Pinkerton / Harding The Lung

Development, Aging and the Environment
2. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-0-12-800288-9
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 544 Seiten

The second edition of The Lung: Development, Aging and the Environment provides an understanding of the multi-faceted nature of lung development, aging, and how the environment influences these processes. As an essential resource to respiratory, pulmonary, and thoracic scientists and physicians it provides an interface between the 'normal and 'disease cluster of chapters, allowing for a natural complement to each other. The interface between different lung diseases affecting the pediatric lung also adds a useful source for comparing how different lung diseases share key pathophysiological features. This same complementarity comes across in the logical line up of chapters dealing with the 'normal pediatric lung. New research, including cell-based strategies for infant lung function, epigenetics, and prenatal alcohol exposure on lung development and function are some of the important additions to this edition of this reference work. - Describes the normal processes of lung development, growth and aging - Considers the effects of the environmental contaminants in the air, water, soil, and diet on lung development, growth and health - Describes genetic factors involved in susceptibility to lung disease - Covers respiratory health risk in children

Autoren/Hrsg.

Pinkerton, Kent

Harding, Richard

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;The Lung;4
3;Copyright;5
4;Contents;6
5;Contributors;12
6;Introduction;16
7;Part I - Critical Events in Normal Development and Aging;18
7.1;Chapter 1 - Lung Progenitor Cell Specification and Morphogenesis;20
7.1.1;INTRODUCTION;20
7.1.2;ONSET OF LUNG DEVELOPMENT;20
7.1.3;BRANCHING MORPHOGENESIS;23
7.1.4;ESTABLISHMENT OF PROXIMAL-DISTAL CELL FATE AND DIFFERENTIATION;24
7.1.5;CONCLUSIONS;24
7.1.6;REFERENCES;25
7.2;Chapter 2 - Development of Airway Epithelium;28
7.2.1;INTRODUCTION;28
7.2.2;DIFFERENCES IN PHENOTYPIC EXPRESSION IN ADULTS;28
7.2.3;OVERALL DEVELOPMENT OF AIRWAYS;32
7.2.4;SUBMUCOSAL GLANDS;33
7.2.5;EPITHELIAL DIFFERENTIATION;34
7.2.6;REGULATION OF DIFFERENTIATION;41
7.2.7;REFERENCES;44
7.3;Chapter 3 - Development of the Innervation of the Lower Airways: Structure and Function;50
7.3.1;INTRODUCTION;50
7.3.2;ANATOMY, MORPHOLOGY, AND DISTRIBUTION IN THE PRENATAL LUNG;50
7.3.3;ANATOMY, MORPHOLOGY, AND DISTRIBUTION IN THE POSTNATAL LUNG;62
7.3.4;ONTOGENY AND REFLEX CONTROL OF AIRWAY SMOOTH MUSCLE: FUNCTIONAL CONSEQUENCES;70
7.3.5;MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS IN THE LUNG;72
7.3.6;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;73
7.3.7;REFERENCES;73
7.4;Chapter 4 - The Formation of Pulmonary Alveoli;82
7.4.1;INTRODUCTION;82
7.4.2;STAGES OF LUNG DEVELOPMENT;82
7.4.3;PARACRINE SIGNALING TO EPITHELIAL CELLS;89
7.4.4;DEVELOPMENT OF THE ALVEOLAR INTERSTITIUM;90
7.4.5;CONCLUSIONS;95
7.4.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;96
7.4.7;REFERENCES;96
7.5;Chapter 5 - Pulmonary Vascular Development;102
7.5.1;INTRODUCTION;102
7.5.2;CELLULAR BASIS OF VESSEL MORPHOGENESIS;103
7.5.3;DEVELOPMENT (FORMATION AND GROWTH) OF ENDOTHELIAL CHANNELS;103
7.5.4;DEVELOPMENT OF VASCULAR MURAL CELLS;109
7.5.5;CELL–CELL SIGNALING: ENDOTHELIAL/MURAL CELL DEVELOPMENT;114
7.5.6;EMBRYONIC AND FETAL VASCULAR DEVELOPMENT;117
7.5.7;POSTNATAL VASCULAR DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH;124
7.5.8;VASCULAR GROWTH AND REORGANIZATION IN THE ADULT;126
7.5.9;VESSELL WALL REORGANIZATION IN AGING;127
7.5.10;FAILURE TO DEVELOP THE NORMAL QUOTA OF VASCULAR UNITS AND A FUNCTIONALLY “NORMAL” LUNG;128
7.5.11;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;129
7.5.12;REFERENCES;129
7.6;Chapter 6 - Developmental Physiology of the Pulmonary Circulation;138
7.6.1;INTRODUCTION;138
7.6.2;LUNG VASCULAR GROWTH;138
7.6.3;CONTROL OF THE DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS;146
7.6.4;CONCLUSIONS;149
7.6.5;REFERENCES;150
7.7;Chapter 7 - Development of Salt and Water Transport across Airway and Alveolar Epithelia;154
7.7.1;TRANSPORT PROCESSES UNDERLYING SECRETION AND ABSORPTION ACROSS PULMONARY EPITHELIA;154
7.7.2;CELLULAR BASIS OF SECRETION AND ABSORPTION;156
7.7.3;INTACT ADULT LUNG;157
7.7.4;CULTURES OF ADULT TYPE II CELLS;158
7.7.5;INTACT FETAL LUNG;158
7.7.6;FETAL LUNG EXPLANTS;159
7.7.7;CULTURES OF FETAL ALVEOLAR TYPE II CELLS;159
7.7.8;ADULT AIRWAY EPITHELIUM;160
7.7.9;FETAL AND NEWBORN AIRWAY EPITHELIUM;160
7.7.10;PERINATAL ABSORPTION OF LIQUID;161
7.7.11;CONCLUSIONS;165
7.7.12;REFERENCES;165
7.8;Chapter 8 - Physical, Endocrine, and Growth Factors in Lung Development;174
7.8.1;INTRODUCTION;174
7.8.2;ROLE OF PHYSICAL FACTORS IN REGULATING FETAL LUNG DEVELOPMENT;174
7.8.3;MECHANOTRANSDUCTION MECHANISMS;180
7.8.4;ROLE OF GROWTH FACTORS IN LUNG DEVELOPMENT;184
7.8.5;CIRCULATING FACTORS AND METABOLIC INFLUENCES ON LUNG DEVELOPMENT;186
7.8.6;CONCLUSION;189
7.8.7;REFERENCES;190
7.9;Chapter 9 - The Development of the Pulmonary Surfactant System;200
7.9.1;INTRODUCTION;200
7.9.2;ASSEMBLY AND RELEASE OF SURFACTANT;200
7.9.3;COMPOSITION OF PULMONARY SURFACTANT;200
7.9.4;FUNCTIONS OF THE SURFACTANT FILM;203
7.9.5;FUNCTIONS OF THE PULMONARY SURFACTANT SYSTEM;204
7.9.6;REGULATION OF SURFACTANT SECRETION;206
7.9.7;DEVELOPMENT OF THE PULMONARY SURFACTANT SYSTEM;208
7.9.8;SURFACTANT DEFICIENCY LEADING TO NEONATAL RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME;213
7.9.9;CONCLUSIONS;217
7.9.10;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;217
7.9.11;REFERENCES;217
7.10;Chapter 10 - Ontogeny of the Pulmonary Immune System;228
7.10.1;INTRODUCTION;228
7.10.2;POSTNATAL MATURATION OF SYSTEMIC IMMUNITY;228
7.10.3;POSTNATAL MATURATION OF PULMONARY MUCOSAL IMMUNITY;232
7.10.4;CONCLUSIONS;236
7.10.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;236
7.10.6;REFERENCES;236
7.11;Chapter 11 - Development of Antioxidant and Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzyme Systems;240
7.11.1;IMPORTANCE OF ANTIOXIDANTS AND XENOBIOTIC METABOLIZING ENZYMES;240
7.11.2;DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME SYSTEMS;240
7.11.3;DEVELOPMENT OF XENOBIOTIC METABOLIZING ENZYME SYSTEMS;242
7.11.4;CONCLUSIONS;244
7.11.5;REFERENCES;245
7.12;Chapter 12 - Stretch and Grow: Mechanical Forces in Compensatory Lung Growth;250
7.12.1;INTRODUCTION;250
7.12.2;TISSUE AND MECHANICAL FORCES IN LUNG DEVELOPMENT;250
7.12.3;MECHANICAL FORCES FOLLOWING PNEUMONECTOMY;252
7.12.4;POST-PNEUMONECTOMY COMPENSATORY RESPONSE;253
7.12.5;MANIPULATING MECHANICAL SIGNALS IN COMPENSATORY LUNG GROWTH;257
7.12.6;COMPENSATORY AIRWAY GROWTH, REMODELING, AND FUNCTION;259
7.12.7;REGULATORY PATTERNS DURING DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPENSATORY GROWTH;261
7.12.8;AMPLIFYING COMPENSATORY LUNG GROWTH;262
7.12.9;CONCLUSIONS;262
7.12.10;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;263
7.12.11;REFERENCES;263
7.13;Chapter 13 - Pulmonary Transition at Birth;268
7.13.1;INTRODUCTION;268
7.13.2;FETAL LUNG MATURATION, GLUCOCORTICOIDS, AND BIRTH;268
7.13.3;AIRWAY LIQUID CLEARANCE BEFORE BIRTH;269
7.13.4;LUNG LIQUID CLEARANCE AT BIRTH;270
7.13.5;AIRWAY LIQUID CLEARANCE AFTER BIRTH;271
7.13.6;THE PHYSIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF LUNG AERATION;273
7.13.7;CHANGES IN PULMONARY BLOOD FLOW AT BIRTH;273
7.13.8;DYNAMIC CHANGES IN THE DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS AT BIRTH;277
7.13.9;FETAL BREATHING AND THE ONSET OF CONTINUOUS BREATHING AT BIRTH;277
7.13.10;CONCLUSIONS;278
7.13.11;REFERENCES;278
7.14;Chapter 14 - Normal Aging of the Lung;282
7.14.1;INTRODUCTION;282
7.14.2;AGING, BODY MASS, AND THE LUNGS IN MAMMALS;283
7.14.3;LIFE SPAN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MOUSE;284
7.14.4;LIFE SPAN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RAT;289
7.14.5;GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LUNGS IN AGING DOGS;297
7.14.6;GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LUNGS IN AGING RHESUS MONKEY;299
7.14.7;OVERALL CONCLUSIONS;300
7.14.8;REFERENCES;300
7.15;Chapter 15 - Cell-Based Strategies for the Treatment of Injury to the Developing Lung;304
7.15.1;INTRODUCTION;304
7.15.2;ENDOGENOUS LUNG STEM/PROGENITOR CELLS;305
7.15.3;THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF STEM CELLS FOR NEONATAL LUNG INJURY;307
7.15.4;FROM BENCH TO BEDSIDE: CLINICAL TRIALS IN PRETERM INFANTS WITH BPD;312
7.15.5;CONCLUSIONS;312
7.15.6;REFERENCES;312
7.16;Chapter 16 - Epigenetics and the Developmental Origins of Lung Disease;316
7.16.1;INTRODUCTION;316
7.16.2;HUMAN EVIDENCE FOR THE DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF LUNG DISEASE;316
7.16.3;LESSONS FROM ANIMAL STUDIES;317
7.16.4;EPIGENETICS IN THE DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF LUNG DISEASE;318
7.16.5;EPIGENETICS IN THE DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF LUNG DISEASE;320
7.16.6;FUTURE PERSPECTIVES;321
7.16.7;CONCLUSIONS;321
7.16.8;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;322
7.16.9;REFERENCES;322
8;Part II - Environmental Influences on Lung Development and Aging;326
8.1;Chapter 17 - Pulmonary Consequences of Preterm Birth;328
8.1.1;INTRODUCTION;328
8.1.2;CAUSES AND ADVERSE OUTCOMES OF PRETERM BIRTH;328
8.1.3;PRETERM BIRTH AS AN ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCE ON LUNG DEVELOPMENT;330
8.1.4;CONCLUSION;339
8.1.5;REFERENCES;339
8.2;Chapter 18 - The Effects of Neonatal Hyperoxia on Lung Development;346
8.2.1;INTRODUCTION;346
8.2.2;PRETERM BIRTH;346
8.2.3;EFFECTS OF NEONATAL HYPEROXIA ON LUNG DEVELOPMENT;349
8.2.4;MECHANISMS OF ALTERED LUNG DEVELOPMENT;356
8.2.5;INFLUENCE OF HYPEROXIA ON SUSCEPTIBILITY TO INFECTION;358
8.2.6;POTENTIAL THERAPIES;358
8.2.7;CONCLUSIONS;360
8.2.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;360
8.2.9;REFERENCES;360
8.3;Chapter 19 - The Influence of Nutrition on Lung Development before and after Birth;366
8.3.1;INTRODUCTION;366
8.3.2;CAUSES OF RESTRICTED FETAL NUTRITION AND GROWTH;366
8.3.3;ASSOCIATION BETWEEN IUGR, GENES, AND LONG-TERM HEALTH OUTCOMES;369
8.3.4;PROGRAMMING EFFECTS OF GROWTH RESTRICTION ON LUNG FUNCTION AND RESPIRATORY HEALTH: HUMAN DATA;369
8.3.5;EFFECTS OF NUTRIENT RESTRICTION ON THE DEVELOPING LUNG: EXPERIMENTAL FINDINGS;371
8.3.6;ELASTIN;375
8.3.7;COLLAGEN;375
8.3.8;PROTEOGLYCANS;375
8.3.9;EFFECTS OF HYPOXIA ON LUNG DEVELOPMENT;377
8.3.10;ROLE OF MICRONUTRIENTS IN LUNG DEVELOPMENT;378
8.3.11;NUTRITIONAL RESTRICTION AND THE MATURE LUNG;379
8.3.12;CONCLUSIONS;379
8.3.13;REFERENCES;380
8.4;Chapter 20 - Genetic Factors Involved in Susceptibility to Lung Disease;386
8.4.1;INTRODUCTION;386
8.4.2;RESEARCH STRATEGIES EMPLOYED TO IDENTIFY CANDIDATE DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY GENES;386
8.4.3;GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILTY TO ENVIRONMENTAL STIMULI;390
8.4.4;GENETIC SUSCEPTIBLITY TO ACUTE LUNG INJURY;392
8.4.5;GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY TO INFECTION;393
8.4.6;GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY TO OCCUPATIONAL LUNG DISEASE;395
8.4.7;CONTRIBUTION OF NUTRITION IN GENETIC SUSCEPTIBLITY TO LUNG DISEASE;396
8.4.8;SUMMARY;397
8.4.9;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;397
8.4.10;REFERENCES;397
8.5;Chapter 21 - Effects of Environmental Tobacco Smoke during Early Life Stages;402
8.5.1;INTRODUCTION;402
8.5.2;CONDITIONS OF EARLY LIFE ETS EXPOSURE;402
8.5.3;CRITICAL LIFE STAGES AND ETS;404
8.5.4;CONCLUSIONS;411
8.5.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;411
8.5.6;REFERENCES;411
8.6;Chapter 22 - Nicotine Exposure during Early Development: Effects on the Lung;416
8.6.1;INTRODUCTION;416
8.6.2;UPTAKE OF NICOTINE;416
8.6.3;NICOTINE AND CELL SIGNALING: APOPTOSIS AND LUNG DEVELOPMENT;420
8.6.4;CONCLUSIONS;425
8.6.5;REFERENCES;425
8.7;Chapter 23 - Exposure to Allergens during Development;430
8.7.1;INTRODUCTION;430
8.7.2;INFLUENCE OF IN UTERO EXPOSURE TO ALLERGENS ON DEVELOPMENT OF THE ATOPIC PHENOTYPE;431
8.7.3;NEONATAL EXPOSURE TO ALLERGENS;434
8.7.4;EXPOSURE TO ALLERGENS DURING THE JUVENILE PERIOD;435
8.7.5;INTERACTION OF ALLERGENS WITH ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS DURING DEVELOPMENT;436
8.7.6;SUMMARY;438
8.7.7;REFERENCES;438
8.8;Chapter 24 - The Epidemiology of Air Pollution and Childhood Lung Diseases;440
8.8.1;INTRODUCTION;440
8.8.2;AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION;440
8.8.3;AIR POLLUTION AND ASTHMA;441
8.8.4;AIR POLLUTION AND BRONCHITIS, BRONCHIOLITIS;447
8.8.5;AIR POLLUTION AND LUNG DISEASES: THE MODIFYING FACTORS;450
8.8.6;GENE-BY-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION AND LUNG DISEASES;451
8.8.7;REFERENCES;452
8.9;Chapter 25 - Environmental Toxicants and Lung Development in Experimental Models;456
8.9.1;ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE;456
8.9.2;BIOACTIVATED COMPOUNDS;456
8.9.3;OXIDANT GASES;457
8.9.4;CORTICOSTEROIDS;458
8.9.5;MISCELLANEOUS COMPOUNDS;459
8.9.6;CONCLUSIONS;459
8.9.7;REFERENCES;460
8.10;Chapter 26 - Effect of Environment and Aging on the Pulmonary Surfactant System;464
8.10.1;INTRODUCTION;464
8.10.2;EFFECT OF THE INTRAUTERINE ENVIRONMENT ON THE DEVELOPING PULMONARY SURFACTANT SYSTEM;464
8.10.3;EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE ADULT PULMONARY SURFACTANT SYSTEM;471
8.10.4;NATURAL AGING EFFECTS ON THE PULMONARY SURFACTANT SYSTEM;476
8.10.5;CONCLUSION;478
8.10.6;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;478
8.10.7;REFERENCES;478
8.11;Chapter 27 - Environmental Determinants of Lung Aging;488
8.11.1;INTRODUCTION;488
8.11.2;FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF THE AGING LUNG TO DISEASE;489
8.11.3;SUSCEPTIBILITY OF THE AGING LUNG TO ENVIRONMENTAL INJURY;493
8.11.4;NON-NEOPLASTIC DISEASES OF THE LUNG ASSOCIATED WITH AGING;495
8.11.5;CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS;501
8.11.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;501
8.11.7;REFERENCES;501
9;Index;510
10;Color Plates;518

Leseproben

Contributors

Steven H. Abman

The Pediatric Heart Lung Center

Departments of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA

Kurt H. Albertine,     Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, and Neurobiology & Anatomy, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

Diane E. Capen,     Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA

Wellington V. Cardoso,     Columbia Center for Human Development, Pulmonary Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

Jocelyn Claude,     Center for Health and the Environment, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA

Candace M. Crowley,     Department of Anatomy, Physiology, & Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA

Ernest Cutz

Division of Pathology, Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

Christopher B. Daniels,     Barbara Hardy Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia

Reuben B. Dodson

The Pediatric Heart Lung Center

Departments of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA

Nicolle J. Domnik,     Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Physiology Program, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada

Michelle Fanucchi,     School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA

Michelle V. Fanucchi,     Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA

John T. Fisher

Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Physiology Program, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada

Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada

Csaba Galambos

The Pediatric Heart Lung Center

Departments of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA

Laurel J. Gershwin,     University of California – Davis, Davis, Veterinary Medicine (PMI), Davis, CA, USA

Rakesh Ghosh,     Division of Environmental Health, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Francis H.Y. Green,     Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Richard Harding,     Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia

Matt J. Herring,     Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Center for Health and the Environment, California National Primate Research Center, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA

Irva Hertz-Picciotto,     Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA

Stuart B. Hooper,     The Ritchie Centre, MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, and The Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia

Connie C.W. Hsia,     Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA

Dallas M. Hyde,     Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Center for Health and the Environment, California National Primate Research Center, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA

Rosemary Jones,     Harvard Medical School and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

Lisa A. Joss-Moore,     Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

Marcus J. Kitchen,     School of Physics, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia

Steven R. Kleeberger,     Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health Research Triangle Park, NC, USA

Robert H. Lane,     Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, WI, USA

Gert S. Maritz,     Department of Physiological Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa

Robert De Matteo,     Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia

Zachary McCaw,     Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health Research Triangle Park, NC, USA

Annie R.A. McDougall,     The Ritchie Centre, MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, and The Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia

Stephen E. McGowan,     Department of Veterans Affairs Research Service, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA

Lisa A. Miller,     Department of Anatomy, Physiology, & Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA

Munemasa Mori,     Columbia Center for Human Development, Pulmonary Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

Janna L. Morrison,     School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia

Jennifer L. Nichols,     Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA

Sandra Orgeig,     School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia

Kent E. Pinkerton,     Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Center for Health and the Environment, California National Primate Research Center, John Muir Institute of the Environment, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA

Charles Plopper,     School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA

Lynne Reid,     Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

Megan O’ Reilly,     Department of Pediatrics and Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

Melissa L. Siew,     The Ritchie Centre, MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, VIC, Australia

Suzette Smiley-Jewell,     Center for Health and the Environment, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA, USA

Foula Sozo,     Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

Lucy C. Sullivan,     Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

Arjan B. te Pas,     Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands

Bernard Thébaud

Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada

Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) and CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada

Kirsten C. Verhein,     Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health Research Triangle Park, NC, USA

Megan J. Wallace,     The Ritchie Centre, MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, and The Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC,...