Seymour / Tucker / Poole The Molecular Biology and Biochemistry of Fruit Ripening

1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-118-59298-4
Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 240 Seiten, E-Book

A comprehensive and mechanistic perspective on fruitripening, emphasizing commonalities and differences betweenfruit groups and ripening processes.
Fruits are an essential part of the human diet and containimportant phytochemicals that provide protection against heartdisease and cancers. Fruit ripening is of importance for humanhealth and for industry-based strategies to harness naturalvariation, or genetic modification, for crop improvement.
This book covers recent advances in the field of plant genomicsand how these discoveries can be exploited to understandevolutionary processes and the complex network of hormonal andgenetic control of ripening. The book explains the physiochemicaland molecular changes in fruit that impact its quality, and recentdevelopments in understanding of the genetic, molecular andbiochemical basis for colour, flavour and texture. It is a valuableresource for plant and crop researchers and professionals,agricultural engineers, horticulturists, and food scientists.
Summary:
* Reviews the physiochemical and molecular changes in fruitwhich impact flavour, texture, and colour
* Covers recent advances in genomics on the genetic,molecular, and biochemical basis of fruit quality
* Integrates information on both hormonal and geneticcontrol of ripening
* Relevant for basic researchers and applied scientists

Autoren/Hrsg.

Seymour, Graham

Tucker, Gregory A.

Poole, Mervin

Giovannoni, James

Inhaltsverzeichnis

List of Contributors ix
Preface xi
Chapter 1 Biochemistry of Fruit Ripening 1
Sonia Osorio and Alisdair R. Fernie
Introduction 1
Central Carbon Metabolism 4
Ethylene in Ripening 7
Polyamines 9
Volatiles 10
Cell Wall Metabolism 11
Concluding Remarks 13
References 13
Chapter 2 Fruit--An Angiosperm Innovation 21
Sandra Knapp and Amy Litt
Introduction 21
Fruit in the Fossil Record 30
Fruit Variation and Angiosperm Phylogeny 32
Fruit Development 33
Fruit as a Driver of Angiosperm Diversity 36
Acknowledgments 38
References 38
Chapter 3 Ethylene and the Control of Fruit Ripening43
Don Grierson
Introduction 43
Ethylene and Climacteric and Nonclimacteric Fruits 46
A Molecular Explanation for System-1 and System-2 Ethylene48
Ethylene and Ripening Gene Networks in Flower and FruitDevelopment 53
Ethylene Perception and Signaling 54
Ethylene Response Factors 60
Ethylene and Ripening Gene Expression 60
Conclusions 67
Acknowledgments 68
References 68
Chapter 4 Carotenoid Biosynthesis and Chlorophyll Degradation75
Peter M. Bramley
Introduction 75
Distribution of Carotenoids and Chlorophylls in Fruit 75
Chlorophyll Degradation and Recycling 78
Carotenoids and Carotenoid Metabolites 82
Future Perspectives 100
Acknowledgments 102
Bibliography 102
Chapter 5 Phenylpropanoid Metabolism and Biosynthesis ofAnthocyanins 117
Laura Jaakola
Introduction 117
Cinnamic Acids 119
Monolignols, Lignans, and Lignin 120
Coumarins 120
Stilbenoids 122
Flavonoids 122
Engineering Elevated Levels of Flavonoids and OtherPhenylpropanoids 128
Conclusion 129
References 129
Chapter 6 Biosynthesis of Volatile Compounds 135
Antonio Granell and Jos´e Luis Rambla
Introduction 135
Metabolic Pathways 136
Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Volatiles 152
Metabolic Engineering of the Fruit Volatile Pathways 153
Future Perspectives 154
References 155
Chapter 7 Cell Wall Architecture and Metabolism in RipeningFruit and the Complex Relationship with Softening 163
Eliel Ruiz-May and Jocelyn K.C. Rose
Introduction 163
Building Blocks of Fruit Cell Walls 164
The Architecture of Fruit Cell Walls 168
Cell Wall Dynamics in Ripening Fruit 171
The Cuticular Cell Wall and Fruit Softening 177
Summary 179
Acknowledgments 180
References 180
Chapter 8 Regulatory Networks Controlling Ripening189
Betsy Ampopho, Natalie Chapman, Graham B. Seymour, and James J.Giovannoni
Hormonal Control 189
Genetic Networks 191
Epigenetic Regulation 200
References 201
Index 207

Über Autor(innen)

Graham B. Seymour is Professor of Plant Biotechnology andHead of the Plant and Crop Science Division at The University ofNottingham, UK.
Mervin Poole is Section Manager at Campden BRI - the UK'slargest independent membership-based organization carrying outresearch and development for the food and drinks industryworldwide.
James J. Giovannoni is a Research Molecular Biologist forthe United States Department of Agriculture, Professor at theBoyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research and Adjunct Professorof Plant Biology at Cornell University, USA.
Gregory A. Tucker is Professor of Plant Biochemistry andAssociate Dean (Science) at The University of Nottingham, UK.