Sen Gupta Embedded Microcontroller Interfacing

Designing Integrated Projects
1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-3-642-13636-8
Verlag: Springer
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 65, 250 Seiten

Reihe: Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

Mixed-Signal Embedded Microcontrollers are commonly used in integrating analog components needed to control non-digital electronic systems. They are used in automatically controlled devices and products, such as automobile engine control systems, wireless remote controllers, office machines, home appliances, power tools, and toys. Microcontrollers make it economical to digitally control even more devices and processes by reducing the size and cost, compared to a design that uses a separate microprocessor, memory, and input/output devices. In many undergraduate and post-graduate courses, teaching of mixed-signal microcontrollers and their use for project work has become compulsory. Students face a lot of difficulties when they have to interface a microcontroller with the electronics they deal with. This book addresses some issues of interfacing the microcontrollers and describes some project implementations with the Silicon Lab C8051F020 mixed-signal microcontroller. The intended readers are college and university students specializing in electronics, computer systems engineering, electrical and electronics engineering; researchers involved with electronics based system, practitioners, technicians and in general anybody interested in microcontrollers based projects.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Sen Gupta, Gourab

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;5
2;Contents;8
3;Operational Amplifier and Analog Signal Processing Circuits: A Revision;13
3.1;Introduction;13
3.2;Voltage Follower Circuit;14
3.3;Inverting Amplifier;15
3.4;Sign Changer;15
3.5;Phase Shifter;16
3.6;Inverting Summing Amplifier;16
3.7;Non-inverting Amplifier;16
3.8;Non-inverting Summing Amplifier;17
3.9;Difference Amplifier;18
3.10;Current to Voltage (I-V) Converter;19
3.11;Integrator;19
3.12;Differentiator;21
3.13;Comparators and Schmitt Triggers;21
3.14;Logarithmic Amplifier;23
3.15;Exponential Amplifier;25
3.16;Single-Pole Filters;25
3.17;Double-Pole Filters;27
3.18;Band-Pass and Band-Stop Filters;28
3.19;Oscillator Circuits;30
4;Introduction to Silicon Labs C8051F020 Microcontroller;32
4.1;Introduction;32
4.2;CIP-51;32
4.3;C8051F020 System Overview;33
4.4;Memory Organization;35
4.4.1;Program Memory;35
4.4.2;Data Memory;36
4.4.3;Stack;36
4.4.4;Special Function Registers (SFRs);37
4.5;I/O Ports and Crossbar;38
4.6;12-Bit Analog to Digital Converter;39
4.7;8-Bit Analog to Digital Converter;40
4.8;Digital to Analog Converters;41
4.9;Analog Voltage Comparators;43
4.9.1;Enable/Disable Comparator;44
4.9.2;Programmable Hysteresis;44
4.9.3;Comparator Output and Interrupt;45
4.10;Voltage Reference;46
4.10.1;REF0CN: Reference Control Register;47
4.11;Programmable Counter Array (PCA);48
4.11.1;PCA Counter/Timer and Timebase Selection;49
4.11.2;Operation Modes and Interrupts;50
4.11.3;Edge-Triggered Capture Mode;52
4.11.4;Software Timer (Compare) Mode;53
4.11.5;High Speed Output Mode;53
4.11.6;Frequency Output Mode;54
4.11.7;8-Bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode;55
4.11.8;16-Bit Pulse Width Modulator Mode;57
5;C Programming for Silabs C8051F020 Microcontroller;59
5.1;Introduction;59
5.2;Register Definitions, Initialization and Startup Code;59
5.3;Basic C Program Structure;60
5.4;Programming Memory Models;60
5.4.1;Overriding the Default Memory Model;61
5.4.2;Bit-Valued Data;62
5.4.3;Special Function Registers;62
5.4.4;Locating Variables at Absolute Addresses;63
5.5;C Language Operators and Control Structures;63
5.5.1;Relational Operators;63
5.5.2;Logical Operators;64
5.5.3;Bitwise Logical Operators;64
5.5.4;Compound Operators;65
5.5.5;Making Choices;66
5.5.6;Repetition;67
5.5.7;Waiting for Events;68
5.5.8;Early Exits;68
5.6;Functions;69
5.6.1;Standard Function – Initializing System Clock;69
5.6.2;Memory Model Used for a Function;70
5.7;Interrupt Functions;70
5.7.1;Timer 3 Interrupt Service Routine;70
5.7.2;Disabling Interrupts before Initialization;71
5.7.3;Timer 3 Interrupt Initialization;71
5.7.4;Register Banks;72
5.8;Reentrant Functions;72
5.9;Pointers;73
5.9.1;A Generic Pointer in Keil$^TM$ C;73
5.9.2;Memory Specific Pointers;73
5.10;Summary of Data Types;74
5.11;Appendix;75
6;Design Issues of Microcontroller Interfacing;76
6.1;Introduction;76
6.2;Open-Collector Configuration;76
6.3;Protection of Microcontroller from Over-Voltage;77
6.4;Switching Inductive Load and Diode Protection;80
6.5;Potential Divider for Feedback Voltage;81
6.6;Interfacing a Digital Signal;84
6.7;Interfacing an Analog Signal;87
6.8;Discussions;90
7;Embedded Microcontroller Based DC Motor Control: A Project Based Approach;92
7.1;Introduction;92
7.2;Description of the Problem;93
7.3;Motivation of the Project;95
7.4;Basic Theory of the Project;96
7.4.1;Speed Control Using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM);96
7.4.2;Generating PWM Signal;97
7.4.3;PWM Frequency: Timer 0 Reload Value;98
7.4.4;Varying the PWM Duty Ratio;99
7.4.5;Measuring Motor Speed and Closed Loop Control;100
7.4.6;Measuring Actual Motor Speed;100
7.4.7;Calculating the Value of K;101
7.4.8;Counting N (Number of Ticks for One Revolution);101
7.4.9;Setting Motor Reference Speed;102
7.4.10;Recording Transient Behavior of Motor;102
7.4.11;Displaying Actual Motor Speed as an Analog Voltage on Oscilloscope;103
7.5;Guidelines to the Students;104
7.6;Outcome of the Project;108
8;Embedded Microcontroller Based Switched Mode Power Supply: A Student Project;112
8.1;Introduction;112
8.2;Description of the Project: Design of Power Supply;113
8.2.1;Specifications of the Problem;113
8.2.2;Objectives;113
8.2.3;Experiment and Comments;113
8.2.4;Guidance on the Implementation;114
8.2.5;Experiment with Open-Loop Power Circuit;114
8.2.6;Design and Implementation of the Control Circuit;114
8.2.7;Experiment with the Implemented Model;114
8.2.8;Submission Requirements;114
8.3;Design Process;115
8.4;Design of a Closed Loop Controller;117
8.4.1;Oscillator;117
8.4.2;Op 118
8.4.3;Comparator;118
8.4.4;NAND Block;118
8.4.5;Power Circuit;118
8.5;Implementation of an Embedded Microcontroller Based Switched Mode Power Supply;121
8.5.1;Design Issues;125
8.5.2;Challenges of the Project Implementation;125
8.6;Conclusions;126
8.7;Appendix;126
9;Embedded Microcontroller Based Magnetic Levitation;136
9.1;Introduction;136
9.2;Background and Motivation;136
9.3;Hybrid Active Magnetic Bearing;138
9.3.1;Displacement Sensor;138
9.3.2;Permanent Magnet;138
9.3.3;Electromagnet and Force Relationship;140
9.4;Design of Control System;142
9.4.1;PID Controller;142
9.4.2;Analog Control System;143
9.4.3;Results from the Controller;146
9.5;Microcontroller Based Control System;150
9.5.1;Microcontroller Code;152
9.5.2;Results of the Microcontroller Based Control;155
9.6;Conclusions;157
9.7;Appendix;158
10;Embedded Microcontroller Based Fireworks Detonation System;165
10.1;Introduction;165
10.2;Preliminary Version of the System;166
10.3;Requirements;168
10.4;Design and Implementation;168
10.4.1;Overview of Control Software;168
10.4.2;Manual Interface;169
10.4.3;Scripting Interface;170
10.4.4;Designer Interface;172
10.5;Remote Firing Module;172
10.5.1;Overview and Methodology;172
10.5.2;Electric Matches;173
10.5.3;User Interface;174
10.5.4;Operational Modes;175
10.5.5;Wireless Network;176
10.5.6;Power Supply;176
10.5.7;Battery Charger;177
10.5.8;Firing and Testing;178
10.6;Central Control Circuit;179
10.6.1;LCD Control Circuit;180
10.6.2;RF Modem Control Circuit;181
10.6.3;IO Control Circuit;183
10.7;Developed Hardware;184
10.8;Firmware;187
10.8.1;Overview;187
10.8.2;Communications;188
10.8.3;Command and Response Set;189
10.8.4;Event System;190
10.9;Appendix;192
11;Embedded Microcontroller Based Non-destructive Seafood Inspection System;207
11.1;Introduction;207
11.2;Working Principle of Interdigital Sensors;207
11.3;Sensing System for Seafood Inspection;211
11.4;Interfacing to Microcontroller;212
11.5;Initialization of Important Parts of Microcontroller;212
11.6;Electronics and Signal Processing Circuit for the Low Cost Sensing System;215
11.7;Smooth Sine Wave Generation;217
11.8;Signal Rectification and Amplification;218
11.9;Calibration, Sensitivity Threshold and Signal Definitions;218
11.10;Prototype of Seafood Inspection Tool (SIT);220
11.11;Conclusion;221