboration to Help Information Seeking;113
10.1.1.2;6.1.2 Information Seeking to Help Collaboration;113
10.1.2;6.2 Defining and Situating Collaboration;114
10.1.2.1;6.2.1 Terms and Terminology Concerning Collaboration;115
10.1.2.2;6.2.2 Limitations of Collaboration;116
10.1.2.3;6.2.3 Collaboration in the Context of Information-Intensive Tasks;118
10.1.3;6.3 Collaborative Information Seeking in Context;119
10.1.3.1;6.3.1 Collaborative Information Retrieval (CIR)and Co-search;123
10.1.4;6.4 Frameworks and Models for CIS;125
10.1.4.1;6.4.1 Space and Time Aspects of CIS;125
10.1.4.2;6.4.2 Control, Communication, and Awareness in a CIS Environment;126
10.1.4.2.1;6.4.2.1 Control;126
10.1.4.2.2;6.4.2.2 Communication;127
10.1.4.2.3;6.4.2.3 Awareness;128
10.1.4.3;6.4.3 Materializing Control, Communication, and Awareness;129
10.1.4.4;6.4.4 Nature and Level of Mediation;130
10.1.4.4.1;6.4.4.1 System/Algorithmically Mediated Collaboration;130
10.1.4.4.2;6.4.4.2 User/Interface-Mediated Collaboration;131
10.1.5;6.5 Summary;131
10.1.6;References;132
10.2;7 Social and Collaborative Information Seeking;136
10.2.1;7.1 Introduction;136
10.2.2;7.2 Background;138
10.2.3;7.3 Current State of SCIS Research;141
10.2.4;7.4 Research and Development Trajectory for SCIS;142
10.2.4.1;7.4.1 Methodological Issues and Challenges;142
10.2.4.2;7.4.2 Studying SCIS in Specific Domains;143
10.2.4.2.1;7.4.2.1 SCIS Support for Education;144
10.2.4.2.2;7.4.2.2 SCIS Support for Health Information Seeking;144
10.2.4.2.3;7.4.2.3 SCIS Support for Cross-Language Information Retrieval;145
10.2.4.2.4;7.4.2.4 SCIS Support for E-Discovery;145
10.2.4.2.5;7.4.2.5 SCIS Support for Other Domains;145
10.2.4.2.6;7.4.2.6 Cross-Disciplinary Research;146
10.2.5;7.5 Summary;146
10.2.6;References;147
11;Part IV Current State and Future Directions;150
11.1;8 SIS in Research and Practice;151
11.1.1;8.1 Introduction;151
11.1.2;8.2 Studying SIS;152
11.1.2.1;8.2.1 Direct Observation;152
11.1.2.2;8.2.2 Interviews;153
11.1.2.3;8.2.3 Content Analysis;154
11.1.2.4;8.2.4 Mixed Methods;155
11.1.3;8.3 Evaluating SIS;155
11.1.3.1;8.3.1 Evaluating Usability with User Studies;156
11.1.3.2;8.3.2 System-Based Training-Testing;157
11.1.3.3;8.3.3 Qualitative Evaluation;157
11.1.3.4;8.3.4 Task- or Application-Based Evaluation;158
11.1.4;8.4 SIS Products and Services;158
11.1.4.1;8.4.1 Face-to-Face Communication;159
11.1.4.2;8.4.2 Computer-Mediated Communication;160
11.1.4.3;8.4.3 Peer-Driven Services;160
11.1.4.4;8.4.4 Expert-Driven Services;161
11.1.4.5;8.4.5 Social Live Streaming Services;162
11.1.5;8.5 Summary;163
11.1.6;References;164
11.2;9 Conclusion;167
11.2.1;9.1 Introduction;167
11.2.2;9.2 Synthesis Frameworks with Social and CollaborativeDimensions;168
11.2.2.1;9.2.1 Intent;169
11.2.2.2;9.2.2 Activeness;172
11.2.2.3;9.2.3 Concurrency (Time);172
11.2.2.4;9.2.4 Location (Space);172
11.2.2.5;9.2.5 Role/Mediation of System and User;172
11.2.2.6;9.2.6 Level of Awareness;173
11.2.2.7;9.2.7 Level of Interaction;173
11.2.2.8;9.2.8 Amount of Communication;173
11.2.2.9;9.2.9 User Roles;174
11.2.2.10;9.2.10 Strength of the Connection;174
11.2.2.11;9.2.11 Balance of Benefits;174
11.2.2.12;9.2.12 Usage of Information;175
11.2.3;9.3 Opportunities and Challenges in SIS;175
11.2.3.1;9.3.1 Theoretical Issues;175
11.2.3.2;9.3.2 Experimental and Practical Issues;179
11.2.4;References;181
12;A Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC);183
12.1;A.1 Social Presence Theory;183
12.2;A.2 Media Richness Theory;184
12.3;A.3 Social Information Processing (SIP) Theory;185
12.4;A.4 Social Identification/De-Individuation (SIDE) Theory;186
12.5;A.5 Hyperpersonal Communication Model;186
12.6;A.6 Summary;187
12.7;References;187
13;Glossary;189
14;Index;193