Ethics of War

1. Auflage 2005
ISBN: 978-1-4051-2377-8
Verlag: Wiley

Buch, Englisch, 756 Seiten, Format (B × H): 183 mm x 260 mm, Gewicht: 1593 g

The Ethics of War is an indispensable collection of essays addressing issues both timely and age-old about the nature and ethics of war.
- Features essays by great thinkers from ancient times through to the present day, among them Plato, Augustine, Aquinas, Machiavelli, Grotius, Kant, Russell, and Walzer
- Examines timely questions such as: When is recourse to arms morally justifiable? What moral constraints should apply to military conduct? How can a lasting peace be achieved?
- Will appeal to a broad range of readers interested in morality and ethics in war time
- Includes informative introductions and helpful marginal notes by editors

Autoren/Hrsg.

Reichberg, Gregory M.

Syse, Henrik

Begby, Endre

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Preface viii
Acknowledgments xiii

Part I Ancient and Early Christian 1

1 Thucydides (ca. 460-ca. 400 BC): War and Power 3

2 Plato (427-347 BC): Tempering War among the Greeks 18

3 Aristotle (384-322 BC): Courage, Slavery, and Citizen Soldiers 31

4 Roman Law of War and Peace (Seventh Century BC-First Century AD): Ius Fetiale 47

5 Cicero (106-43 BC): Civic Virtue as the Foundation of Peace 50

6 Early Church Fathers (Second to Fourth Centuries): Pacifism and Defense of the Innocent 60

7 Augustine (354-430): Just War in the Service of Peace 70

Part II Medieval 91

8 Medieval Peace Movements (975-1123): Religious Limitations on Warfare 93

9 The Crusades (Eleventh to Thirteenth Centuries): Christian Holy War 98

10 Gratian and the Decretists (Twelfth Century): War and Coercion in the Decretum 104

11 John of Salisbury (ca. 1115-1180): The Challenge of Tyranny 125

12 Raymond of Peñafort (ca. 1180-1275) and William of Rennes (Thirteenth Century): The Conditions of Just War, Self-defense, and their Legal Consequences under Penitential Jurisdiction 131

13 Innocent IV (ca. 1180-1254): The Kinds of Violence and the Limits of Holy War 148

14 Alexander of Hales (ca. 1185-1245): Virtuous Dispositions in Warfare 156

15 Hostiensis (ca. 1200-1271): A Typology of Internal and External War 160

16 Thomas Aquinas (ca. 1225-1274): Just War and Sins against Peace 169

17 Dante Alighieri (1265-1321): Peace by Universal Monarchy 199

18 Bartolus of Saxoferrato (ca. 1313-1357): Roman War within Christendom 203

19 Christine de Pizan (ca. 1364-ca. 1431): War and Chivalry 210

20 Raphaël Fulgosius (1367-1427): Just War Reduced to Public War 227

Part III Late Scholastic and Reformation 231

21 Erasmus of Rotterdam (1466-1536): The Spurious "Right to War" 233

22 Cajetan (1468-1534): War and Vindicative Justice 240

23 Niccolò Machiavelli (1469-1527): War is Just to Whom it is Necessary 251

24 Thomas More (ca. 1478-1535): Warfare in Utopia 259

25 Martin Luther (1483-1546) and Jean Calvin (1509-1564): Legitimate War in Reformed Christianity 265

26 The Radical Reformation (Sixteenth Century): Religious Rationales for Violence and Pacifism 278

27 Francisco de Vitoria (ca. 1492-1546): Just War in the Age of Discovery 288

28 Luis de Molina (1535-1600): Distinguishing War from Punishment 333

29 Francisco Suárez (1548-1617): Justice, Charity, and War 339

30 Alberico Gentili (1552-1608): The Advantages of Preventive War 371

31 Johannes Althusius (1557-1638): Defending the Commonwealth 378

32 Hugo Grotius (1583-1645): The Theory of Just War Systematized 385

Part IV Modern 439

33 Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679): Solving the Problem of Civil War 441

34 Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677): The Virtue of Peace 451

35 Samuel von Pufendorf (1632-1694): War in an Emerging System of States 454

36 John Locke (1632-1704): The Rights of Man and the Limits of Just Warfare 462

37 Christian von Wolff (1679-1754): Bilateral Rights of War 469

38 Montesquieu (1689-1755): National Self-preservation and the Balance of Power 475

39 Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778): Supranational Government and Peace 480

40 Emer de Vattel (1714-1767): War in Due Form 504

41 Immanuel Kant (1724-1804): Cosmopolitan Rights, Human Progress, and Perpetual Peace 518

42 G. W. F. Hegel (1770-1831): War and the Spirit of the Nation-state 542

43 Carl von Clausewitz (1780-1831): Ethics and Military Strategy 553

44 Daniel Webster (1782-1852): The Caroline Incident (1837) 562

45 Francis Lieber (1800-1872): Devising a Military Code of Conduct 565

46 John Stuart Mill (1806-1873): Foreign Intervention and National Autonomy 574

47 Karl Marx (1818-1883) and Friedrich Engels (1820-1895): War as an Instrument of Emancipation 586

Part V Twentieth Century 593

48 Woodrow Wilson (1856-1924): The Dream of a League of Nations 595

49 Bertrand Russell (1872-1970): Pacifism and Modern War 600

50 Hans Kelsen (1881-1973): Bellum Iustum in International Law 605

51 Paul Ramsey (1913-1988): Nuclear Weapons and Legitimate Defense 614

52 G. E. M. Anscombe (1919-2001): The Moral Recklessness of Pacifism 625

53 John Rawls (1921-2002): The Moral Duties of Statesmen 633

54 Michael Walzer (b. 1935): Terrorism and Ethics 642

55 Thomas Nagel (b. 1937): The Logic of Hostility 653

56 James Turner Johnson (b. 1938): Contemporary Just War 660

57 National Conference of Catholic Bishops (1983 and 1993): A Presumption against War 669

58 Kofi Annan (b. 1938): Toward a New Definition of Sovereignty 683

Index 694

Über Autor(innen)

Gregory M. Reichberg is Senior Researcher at the International Peace Research Institute, Oslo (PRIO) where he heads the Institute's Program on Ethics, Norms, and Identities. He is editor of The Classics of Western Philosophy: A Reader's Guide (with Jorge J. E. Gracia and Bernard N. Schumacher, Blackwell 2003) and he has published numerous articles on the ethics of war and peace.

Henrik Syse is Senior Researcher associated with PRIO and the Ethics Program at the University of Oslo, and Head of Corporate Governance at Norges Bank Investment Management. He is the author of Natural Law, Religion, and Rights (2006).

Endre Begby is Fulbright Fellow in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Pittsburgh.