Rado Chemical Transformations of Polymers

1. Auflage 2018
ISBN: 978-1-4832-8470-5
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 306 Seiten, Web PDF

Chemical Transformations of Polymers provides information pertinent to the fundamental structure and aspects of the chemical transformation of polymers. This book examines several experiments for the chemical transformation of polymers, which start from the assumption that the reactivity of a functional group in a macromolecule has to be similar as one in a low molecular compound. Organized into 19 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the various photochromic systems that have been used in polymer chemistry. This text then examines the three types of stable polymers with unpaired electrons, including polyradical ions, neutral polyradicals, and polymeric charge transfer complexes. Other chapters consider the kinetic laws and traits of migration mechanisms of free valence in the process of decay of free radicals in polymers. The final chapter deals with the complicated reaction of the degradation of polymers induced by the presence of metal compounds. This book is a valuable resource for chemists, scientists, and physiochemical researchers.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Rado, R.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Chemical Transformations of Polymers
;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;ORGANIZING COMMITTEE;7
6;CHAPTER 1. PHOTOCHROMIC BEHAVIOUR OF POLYMERIC SYSTEMS AND RELATED PHENOMENA;8
6.1;ABSTRACT;8
6.2;INTRODUCTION;8
6.3;1. PHOTOCHROMIC POL Y AZOMETHINES;9
6.4;2. PHOTOCHROMIC AZOBENZENES;11
6.5;3. PHOTOCHROMIC POLYTHIAZINE REDOX SYSTEM;13
6.6;4. PHOTOCHROMIC POLYSPIROBENZOPYRANES;14
6.7;PHOTORACEMIZATION OF OPTICALLY ACTIVE POLYMERS;28
6.8;CONCLUSION;30
6.9;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;30
6.10;REFERENCES;30
7;CHAPTER 2. NETWORK FORMATION IN POLYMERIC MEDIA AND SOME NETWORK PROPERTIES;32
7.1;ABSTRACT;32
7.2;1. INTRODUCTION;32
7.3;2. NETWORK SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION;33
7.4;3. PROPERTIES OF NETWORKS;35
7.5;4. GENERAL;46
7.6;REFERENCES;47
8;CHAPTER 3. DARSTELLUNG, EIGENSCHAFTEN UND ANWENDUNGEN VON STABILEN POLYMEREN MIT UNGEPAARTEN ELEKTRONEN;48
8.1;ABSTRACT;48
8.2;I. EINLEITUNG;48
8.3;II. NEUTRALE POLYRADIKALE;49
8.4;III. POLYRADIKALIONEN;58
8.5;III. POLYMERE ELEKTRONEN-DONATOR-ACCEPTOR-KOMPLEXE;61
8.6;LITERATUR;61
9;CHAPTER 4. THE DECAY OF FREE RADICALS IN POLYMER MEDIA;64
9.1;ABSTRACT;64
9.2;FORMAL KINETIC LAWS OF THE PROCESS;65
9.3;PECULIARITIES OF VARIOUS METHODS OF RADICAL GENERATION;69
9.4;POSSIBLE MECHANISMS OF FREE VALENCE MIGRATION;72
9.5;REFERENCES;82
10;CHAPTER 5. CONTROLLED PROPAGATION IN ASSOCIATED MONOMER AGGREGATES;84
10.1;ABSTRACT;84
10.2;I. BULK AND SOLUTION POLYMERIZATION OF ACRYLIC ACID;84
10.3;II. OTHER SYSTEMS;89
10.4;CONCLUSION;92
10.5;REFERENCES;93
11;CHAPTER 6. PHOTOPHYSICAL PROCESSES AND THEIR ROLE IN POLYMER PHOTOCHEMISTRY;94
11.1;ABSTRACT;94
11.2;INTRODUCTION;94
11.3;PHOTOPHYSICAL PROCESSES AND EXCITED STATES IN ORGANIC MOLECULES;95
11.4;PHOTOPHYSICAL PROCESSES IN POLYMER MOLECULES;100
11.5;SOME APPLICATIONS TO POLYMER PHOTOCHEMISTRY;108
11.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;109
11.7;REFERENCES;109
12;CHAPTER 7. PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF UNSATURATED POLYMERS;112
12.1;ABSTRACT;112
12.2;INTRODUCTION;112
12.3;1,4-POLYBUTADIENE;112
12.4;1,4-POLYISOPRENE;114
12.5;1,2-POLYBUTADIENE;117
12.6;3,4-POLYISOPRENE;119
12.7;POLYPENTENAMERS;120
12.8;CONCLUSION;123
12.9;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;124
12.10;REFERENCES;124
13;CHAPTER 8. RECENT WORK ON THE THERMAL DEGRADATION OF ACRYLATE AND METHACRYLATE HOMOPOLYMERS AND COPOLYMERS;126
13.1;ABSTRACT;126
13.2;REFERENCES;141
14;CHAPTER 9. FUNDAMENTAL PROCESSES IN THE UV DEGRADATION AND STABILIZATION OF POLYMERS;142
14.1;ABSTRACT;142
14.2;STABILIZATION;146
14.3;REFERENCES;151
15;CHAPTER 10. SOME ASPECTS OF THE LIGHT PROTECTION OF POLYMERS;152
15.1;ABSTRACT;152
15.2;1. INTRODUCTION;152
15.3;2. PROBLEMS IN TESTING LIGHT STABILIZERS;153
15.4;3. THE LIGHT STABILITY OF UV-ABSORBERS;155
15.5;4. SYNERGISM BETWEEN UV-ABSORBERS AND ANTIOXID- ANTS;157
15.6;5. QUENCHING PROPERTIES OF UV-ABSORBERS;159
15.7;6. THE LONG WAVELENGTH ABSORPTION OF UV-ABSORBERS;161
15.8;7. p-HYDROXYBENZOATES AS LIGHT STABILIZERS;169
15.9;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;170
15.10;REFERENCES;170
16;CHAPTER 11. THE POLARITY OF POLYMER RADICALS;174
16.1;ABSTRACT;174
16.2;REFERENCES;179
17;CHAPTER 12. PEROXIDE CROSSLINKING REACTIONS OF POLYMERS;180
17.1;ABSTRACT;180
17.2;INTRODUCTION;180
17.3;UNSATURATED RUBBERS;181
17.4;SATURATED RUBBERS;182
17.5;PEROXIDES AND THEIR EFFICIENCIES;185
17.6;COAGENTS;186
17.7;REFERENCES;187
18;CHAPTER 13. SOME ASPECTS OF SOLID STATE POLYMERIZATION;188
18.1;ABSTRACT;188
18.2;1. INTRODUCTION;188
18.3;2. RADIATION-INDUCED POLYMERIZATION OF VINYL COMPOUNDS IN THE SUPERCOOLED LIQUID PHASE15;189
18.4;3. CATALYTIC POLYMERIZATION OF VINYL AND CYCLIC COMPOUNDS IN SOLID PHASE16;192
18.5;4. RADIATION-INDUCED POLYMERIZATION OFCYCLOHEXENE OXIDE IN A PLASTIC CRYSTAL19;201
18.6;5. SUMMARY;204
18.7;REFERENCES;204
19;CHAPTER 14. MODIFICATION OF POLYMERS FOR THE PREPARATION OF SEMIPERMEABLE MEMBRANES;206
19.1;ABSTRACT;206
19.2;SOLUTE REJECTION;207
19.3;MEMBRANE CLASSIFICATION;208
19.4;REACTIONS OF GRAFTING;209
19.5;PROPERTIES OF THE MEMBRANES;216
19.6;PERMSELECTIVE PROPERTIES OF MEMBRANES;217
19.7;CONCLUSIONS;221
19.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;222
19.9;REFERENCES;222
20;CHAPTER 15. SOME PROBLEMS OF CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL MICROMODIFICATION OF POLYMER SYSTEMS;224
20.1;ABSTRACT;224
20.2;REFERENCES;235
21;CHAPTER 16. GRAFTING AND BRANCHING OF POLYMERS;236
21.1;ABSTRACT;236
21.2;I. BLOCK- AND GRAFT-COPOLYMERS;237
21.3;II. BRANCHED HOMOPOLYMERS;241
21.4;REFERENCES;244
22;CHAPTER 17. THE COMPARISON OF ANALOGOUS REACTIONS OF MACROMOLECULES WITH LOW-MOLECULAR MODELS;246
22.1;ABSTRACT;246
22.2;GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS;246
22.3;1. THE RACEMIZATION OF POLYMERS WITH ATROPISOMERIC DIPHENYL GROUPS5;248
22.4;2. EDA COMPLEXES OF SOME OLIGOESTERS AND MODEL COMPOUNDS12;256
22.5;3. PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF N-CHLORO-POLYAMIDES20,21;265
22.6;REFERENCES;272
23;CHAPTER 18. MECHANISMS OF POLYMER STABILIZATION;274
23.1;ABSTRACT;274
23.2;INTRODUCTION;274
23.3;ANTIOXIDANT ENVIRONMENT IN THE POLYMER;275
23.4;DESIGN OF ANTIOXIDANTS FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE, HIGH SURFACE AREA PERFORMANCE;284
23.5;NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN ANTIOXIDANT MECHANISMS;287
23.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;296
23.7;REFERENCES;296
24;CHAPTER 19. THE ROLE OF METAL COMPOUNDS IN THE DEGRADATION OF POLYMERS;298
24.1;ABSTRACT;298
24.2;INTRODUCTION;298
24.3;OXIDATION BY Co(llI) COMPLEXES;300
24.4;AUTOXIDATION CATALYSED BY Co(Il) COMPLEXES;302
24.5;COMPARISON OF REACTIVITY OF OXIDATION AGENTS;305
24.6;REDUCTION INITIATION;305
24.7;REACTIONS OF COMPLEX-BONDED RADICALS;305
24.8;CONCLUSION;307
24.9;REFERENCES;307