Legacies - The Story of the Immigrant Second Generation

1. Auflage 2001
ISBN: 978-0-520-22848-1
Verlag: University of California Press

Buch, Englisch, 430 Seiten, Trade Paperback, Format (B × H): 153 mm x 229 mm, Gewicht: 726 g

One out of five Americans, more than 55 million people, are first-or second-generation immigrants. This landmark study, the most comprehensive to date, probes all aspects of the new immigrant second generation's lives, exploring their immense potential to transform American society for better or worse. Whether this new generation reinvigorates the nation or deepens its social problems depends on the social and economic trajectories of this still young population. In Legacies, Alejandro Portes and Rubén G. Rumbaut—two of the leading figures in the field—provide a close look at this rising second generation, including their patterns of acculturation, family and school life, language, identity, experiences of discrimination, self-esteem, ambition, and achievement.

Based on the largest research study of its kind, Legacies combines vivid vignettes with a wealth of survey and school data. Accessible, engaging, and indispensable for any consideration of the changing face of American society, this book presents a wide range of real-life stories of immigrant families—from Mexico, Cuba, Nicaragua, Colombia, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Trinidad, the Philippines, China, Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam—now living in Miami and San Diego, two of the areas most heavily affected by the new immigration. The authors explore the world of second-generation youth, looking at patterns of parent-child conflict and cohesion within immigrant families, the role of peer groups and school subcultures, the factors that affect the children's academic achievement, and much more.

A companion volume to Legacies, entitled Ethnicities: Children of Immigrants in America, was published by California in Fall 2001. Edited by the authors of Legacies, this book will bring together some of the country's leading scholars of immigration and ethnicity to provide a close look at this rising second generation.

A Copublication with the Russell Sage Foundation

Autoren/Hrsg.

Portes, Alejandro

Rumbaut, Rubén G.

Fachgebiete

• Sozialwissenschaften Soziologie | Soziale Arbeit Spezielle Soziologie Soziologie von Migranten und Minderheiten
• Sozialwissenschaften Soziologie | Soziale Arbeit Soziale Arbeit/Sozialpädagogik Soziale Arbeit/Sozialpädagogik: Minderheiten
• Sozialwissenschaften Ethnologie | Volkskunde Ethnologie Kultur- und Sozialethnologie: Allgemeines
• Interdisziplinäres Wissenschaften Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft | Kulturwissenschaften Kulturwissenschaften

Inhaltsverzeichnis

List of Tables and Figures

Preface

Acknowledgments

1. Twelve Stories

Miami Stories
MarÌa de los Angeles and Yvette Santana: August 1993

Melanie Fernandez-Rey: September 1993

Aristide Maillol: August 1993

Armando and Luis Hern·ndez: July 1995

Mary Patterson: February 1995

EfrÈn Montejo: May 1994

San Diego Stories

Jorge, Olga, Miguel Angel, and Estela Cardozo: January 1994

Quy Nguyen: December 1987

Bennie and Jennifer Montoya: October 1995

Sophy Keng: November 1987 - June 1988

Yolanda and Carlos Muñoz: March 1994
Boua Cha: 1988 - 1990

2. The New Americans: An Overview

Immigration Yesterday and Today

The Size and Concentration of the Second Generation

Studying the New Second Generation: The Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study
The New Second Generation at a Glance

Census Results

CILS Results

3. Not Everyone Is Chosen: Segmented Assimilation and Its Determinants

How Immigrants Are Received: Modes of Incorporation and Their Consequences

Acculturation and Role Reversal

Where They Grow Up: Challenges to Second-Generation Adaptation
Race

Labor Markets

Countercultures

Confronting the Challenge: Immigrant Social Capital

Parental Status, Family Structure, and Gender

The Immigrant Community

Conclusion

4. Making It in America

Early Adaptation and Achievement

General Trends

Nationality and Achievement

Determinants of Parental Economic Achievement

Interaction Effects

Nationality and Family Composition

Conclusion

5. In Their Own Eyes: Immigrant Outlooks on America

Aura Lila MarÌn, Cuban, 53, Single Mother (1994)

Pao Yang, Laotian Hmong, 57, Father (1995)

Optimism

Permissiveness

Ambition

Community and Pride

Conclusion

6. Lost in Translation:

Language and the New Second Generation

Bilingualism: Yesterday and Today

Shadow Boxing: Myth and Reality of Language Acculturation

General Trends

National Differences

Forced-March Acculturation

What Makes a Bilingual?

A Game of Mirrors: Language Instruction and Types of Acculturation

7. Defining the Situation: The Ethnic Identities of Children of Immigrants

Sites of Belonging: The Complex Allegiances of Children of Immigrants

Developing a Self

Past Research

Who Am I? Patterns of Ethnic Self-Identification

Ethnic Identity Shifts

Stability and Salience

Ethnic Self-Identities by National Origin

Where Do I Come From? Nation, Family, and Identity

Correlates of Self-Identities

Family Status, Composition, and Language

The Influence of Parental Self-Identities

Region, Schools, and Discrimination

The Race Question

Determinants of Ethnic and Racial Identities

Conclusion: From Translation Artists to Living Paradoxes

8. The Crucible Within: Family, Schools, and the Psychology of the Second Generation

San Diego Families

Family Cohesion, Conflict, and Change

School Environments and Peer Groups

Psychological Well-Being: Self-Esteem and Depressive Affect

School Engagement and Effort

Educational Expectations

Determinants of Psychosocial Outcomes

Self-Esteem and Depression

Ambition

Conclusion

9. School Achievement and Failure

Early Educational Achievement

Preliminary Results

Determinants of Early Achievement

Educational Achievement in Late Adolescence

Grades in Senior High School
Change over Time

Dropping Out of School

Two Achievement Paradoxes

Southeast Asians

Cuban Americans

Conclusion

10. Conclusion: Mainstream Ideologies and the Long-Term Prospects of Immigrant Communities

Two Mainstream Ideologies

A Third Way: Selective Acculturation and Bilingualism

The Mexican Case

Theoretical Reprise

Time and Acculturation

Reactive Ethnicity and Its Aftermath

Appendix A. Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study:

Follow-up Questionnaire

Appendix B. Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study: Parental Questionnaire

Appendix C. Variables Used in Multivariate Analyses: Chapters 6 to 9

Notes

References

Index

Über Autor(innen)

Alejandro Portes is Professor of Sociology at Princeton University and Director of the Center for Migration and Development, Woodrow Wilson School for Public Affairs. He is the coauthor of City on the Edge: The Transformation of Miami (California, 1993) and Latin Journey: Cuban and Mexican Immigrants in the United States (California, 1985). Portes is the 2010 recipient of the W.E.B. Du Bois Career of Distinguished Scholarship Award from the American Sociological Association. Rubén G. Rumbaut is Professor of Sociology at Michigan State University. He is coauthor, with Alejandro Portes, of Immigrant America: A Portrait (California, 1996), and the coeditor of Immigration Research for a New Century: Multidisciplinary Perspectives (2000) and Origins and Destinies: Immigration, Race, and Ethnicity in America(1996).