Pfeifer German Community Pharmacists

From Product-Oriented Suppliers to Patient-Oriented Health Care Professionals
2. Auflage 2015
ISBN: 978-3-8452-6087-7
Verlag: Nomos
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 147 Seiten, Format (B × H): 153 mm x 227 mm

When one analyses the work of German pharmacists, one finds that only those pharmacists working in hospital pharmacies, the pharmaceutical industry, research, and regulatory affairs have full autonomous control over their area of expertise. Even though German community pharmacists are highly trained and respected healthcare specialists working for the benefit of their patients, they still lack full autonomous control and authority over certain essential areas of their expertise, which results in their professionalisation being incomplete. Community pharmacists thus need to combine two different identities ? being healthcare professionals and establishing a commercially successful community pharmacy practice.

This book illustrates how those goals can be achieved by using the best international elements to implement new advanced pharmaceutical care practice standards into German community pharmacies, while also applying the theories of the French philosopher Michel Foucault to German community pharmacies for the first time.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Pfeifer, Jochen

Fachgebiete

• Sozialwissenschaften Soziologie | Soziale Arbeit Spezielle Soziologie Wirtschaftssoziologie, Arbeitssoziologie, Organisationssoziologie
• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Pharmazie Apothekenwesen, Apothekenpraxis
• Sozialwissenschaften Soziologie | Soziale Arbeit Spezielle Soziologie Gesundheitssoziologie, Medizinsoziologie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Cover;1
2; Summary;16
3; 1. Professional Status of German community pharmacists;18
4; 2. Community Pharmacists in Germany: History and Challenges;22
4.1; 2.1 History;22
4.2; 2.2 Overview;24
4.3; 2.3 Differences between “Pharmaceutical Advice“ and “Pharmaceutical Care“;26
4.3.1; 2.3.1 Introduction;26
4.3.2; 2.3.2 Pharmaceutical advice;28
4.3.3; 2.3.3 Pharmaceutical care;31
4.3.4; 2.3.4 Evidence based approaches;34
4.4; 2.4 Selective care projects in Germany;35
4.4.1; 2.4.1 Geriatric Pharmacy;35
4.4.2; 2.4.2 Pharmacist-led intervention to improve inhalation technique in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients;36
5; 3. Relevance of Foucault’s work to pharmacy practice;38
5.1; 3.1 Introduction;38
5.2; 3.2 Foucault’s “Birth of the Clinic”;39
5.3; 3.3 Power and knowledge;41
5.4; 3.4 Pharmacists taking control over patients;44
5.5; 3.5 Patients exercising power and control;45
5.6; 3.6 Discussion;48
6; 4. German community pharmacists’ social authority and professionalization;50
6.1; 4.1 Introduction;50
6.2; 4.2 Abraham Flexner: “Physician thinks, pharmacist obeys”;51
6.3; 4.3 The “trait” approach;52
6.4; 4.4 “Impure Status“ of community pharmacists;53
6.5; 4.5 “Mystique” of community pharmacists’ role;54
6.6; 4.6 Talcott Parsons’ concept of the “sick role”;55
6.7; 4.7 Community pharmacists’ professionalization and the U.S. Supreme Court;57
6.8; 4.8 Norman Denzin’s “incomplete professionalization”;58
6.8.1; 4.8.1 Introduction;58
6.8.2; 4.8.2 Control over social objects by community pharmacists in 2013;59
6.8.3; 4.8.3 ‘Over-qualification’ of pharmacists;60
6.8.4; 4.8.4 Full autonomous control over prescription drugs;62
6.8.5; 4.8.5 Full autonomous control over OTC medication;63
6.9; 4.9 Social positioning of community pharmacists;66
6.10; 4.10 Psychological reactance;67
6.11; 4.11 Discussion;68
7; 5. Quality of pharmacy practice;74
7.1; 5.1 Introduction;74
7.2; 5.2 Definition;74
7.3; 5.3 Donabedian’s model of evaluating community pharmacists’ quality;75
7.4; 5.4 FIP’s and WHO’s Quality standards;76
7.4.1; 5.4.1 Distribution;76
7.4.2; 5.4.2 Assessment of patient health status and needs;77
7.4.3; 5.4.3 Management of medication therapy;77
7.4.4; 5.4.4 Educating prescribers;77
7.4.5; 5.4.5 Monitoring of patients’ outcomes;78
7.4.6; 5.4.6 Providing information on health related issues;78
7.5; 5.5 The Seven-Star-Pharmacist concept of the United Nations;78
8; 6. Implementation of international best practice elements;80
8.1; 6.1 Definition of “Best practice”;80
8.2; 6.2 Implementation process;81
8.3; 6.3 Education;81
8.3.1; 6.3.1 Germany;82
8.3.2; 6.3.2 U.S.A.;84
8.3.3; 6.3.3 Australia;85
8.3.4; 6.3.4 France;86
8.3.5; 6.3.5 United Kingdom;87
8.3.6; 6.3.6 Discussion;87
8.4; 6.4 Essential community pharmacy services;90
8.5; 6.5 Advanced services;91
8.5.1; 6.5.1 Medication Therapy Management (MTM);91
8.5.2; 6.5.2 Consulting Pharmacists;94
8.5.3; 6.5.3 Collaborative pharmacy practice including prescribing rights for the community pharmacist;96
8.5.4; 6.5.4 Patient Centered Medical Home;100
8.5.5; 6.5.5 Implementation of advanced services into German community pharmacies;102
8.5.6; 6.5.6 New forms of payment;105
9; 7. The International Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience of the University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy, in a German community pharmacy;110
10; 8. Implementation of advanced pharmacy services into German community pharmacy according to the recommendations of the ADVISORY COUNCIL on the Assessment of Developments in the Health Care System;114
10.1; 8.1 Introduction;114
10.2; 8.2 New forms of direct patient care;115
10.3; 8.3 Practice Management;117
10.4; 8.4 Implementation in German community pharmacies using the concept of “Diffusion of innovation“;119
10.5; 8.5 Discussion;121
11; 9. Proposal: Mission Statement for German pharmacists;124
11.1; 9.1 Introduction of a mission statement;124
11.2; 9.2 Proposition of a new mission statement;125
12; 10 Outlook;128
13; Bibliography;134