Reza Rezaie / Esnaashary / Karfarma Bone Cement

From Simple Cement Concepts to Complex Biomimetic Design
1. Auflage 2020
ISBN: 978-3-030-39716-6
Verlag: Springer Nature Switzerland
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 94 Seiten

Reihe: SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology

This book provides an overview of the composition of polymeric and ceramic bone cements. It also discusses complex, biomimetic structures based on biomaterials, such as cells and bioactive molecules, which more closely resemble natural bone The first chapter describes the main concepts of the cementation process and the parameters affecting it, while the second chapter focuses on the composition and structure of candidate biomaterials. Lastly, the third and fourth chapters present recent research aimed at improving the ability of naked biomaterials to enhance bone healing by adding cells and bioactive agents.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Reza Rezaie, Hamid

Esnaashary, Mohammad Hossein

Karfarma, Masoud

Öchsner, Andreas

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;6
2;Contents;7
3;1 Cement Concept;9
3.1;1.1 Introduction;9
3.2;1.2 History;9
3.3;1.3 Medical History of Cement;11
3.4;1.4 Cement Applications;11
3.5;1.5 Why Bone Cement?;13
3.6;1.6 Bone Cement Properties;13
3.7;1.7 The Setting Process;16
3.8;1.8 The Effective Parameters;17
3.8.1;1.8.1 Powder to Liquid Ratio;17
3.8.2;1.8.2 Particle Size/Molecular Size;19
3.8.3;1.8.3 Reactant Reactivity;21
3.9;1.9 Tissue Engineering;22
3.10;References;23
4;2 Conductivity: Materials Design;26
4.1;2.1 Introduction;26
4.2;2.2 Bone;26
4.3;2.3 Bone Cement Compositions;27
4.3.1;2.3.1 Polymethyl Methacrylate;27
4.3.2;2.3.2 Polypropylene Fumarate;29
4.3.3;2.3.3 Calcium Phosphate Cement;30
4.3.4;2.3.4 Magnesium Phosphate Cement;32
4.3.5;2.3.5 Other Types of Cement;33
4.4;2.4 Scaffold;33
4.4.1;2.4.1 Properties;34
4.4.2;2.4.2 Production Methods;34
4.4.3;2.4.3 Bone Cement Scaffolds;37
4.5;References;44
5;3 Productivity: Cells;49
5.1;3.1 Introduction;49
5.2;3.2 Bone Cells;49
5.2.1;3.2.1 Stem Cell Niches in Bone;50
5.2.2;3.2.2 Resident Cells in the Bone;50
5.3;3.3 Cell Sources for Bone Tissue Engineering;53
5.3.1;3.3.1 Embryonic Stem Cells;53
5.3.2;3.3.2 Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells;54
5.3.3;3.3.3 Fetal Stem Cells;56
5.3.4;3.3.4 Adult Stem Cells;57
5.3.5;3.3.5 Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts;63
5.4;3.4 Cell-Seeding Techniques;65
5.4.1;3.4.1 Static Cell Seeding Method;65
5.4.2;3.4.2 Dynamic Cell Seeding;66
5.4.3;3.4.3 Magnetic Cell Seeding Method;66
5.5;3.5 Bioreactors;66
5.5.1;3.5.1 Spinner Flask Bioreactor;67
5.5.2;3.5.2 Rotating Wall Bioreactor;69
5.5.3;3.5.3 Hollow-Fiber Bioreactors;69
5.5.4;3.5.4 Perfusion Bioreactors;69
5.5.5;3.5.5 Compression Bioreactors;69
5.5.6;3.5.6 Combined Bioreactors;70
5.6;References;70
6;4 Inductivity: Bioactive Agents;75
6.1;4.1 Introduction;75
6.2;4.2 Growth Factors Involved in Bone Regeneration;76
6.3;4.3 Bioactive Agent Used in Bone Tissue Engineering;77
6.3.1;4.3.1 Growth Factors;78
6.3.2;4.3.2 Drugs;83
6.3.3;4.3.3 Nucleic Acids;86
6.3.4;4.3.4 Other Bioactive Agents;87
6.4;4.4 Bioactive Agent Incorporation Strategies;88
6.4.1;4.4.1 Non-covalent Bioagent Immobilization;89
6.4.2;4.4.2 Covalent Bioagent Immobilization;90
6.5;4.5 Challenges in Bone Tissue Engineering;90
6.6;References;91