Schmidt / Witte / Rossi An Economic Analysis of Crime and Justice

Theory, Methods, and Applications
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4832-7221-4
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 430 Seiten, Web PDF

An Economic Analysis of Crime and Justice: Theory, Methods, and Applications presents the applications of economic theory and econometric methods to various problems in criminology. The book is divided into three parts. Part I discusses models of criminal recidivism. The second part tackles the economic model of crime. Part III estimates cost functions for prisons. Specific chapters in the book cover topics on statistical analysis of qualitative outcomes; analysis of two measures of criminal activity: the arrest rate and the conviction rate; and long-run estimate of cost function for a group of Federal Correctional Institutions. Economists, correctional administrators, and criminal justice professionals will find the book a great source of information and insight.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Schmidt, Peter

Witte, Ann D.

Rossi, Peter H.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;An Economic Analysis of Crime and Justice: Theory, Methods, and Applications;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;Preface;12
6;Acknowledgments;14
7;Chapter 1. Introduction;16
7.1;Text;16
8;Parr I: Statistical Analyses of Recidivism;20
8.1;Text;20
8.2;Chapter 2. Statistical Analysis of Qualitative Outcomes;25
8.2.1;2.1. Introduction;25
8.2.2;2.2. Least Squares with Dummy Variables;26
8.2.3;2.3. The Logit Model;29
8.2.4;2.4. The Polytomous Logit Model;31
8.2.5;2.5. Logit Models with Only Qualitative Regressors;35
8.2.6;2.6. Probit Models;36
8.2.7;2.7. Discriminant Analysis versus Logit Analysis;38
8.2.8;Notes;40
8.3;Chapter 3. Logit Analysis of the Nature of Criminal Activity;41
8.3.1;3.1. Introduction;41
8.3.2;3.2. Data;42
8.3.3;3.3. Analysis of Seriousness of Criminal Activity;43
8.3.4;3.4. Further Results on Seriousness of Criminal Activity;50
8.3.5;3.5. Analysis of Type of Criminal Activity;52
8.3.6;3.6. Further Results on Type of Criminal Activity;58
8.3.7;3.7. Summary and Conclusions;59
8.3.8;Notes;61
8.4;Chapter 4. Statistical Analysis of Censored or Truncated Outcomes;63
8.4.1;4.1. Introduction;63
8.4.2;4.2. The Truncated Normal Model;65
8.4.3;4.3. The Censored Normal (Tobit) Model;68
8.4.4;4.4. A Two-Part Tobit Model;71
8.4.5;4.5. Sample Selection Model;73
8.4.6;4.6. The Simultaneous Tobit Model;75
8.4.7;4.7. Summary;76
8.5;Chapter 5. Tobit Analysis of the Total Length of Time Sentenced for Recidivist Offenses;78
8.5.1;5.1. Introduction;78
8.5.2;5.2. Analysis of the 1969 and 1971 Data;79
8.5.3;5.3. Analysis of the 1975 Data;85
8.5.4;5.4. Analysis of Subsamples of the 1975 Data;90
8.5.5;5.5. Summary and Conclusions;97
8.5.6;Notes;98
8.6;Chapter 6. Statistical Analysis of Survival Times;100
8.6.1;6.1. Introduction;100
8.6.2;6.2. The Exponential Case;104
8.6.3;6.3. The Lognormal Case;105
8.6.4;6.4. Split Population Models;107
8.6.5;6.5. The Hazard Rate;109
8.6.6;6.6. Heterogenity versus State Dependence;111
8.6.7;6.7. The Proportional Hazards Model;112
8.6.8;6.8. Summary and Conclusions;114
8.6.9;Notes;115
8.7;Chapter 7. Analysis of the Length of Time until Recidivism;116
8.7.1;7.1. Introduction;116
8.7.2;7.2. Analysis of the 1969 and 1971 Data;117
8.7.3;7.3. Analysis of the 1975 Data;125
8.7.4;7.4. Analysis of Subsamples of the 1975 Data;130
8.7.5;7.5. Summary and Conclusions;137
8.7.6;Notes;139
8.8;Chapter 8. Use of Models of Recidivism for Program Evaluation;140
8.8.1;8.1. Introduction;140
8.8.2;8.2. Techniques for Program Evaluation;141
8.8.3;8.3. The Program and the Data;143
8.8.4;8.4. Evaluation Based on Length of Time Sentenced;145
8.8.5;8.5. Evaluation Based on Length of Time until Recidivism;148
8.8.6;8.6. Summary and Conclusions;152
8.8.7;Notes;153
9;Part II: Testing the Economie Model of Crime;154
9.1;Text;154
9.2;Chapter 9. Economic Models of Criminal Behavior;157
9.2.1;9.1. Introduction;157
9.2.2;9.2. The Theory of Consumer Demand and Labor Supply;158
9.2.3;9.3. Behavior toward Risk;163
9.2.4;9.4. A Simple Economic Model of Crime;166
9.2.5;9.5. A Simple Model of the Allocation of Time to Crime;169
9.2.6;9.6. Another Time Allocation Model;172
9.2.7;9.7. A More Complex Model of the Allocation of Time;178
9.2.8;9.8. A Survey of Economic Models of Crime;180
9.2.9;9.9. Summary and Conclusions;197
9.2.10;Appendix 9.1. Derivation of Comparative Static Results for the Model of Section 9.5;199
9.2.11;Appendix 9.2. Analysis of a Model in Which Time Enters the Utility Function;204
9.2.12;Notes;208
9.3;Chapter 10. Estimating a Simple Economic Model of Criminal Behavior;209
9.3.1;10.1. Introduction;209
9.3.2;10.2. An Empirical Model of Criminal Activity;210
9.3.3;10.3. Estimates of a Model for All Criminal Behavior;216
9.3.4;10.4. Results for Specific Types of Offenses;221
9.3.5;10.5. Summary and Conclusions;226
9.3.6;Notes;230
9.4;Chapter 11. Labor Markets for Prison Releasees;232
9.4.1;11.1. Introduction;232
9.4.2;11.2. An Empirical Model of Postrelease Labor Market Performance;233
9.4.3;11.3. Empirical Results for Wages after Release;238
9.4.4;11.4. Empirical Results for Work Stability;242
9.4.5;11.5. An Assessment of the Evidence on Postrelease Labor Market Performance;246
9.4.6;11.6. Summary and Conclusions;251
9.4.7;Appendix 11.1. Comparison of Studies of Labor Market Performance of Prison Releases;253
9.4.8;Notes;263
9.5;Chapter 12. An Estimate of a Simultaneous Model of Criminal Behavior and Labor Market Success;264
9.5.1;12.1. Introduction;264
9.5.2;12.2. The Empirical Model;265
9.5.3;12.3. The Empirical Results;267
9.5.4;12.4. Summary and Conclusions;274
9.5.5;Notes;275
10;Part III: The Use of Production and Cost Theory in Criminal Justice Research;276
10.1;Text;276
10.2;Chapter 13. Modern Production and Cost Theory and Its Use in the Study of Production in Public Organizations;278
10.2.1;13.1. Introduction;278
10.2.2;13.2. The Basic Theory of Cost and Production;279
10.2.3;13.3. Some Extension of Cost and Production Theory;287
10.2.4;13.4. Adaptations of Simple Production and Cost Theory;292
10.2.5;13.5. Summary and Conclusions;294
10.2.6;Notes;295
10.3;Chapter 14. A Model of Costs for Large-Scale Prisons;296
10.3.1;14.1. Introduction;296
10.3.2;14.2. The Relationship of the Prison System to Other Organizations;297
10.3.3;14.3. The Goals of Prison Systems;299
10.3.4;14.4. What Is the Productive Unit and What Does It Produce?;303
10.3.5;14.5. A Long-Run Cost Model for Large-Scale Prisons;309
10.3.6;14.6. A Short-Run Cost Model for Large-Scale Prisons;321
10.3.7;14.7. Summary and Conclusions;326
10.3.8;Notes;327
10.4;Chapter 15. Short-Run Cost Functions for Large-Scale Prisons;330
10.4.1;15.1. Introduction;330
10.4.2;15.2. Empirical Results for Federal Prisons;331
10.4.3;15.3. Empirical Results for California Prisons;352
10.4.4;15.4. Policy Implications and Possible Uses of the Short-Run Results;358
10.4.5;15.5. Summary and Conclusions;361
10.4.6;Appendix 15.1. Determination of the Shape of the Average Cost Function for Two Specific Parametric Combinations;363
10.4.7;Notes;364
10.5;Chapter 16. Long-Run Cost Functions for Federal Correctional Institutions;366
10.5.1;16.1. Introduction;366
10.5.2;16.2. The Data;367
10.5.3;16.3. Empirical Results;368
10.5.4;16.4. Summary and Conclusions;376
10.5.5;Notes;378
10.6;Chapter 17. Summary and Conclusions;380
10.6.1;17.1. Introduction;380
10.6.2;17.2. Summary of Part I;380
10.6.3;17.3. Conclusions from Part I;386
10.6.4;17.4. Summary of Part II;388
10.6.5;17.5. Conclusions from Part II;392
10.6.6;17.6. Summary of Part III;393
10.6.7;17.7. Conclusions from Part III;395
10.6.8;17.8. General Conclusions;396
10.7;Appendix A: Description of the 1969 and 1971 North Carolina Department of Correction Data Set;398
10.7.1;Text;398
10.8;Appendix B: Description of the 1975 Data Set;401
10.8.1;Text;401
10.9;Appendix C: Description of Data Used to Estimate Cost Functions;406
10.9.1;C.1. The Data Available for the Federal Prison System;406
10.9.2;C.2. The Data Available for the California Prison System;409
10.9.3;C.3. Evaluation of the Data Bases;410
10.9.4;Notes;412
11;References;414
12;Index;426