Rowe / Booker / Declaris Nonlinear Electron-Wave Interaction Phenomena

1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4832-2520-3
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 606 Seiten, Web PDF

Nonlinear Electron-Wave Interaction Phenomena explores the interaction between drifting streams of charged particles and propagating electromagnetic waves. Of particular concern are the situations in which the wave amplitude is large and there is strong coupling between the charged fluid and the wave. Emphasis is placed on those devices that utilize a defined injected stream of some type. Particle and electromagnetic wave velocities both small and comparable to the velocity of light are considered. Comprised of 16 chapters, this book begins with an introduction to the various classes of devices in which the drifting stream (charged fluid) is composed of electrons and/or ions coupled to a slow electromagnetic wave over an extended region. The discussion then turns to Eulerian versus Lagrangian formulation and radio-frequency equivalent circuits, along with space-charge-field expressions. Subsequent chapters focus on the interaction mechanisms in klystrons, traveling-wave amplifiers, and O-type backward-wave oscillators, as well as crossed-field forward- and backward-wave amplifiers, and traveling-wave energy converters. The book also evaluates multibeam and beam-plasma interactions; phase focusing of electron bunches; pre-bunched electron beams; collector depression techniques; and modulation characteristics. This monograph is designed to serve both as a research monograph for workers in the fields of microwave electron and plasma devices and as a text for advanced graduate students.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Rowe, Joseph E.

Booker, Henry G.

Declaris, Nicholas

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Nonlinear Electron-Wave Interaction Phenomena;4
3;Copyright Page ;5
4;Table of Contents;10
5;FOREWORD;8
6;CHAPTER 1. Introduction;16
6.1;1 General Introduction;16
6.2;2 Scope of the Book;18
6.3;3 Classes and Description of Devices Analyzed;18
6.4;4 Necessity for a Nonlinear Analysis;26
6.5;References;27
7;CHAPTER 2. Eulerian versus Lagrangian Formulation;31
7.1;1 Introduction;31
7.2;2 Eulerian Formulation of O-TWA Equations;31
7.3;3 Lagrangian Formulation;38
7.4;4 Composite Lagrangian System;41
8;CHAPTER 3. Radio-Frequency Equivalent Circuits;43
8.1;1 Introduction;43
8.2;2 Equivalence of Maxwell and Kelvin Theories;45
8.3;3 Equivalence for a Helical Wave Guiding Structure;49
8.4;4 Transmission-Line Equivalent for Surface Wave Propagation on a Plasma Column;66
8.5;5 Equivalent Transmission Lines for Multidimensional Propagating Structures;69
8.6;6 Backward-Wave Equivalent Circuits;77
8.7;7 Equivalent Circuits with Spatially Varying Line Parameters;80
8.8;References;83
9;CHAPTER 4. Space-Charge-Field Expressions;84
9.1;1 Introduction;84
9.2;2 Green's Function Method for Potential Problems;87
9.3;3 Potential Functions for the Cartesian Coordinate System;89
9.4;4 Potential Function for a Two-Dimensional Rectangular System;96
9.5;5 Space-Charge Fields for Rods of Charge;104
9.6;6 Replacement of Rf Structure by an Impedance Sheet;104
9.7;7 Space-Charge Potentials for Cylindrical Systems;107
9.8;8 Potential Function for a Ring of Charge in an Axially Symmetric System;110
9.9;9 Potential Functions for Hollow Beams;117
9.10;10 One-Dimensional Disk Space-Charge Model;118
9.11;11 Harmonic Method for Calculating the One-Dimensional Space-Charge Field;121
9.12;12 Equivalence of the Green's Function and Harmonic Methods for the One-Dimensional Problem;127
9.13;13 Space-Charge Fields for Specialized Configurations;129
9.14;References;134
10;CHAPTER 5. Klystron Analysis;135
10.1;1 Introduction;135
10.2;2 One-Dimensional Klystron Analysis;136
10.3;3 One-Dimensional Klystron Results;145
10.4;4 Two-Dimensional Klystron Analysis;159
10.5;5 Three-Dimensional Klystron Interaction;165
10.6;6 Radial and Angular Effects in Klystrons;170
10.7;7 Relativistic Klystron Analysis;183
10.8;8 Voltage Stepping in Klystrons;187
10.9;References;191
11;CHAPTER 6. Traveling-Wave Amplifier Analysis;192
11.1;1 Introduction;192
11.2;2 Mathematical Analysis of the One-Dimensional TWA;194
11.3;3 One-Dimensional Results;208
11.4;4 N-Beam TWA Analysis;232
11.5;5 Two-Dimensional TWA Analysis;239
11.6;6 Three-Dimensional O-TWA Analysis;246
11.7;7 Two-Dimensional Circuit, Three-Dimensional Flow;249
11.8;8 Effects of Transverse Variations on TWA Gain and Efficiency;250
11.9;9 Relativistic O-TWA;265
11.10;10 Integral Equation Analysis;268
11.11;References;276
12;CHAPTER 7. O-Type Backward-Wave Oscillators;278
12.1;1 Introduction;278
12.2;2 Backward-Wave Circuits;280
12.3;3 Mathematical Analysis;281
12.4;4 Solution Procedure;283
12.5;5 Efficiency Calculations;287
12.6;6 Relativistic Oscillator Analysis;292
12.7;7 Radial and Angular Variations in BWO's;294
12.8;References;295
13;CHAPTER 8. Crossed-Field Drift-Space Interaction;297
13.1;1 Introduction;297
13.2;2 Two-Dimensional Drift-Space Equations;298
13.3;3 Gap Modulation of a Crossed-Field Stream;307
13.4;4 Results for a Two-Dimensional Cf Drift Region;310
13.5;5 Three-Dimensional Drift-Space Equations;314
13.6;6 Adiabatic Motion in a Drift Region;317
13.7;References;318
14;CHAPTER 9. Crossed-Field Forward-Wave Amplifiers;319
14.1;1 Introduction;319
14.2;2 Two-Dimensional M-FWA with a Negative Sole;321
14.3;3 Results for a Two-Dimensional M-FWA with a Negative Sole;329
14.4;4 Two-Dimensional M-FWA with a Positive Sole;357
14.5;5 Adiabatic Equations for a Two-Dimensional M-FWA with a Negative Sole;360
14.6;6 Three-Dimensional M-FWA with a Negative Sole;363
14.7;7 Effect of Cyclotron Waves;363
14.8;8 Comparison with Sedin's Calculations;365
14.9;9 Results of and Comparison of Various Nonlinear Theories for the M-FWA;370
14.10;References;378
15;CHAPTER 10. Crossed-Field Backward-Wave Oscillators;380
15.1;1 Introduction;380
15.2;2 Two-Dimensional M-BWO with a Negative Sole;381
15.3;3 Results for a Two-Dimensional M-BWO with a Negative Sole;386
15.4;4 M-BWO with a Positive Sole;389
15.5;5 Adiabatic Equations for an M-BWO with a Negative Sole;390
15.6;6 Cyclotron Waves in M-BWO's;395
15.7;7 Theory versus Experiment;395
15.8;References;399
16;CHAPTER 11. Traveling-Wave Energy Converters;400
16.1;1 Introduction;400
16.2;2 O-Type Traveling-Wave Energy Converter;402
16.3;3 M-Type Traveling-Wave Energy Converter;408
16.4;References;409
17;CHAPTER 12. Multibeam and Beam-Plasma Interactions;410
17.1;1 Introduction;410
17.2;2 Nonlinear Equations for Combined One-Dimensional Beam-Plasma Circuit;413
17.3;3 Double-Beam Circuit Solutions;425
17.4;4 Interaction Equations in the Absence of a Circuit;429
17.5;5 Velocity Distributions;432
17.6;6 Two-Dimensional Effects in Beam-Plasma Interactions;434
17.7;References;436
18;CHAPTER 13. Phase Focusing of Electron Bunches;439
18.1;1 Introduction;439
18.2;2 Historical Background and Experimental Work;440
18.3;3 Efficiency Improvement in Traveling-Wave Amplifiers;444
18.4;4 Efficiency Improvement in O-Type Backward-Wave Oscillators;469
18.5;5 Efficiency Improvement in Crossed-Field Amplifiers;476
18.6;6 Efficiency Improvement in Crossed-Field Backward-Wave Oscillators;491
18.7;References;500
19;CHAPTER 14. Prebunched Electron Beams;502
19.1;1 Introduction;502
19.2;2 Mathematical Formulation of the Lagrangian Equations;503
19.3;3 Results for Klystrons;505
19.4;4 Results for Traveling-Wave Amplifiers;508
19.5;5 Results for Crossed-Field Amplifiers;516
19.6;6 Rf Power Required to Bunch an Electron Beam;522
19.7;References;529
20;CHAPTER 15. Collector Depression Techniques;530
20.1;1 Introduction;530
20.2;2 Graphical Evaluation of Depressed Collectors;532
20.3;3 Analysis of Output Energy Distribution for Collector Depression in O-Type Devices;534
20.4;4 Results of Calculations for O-Type Devices;539
20.5;5 Beam Current Flow Limitation in Collector Depression;551
20.6;6 Depressed Collectors on Crossed-Field Devices;556
20.7;References;564
21;CHAPTER 16. Modulation Characteristics;565
21.1;1 Introduction;565
21.2;2 Mathematical Analysis for O-Type Devices;566
21.3;3 O-Type Nonlinear Modulation Results;571
21.4;4 Mathematical Analysis for M-Type Devices;574
21.5;5 Output Spectra for Low-Frequency Modulations;577
21.6;6 Modulation by Multiple High-Frequency Signals;582
21.7;References;583
22;APPENDIX A: Rf Structure Impedance Variations;585
22.1;1 Helical Line for O-FWA;585
22.2;2 Helical Line for O-BWO;585
22.3;3 Tapered Interdigital Line Characteristics;590
22.4;References;593
23;APPENDIX B: O-TWA Kompfner-Dip Conditions;594
23.1;Text;594
23.2;References;597
24;APPENDIX C: M-FWA Kompfner-Dip Conditions;598
24.1;Text;598
24.2;References;599
25;AUTHOR INDEX;600
26;SUBJECT INDEX;603