Prud'homme Flows of Reactive Fluids

1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-0-8176-4659-2
Verlag: Birkhäuser Boston
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 94, 476 Seiten

Reihe: Fluid Mechanics and Its Applications

The modeling of reactive flows has progressed mainly with advances in aerospace, which gave birth to a new science called aerothermochemistry, as well as through developments in chemical and process engineering. This work examines basic concepts and methods necessary to study reactive flows and transfer phenomena in areas such as fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, and chemistry. The book presents tools of interest to graduate students, researchers in mathematical physics, and engineers who wish to investigate problems of reactive flows. Portions of the text may be used in courses on the physics of liquids or in seminars on mechanics.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Prud'Homme, Roger

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;7
2;List of Symbols;9
3;Contents;17
4;1 Introduction;24
5;2 Equations of State;30
5.1;2.1 Defining the State Variables of a Mixture;31
5.2;2.2 Thermodynamic Functions and Equation of State for Simple Fluids and Solids;35
5.3;2.3 Properties of Mixtures;48
5.4;2.4 Reactive Mixtures;58
5.5;2.5 Thermodynamic Stability;65
5.6;2.6 Surface Tension;69
6;3 Transfer Phenomena and Chemical Kinetics;74
6.1;3.1 General Information on Irreversible Phenomena;75
6.2;3.2 Presenting the Coefficients of Transfer via the Thermodynamics of Irreversible Processes;84
6.3;3.3 Other Ways of Presenting the Transfer Coefficients;86
6.4;3.4 Elements of Chemical Kinetics;91
7;4 Balance Equations for Reactive Flows;95
7.1;4.1 Passage to the Continuum: Example of Thermal Transfer in a Continuous Medium at Rest;96
7.2;4.2 Reminder of the Concepts of the Material Derivative and Strain in a Simple Medium;98
7.3;4.3 Mass Balance of Species j and Total Mass Balance in a Composite Medium;100
7.4;4.4 General Balance Equation for a Property F;102
7.5;4.5 Momentum Balance;105
7.6;4.6 Energy Balance;105
7.7;4.7 Flux and Entropy Production in a Discrete System;107
7.8;4.8 Entropy Balance in a Continuous Medium;111
7.9;4.9 Balance Laws for Discontinuities in Continuous Media;112
7.10;4.10 Other Methodologies for Balance Laws;114
8;5 Dimensionless Numbers and Similarity;118
8.1;5.1 Elements of Dimensional Analysis: .i Ratios;119
8.2;5.2 Similarity;122
8.3;5.3 Analytical Search for the Solutions to a Heat Transfer Problem ( Self- Similar Solution);125
8.4;5.4 A Few Dimensionless Numbers;126
9;6 Chemical Reactors;130
9.1;6.1 Ideal and Real Reactors;130
9.2;6.2 Homogeneous Perfectly Stirred Chemical Reactors;132
9.3;6.3 Residence Time Distribution;142
10;7 Coupled Phenomena;147
10.1;7.1 General Information;148
10.2;7.2 Coupling Between Chemical Kinetics and Nondissipative Flow: Compressible Reactive Fluid;152
10.3;7.3 Thermal Transfer and Mass Diffusion;160
10.4;7.4 Shvab–Zel’dovich Approximation;162
10.5;7.5 Phase Change of a Pure Constituent in a Gaseous Mixture;164
10.6;7.6 Thermal Osmosis: Minimum Entropy Production;166
10.7;7.7 Coupling Between Chemical Kinetics and Dissipative Flow: Laminar Flames;169
10.8;7.8 Coupling Between Heat and Momentum Transfer in the Presence of Gravity;178
10.9;7.9 Surface Tension and Viscosity;181
11;8 Turbulent Flow Concepts;188
11.1;8.1 Experimental Evidence for Turbulence;189
11.2;8.2 Turbulence Onset and Damping;193
11.3;8.3 Classical Turbulence Theory;208
11.4;8.4 Turbulent Combustion;221
11.5;8.5 Concepts of Large Eddy Simulation;238
11.6;8.6 Conclusion;247
12;9 Boundary Layers and Fluid Layers;249
12.1;9.1 Unsteady Boundary Layers;250
12.2;9.2 Steady Flow of a Viscous Incompressible Fluid Between Two Coaxial Cylinders;253
12.3;9.3 Steady Incompressible Laminar Boundary Layer Above a Flat Plate;261
12.4;9.4 Steady Laminar Boundary Layers with Chemical Reactions Above a Flat Plate;269
12.5;9.5 The Rotating Disc;278
12.6;9.6 Turbulent Boundary Layer and Dimensional Analysis;285
13;10 Reactive and Nonreactive Waves;294
13.1;10.1 Continuous and Discontinuous One-Dimensional Waves in a Barotropic Medium;295
13.2;10.2 Small Motions of a Fluid in Linearized Theory;304
13.3;10.3 The Case of Small Stationary Disturbances;311
13.4;10.4 The Rankine–Hugoniot Relations;319
13.5;10.5 Deflagration Waves;326
13.6;10.6 Structure of the Planar Detonation Wave;333
13.7;10.7 Spherical Waves;340
14;11 Interface Phenomena;349
14.1;11.1 General Information About Interfaces;350
14.2;11.2 General Form of Interface Balance Laws;354
14.3;11.3 Interface Balance Laws When Surface Variables Obey Classical Thermodynamic Relations;359
14.4;11.4 Constitutive Relations of Interfaces;361
14.5;11.5 Interfaces with Resistance to Wrinkling;374
14.6;11.6 Concepts of Second-Gradient Theory;379
14.7;11.7 Conclusions Regarding Interface Equations;380
15;12 Multiphase Flow Concepts;381
15.1;12.1 Formation of a Two-Phase Flow: Droplet Generation;383
15.2;12.2 Simplified Model of a Flow with Particles;389
15.3;12.3 Flow with Evaporating Droplets;406
15.4;12.4 Problems at the Particle Scale;415
16;A Appendix;445
16.1;A.1 Tensor Notation;445
16.2;A.2 Motion and Field of Deformation of an Interfacial Layer;447
16.3;A.3 Geometry of Interfaces and Interfacial Layers in Curvilinear Coordinates;448
16.4;A.4 Kinematics of Interfaces and Interfacial Layers;455
16.5;A.5 Supercritical Fluids;458
16.6;A.6 More on Transfer Coefficient Determination;465
17;References;473
18;Index;487