Rácz Salience in Sociolinguistics

A Quantitative Approach
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-3-11-030539-5
Verlag: De Gruyter
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 84, 183 Seiten

Reihe: Topics in English Linguistics [TiEL]ISSN

This work proposes a definition of the notion of salience in sociolinguistics. Salient linguistic variants are those that are easily picked up by the listeners, and these stand in opposition to `invisible' variants, which are, even if they also show complex social stratification, completely ignored. Taking a quantitative angle, this work sees salience as a function of relative frequency differences, giving it an empirically testable operationalisation.

Zielgruppe

Research Libraries, Researchers and Students of English Linguistics

Autoren/Hrsg.

Rácz, Péter

Fachgebiete

• Geisteswissenschaften Sprachwissenschaft Soziolinguistik
• Geisteswissenschaften Sprachwissenschaft Phonetik, Phonologie, Prosodie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Acknowledgements;9
2;List of figures;14
3;List of tables;15
4;1 Preliminaries;17
4.1;1.1 Salience and linguistic variation;18
4.1.1;1.1.1 Lexical reference and social indexation;18
4.1.2;1.1.2 Concepts and notations;24
4.1.3;1.1.3 Salience as low probability;24
4.2;1.2 Structure of the book;27
4.2.1;1.2.1 Methodology;27
4.2.2;1.2.2 Chapter structure;29
4.2.3;1.2.3 The case studies;32
4.3;1.3 Concluding remarks;38
5;2 Defining Salience;39
5.1;2.1 Salience as a general term;39
5.1.1;2.1.1 Salience in sociolinguistics;41
5.1.2;2.1.2 Salience in visual cognition;47
5.1.3;2.1.3 Selective attention in hearing;51
5.2;2.2 Operationalising sociolinguistic salience;52
5.2.1;2.2.1 Preliminaries;52
5.2.2;2.2.2 Defining salience;53
5.2.3;2.2.3 Exemplars and transitional probabilities;55
5.3;2.3 Concluding remarks;59
6;3 Methodology;61
6.1;3.1 Cognitive salience: main assumptions and considerations;61
6.2;3.2 Cognitive salience: further assumptions;63
6.3;3.3 Step-by-step corpus editing;65
6.4;3.4 Calculating transitional probabilities;68
7;4 Definite Article Reduction;71
7.1;4.1 Background;72
7.1.1;4.1.1 Details of the process;72
7.1.2;4.1.2 DAR as a salient variable;75
7.2;4.2 Analysis;75
7.2.1;4.2.1 Methods;75
7.2.2;4.2.2 Salience from token frequency;76
7.2.3;4.2.3 Salience from transitional probability;78
7.2.4;4.2.4 Further arguments for phonotactic distinctiveness;80
7.3;4.3 Concluding remarks;84
8;5 Glottalisation in the South of England;87
8.1;5.1 Background;88
8.1.1;5.1.1 Two recent studies;88
8.1.2;5.1.2 Salience and glottalisation;92
8.2;5.2 Analysis;93
8.2.1;5.2.1 Methods;94
8.2.2;5.2.2 The London-Lund Corpus;95
8.2.3;5.2.3 The Spoken Corpus of Adolescent London English;97
8.2.4;5.2.4 Modelling results;99
8.3;5.3 Concluding remarks;103
9;6 Hiatus resolution in Hungarian;105
9.1;6.1 Background;105
9.1.1;6.1.1 The perception of hiatus resolution: Methods;108
9.1.2;6.1.2 The perception of hiatus resolution: Results;109
9.1.3;6.1.3 Hiatus resolution and naïve linguistic awareness;112
9.2;6.2 Analysis;113
9.2.1;6.2.1 Corpus results;113
9.2.2;6.2.2 Main points;115
9.3;6.3 Concluding remarks;116
10;7 Derhoticisation in Glasgow;117
10.1;7.1 Background;117
10.1.1;7.1.1 Social stratification and social awareness;118
10.1.2;7.1.2 Derhoticisation in Glasgow;120
10.1.3;7.1.3 /r/ in Glasgow;121
10.1.4;7.1.4 Studies on coda /r/;130
10.1.5;7.1.5 Interim Summary;135
10.2;7.2 Analysis;137
10.2.1;7.2.1 The FRED study;137
10.2.2;7.2.2 Transitional probabilities in coda /r/ realisation;139
10.3;7.3 Concluding remarks;142
10.4;7.4 The operationalisation and relevance of salience;144
11;8 Salience and models of the lexicon;145
11.1;8.1 The relevance of salience;145
11.2;8.2 The duality of patterning;147
11.3;8.3 Modelling, phonetic variation and indexation;148
11.4;8.4 Summary;151
12;9 Salience and language change;153
12.1;9.1 Speaker indexation in sound change;154
12.1.1;9.1.1 Approaches to speaker indexation;154
12.1.2;9.1.2 Simulations on the role of indexation;156
12.2;9.2 Salience in the propagation of a change;161
12.2.1;9.2.1 Glottalisation in England;161
12.2.2;9.2.2 Derhoticisation in Scotland;163
12.3;9.3 Concluding remarks;164
13;10 Conclusions;165
13.1;10.1 The source of salience;165
13.1.1;10.1.1 From cognitive properties to language use;165
13.1.2;10.1.2 Consequences for phonological modelling;167
13.2;10.2 The predictability of salience;168
13.2.1;10.2.1 Types of phonological change;169
13.2.2;10.2.2 Consonants and vowels;170
13.2.3;10.2.3 Overview;171
13.3;10.3 Concluding remarks;171
14;Bibliography;173
15;Index;181

Über Autor(innen)

Péter Rácz, University of Freiburg, Germany.