Peng / Qin / Phan Ferromagnetic Microwire Composites

From Sensors to Microwave Applications
1. Auflage 2016
ISBN: 978-3-319-29276-2
Verlag: Springer Nature Switzerland
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 257 Seiten

Reihe: Engineering Materials and Processes

Situated at the forefront of interdisciplinary research on ferromagnetic microwires and their multifunctional composites, this book starts with a comprehensive treatment of the processing, structure, properties and applications of magnetic microwires. Special emphasis is placed on the giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) effect, which forms the basis for developing high-performance magnetic sensors. After defining the key criteria for selecting microwires for various types of GMI sensors, the book illustrates how ferromagnetic microwires are employed as functional fillers to create a new class of composite materials with multiple functionalities for sensing and microwave applications. Readers are introduced to state-of-the-art fabrication methods, microwave tunable properties, microwave absorption and shielding behaviours, as well as the metamaterial characteristics of these newly developed ferromagnetic microwire composites. Lastly, potential engineering applications are proposed so as to highlight the most promising perspectives, current challenges and possible solutions.


Dr. Faxiang Qin Dr. Faxiang Qin is currently a research professor in the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Zhejiang University, China. He also serves as the associate director of the Institute for Composites Science Innovation there. He was a JSPS fellow at National Institute for Materials Science, Japan from 2013-2015. Prior to that, he was a post-doctoral researcher in Advanced Composite Centre for Innovation and Science at the University of Bristol and Lab-STICC at Université de Bretagne Occidentale from 2010 to 2013. He received the MSc in nano-materials from the South China University of Technology in 2007 and Ph.D in multifunctional composites from the University of Bristol in 2010. He was a recipient of the Overseas Research Students Awards Scheme (ORSAS) and the University of Bristol Postgraduate Student Scholarship. He was nominated for the Exceptional Thesis Prize and selected as one of the two candidates at Bristol for UK Royal Academy Engineering Fellowship. He was also an awardee of Zhejiang Province Thousand Talents Senior Fellowship in China, Discovery Early Career Researcher Award in Australia, Finistère Postdoctoral Fellowship in France, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Fellowship. His research interest lies in magnetic materials, nanomaterials, multifunctional composites and applied physics. His work has been documented in more than 60 international refereed journal papers published in prestigious journals in materials and physics.Dr. Manh-Huong Phan
Dr. Manh-Huong Phan is an Associate Professor of Physics at the University of South Florida, USA. He received B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in Physics from Vietnam National University in 2000, Chungbuk National University in 2003, and Bristol University in 2006, respectively.  Dr. Phan's research interests lie in the physics and applications of magnetic materials. He is a leading expert in the area of functional magnetic materials and nanostructures with magnetocaloric and magnetoimpedance effects for energy-efficient magnetic refrigeration and smart sensor technologies. He has co-authored more than 200 peer-reviewed journal papers (h-index: 30), 4 review papers, and 5 book chapters. He serves as an Associate Editor of the Journal of Electronic Materials (ISI journal, Impact factor: 1.8) and is an active reviewer for more than 90 major international journals, with 'Outstanding Referee' awards from the Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials in 2013 and 2015. He has delivered plenary and invited talks at professional meetings on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (2007-present) and involved in organizing international conferences on Nanomaterials, Energy and Nanotechnology (2011-present). Prof. Hua-Xin Peng Prof. Hua-Xin Peng joined Zhejiang University as a Distinguished Professor of Aerospace Materials in 2014 under the Global Talent Recruitment Plan from the University of Bristol, UK where he was a full Professor in the Advanced Composites Centre for Innovation and Science (ACCIS) in the Department of Aerospace Engineering. He gained his PhD (1996) and MSc (1993) in composite materials in Harbin Institute of Technology and BEng (1990) in Zhejiang University.  He was the founding Deputy Director of the Bristol Centre for Nanoscience and Quantum Information and worked as a Research Fellow in the Materials Department at Oxford University (2001-2) and Brunel University (1998-2000).  His research activities focus on nanomaterial through engineering to applications and innovative design of composite microstructures for multi-functionalities. The latter involves the development of ferromagnetic microwire (meta-) composites for a range of ingenious engineering applications such as structural health monitoring and microwave absorption.  Prof. Peng is the founding Director of the Institute for Composites Science Innovation (InCSI) at Zhejiang University and one of the founding Editors of the Elsevier journal Composites Communications (COCO).

Autoren/Hrsg.

Peng, Hua-Xin

Qin, Faxiang

Phan, Manh-Huong

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Foreword;6
2;Preface;8
3;Contents;10
4;About the Authors;15
5;1 Introduction;17
5.1;1.1 Giant Magnetoimpedance Sensors Using Magnetic Microwires;17
5.2;1.2 Multifunctional Microwire-Based Composites;19
5.3;References;22
6;2 Fabrication of Ferromagnetic Wires;25
6.1;2.1 Melt Spinning;25
6.2;2.2 In-rotating Water Spinning;26
6.3;2.3 Taylor-Wire Process;27
6.4;2.4 Glass-Coated Melt Spinning;27
6.5;2.5 Electrodeposition;29
6.6;2.6 Melt Extraction;31
6.7;2.7 Comparison of the Fabrication Technologies;32
6.8;2.8 Techniques of Glass-Covering Removal;33
6.9;2.9 Concluding Remarks;33
6.10;References;34
7;3 Domain Structure and Properties of GMI Materials;37
7.1;3.1 Domain Structure;37
7.2;3.2 Magnetic Properties;43
7.2.1;3.2.1 Hysteresis Loops;43
7.2.2;3.2.2 Permeability;45
7.2.3;3.2.3 Magnetisation Processes;46
7.3;3.3 Mechanical Properties;47
7.4;3.4 Electrical Properties;49
7.5;3.5 Chemical Properties;50
7.6;References;51
8;4 Giant Magnetoimpedance: Concept, Theoretical Models, and Related Phenomena;54
8.1;4.1 Eddy Currents and Skin Effect;54
8.2;4.2 Giant Magnetoimpedance (GMI) Effect;57
8.3;4.3 Impedance of a Magnetic Conductor;58
8.4;4.4 Theoretical Models;61
8.4.1;4.4.1 Quasi-Static Model;61
8.4.2;4.4.2 Eddy Current Model;62
8.4.3;4.4.3 Domain Model;63
8.4.4;4.4.4 Electromagnetic Model: Relationship Between GMI and FMR;64
8.4.5;4.4.5 Exchange-Conductivity Effect and Related Model;65
8.4.6;4.4.6 Other Models;67
8.5;4.5 Concluding Remarks;68
8.6;References;68
9;5 Influence of Measurement Parameters on Giant Magnetoimpedance;71
9.1;5.1 Alternating Current Amplitude;71
9.2;5.2 Magnetic Field;72
9.3;5.3 Measurement Frequency;73
9.4;5.4 Measurement Temperature;75
9.5;5.5 Concluding Remarks;77
9.6;References;77
10;6 Influence of Processing Parameters on GMI;79
10.1;6.1 Effect of Glass Coating on GMI;79
10.1.1;6.1.1 Amorphous Wires;79
10.1.2;6.1.2 Nanocrystalline Wires;81
10.2;6.2 Effect of Sample Geometry on GMI;81
10.2.1;6.2.1 Sample Length;81
10.2.2;6.2.2 Sample Thickness;82
10.2.3;6.2.3 Sample Surface;83
10.2.4;6.2.4 Sample Axes;84
10.3;6.3 Effect of Annealing on GMI;85
10.3.1;6.3.1 Conventional Annealing;85
10.3.2;6.3.2 Field Annealing;86
10.3.3;6.3.3 Current Annealing;86
10.3.3.1;6.3.3.1 Joule Heating;86
10.3.3.2;6.3.3.2 Alternating Current Annealing;87
10.3.4;6.3.4 Conventional Stress Annealing;87
10.3.5;6.3.5 Simultaneous Stress and Magnetic Field Annealing;88
10.3.6;6.3.6 Simultaneous Stress and Current Annealing;89
10.3.7;6.3.7 Laser Annealing;89
10.4;6.4 Effect of Applied Stress on GMI;90
10.5;6.5 Effect of Neutron Irradiation on GMI;91
10.6;6.6 Effect of Hydrogen Charging on GMI;92
10.7;6.7 Effect of pH Value on GMI;92
10.8;6.8 Effect of Magnetostriction on GMI;92
10.9;6.9 After-Effect of GMI;93
10.10;6.10 Effect of LC Resonance Circuit on GMI;94
10.11;References;95
11;7 Selection of GMI Wires for Sensor Applications;101
11.1;7.1 Criteria for Selecting GMI Materials;101
11.2;7.2 Evaluation of GMI Wires;102
11.2.1;7.2.1 Co-Based Wires;102
11.2.2;7.2.2 Fe-Based Wires;103
11.2.3;7.2.3 Electrodeposited Wires;104
11.2.4;7.2.4 Multilayer Wires;105
11.3;7.3 Nominated GMI Materials for Sensor Applications;107
11.4;References;109
12;8 Giant Magnetoimpedance Sensors and Their Applications;113
12.1;8.1 Types of Giant Magnetoimpedance-Based Sensors;113
12.1.1;8.1.1 Magnetic Field Sensors;113
12.1.2;8.1.2 Passive, Wireless Magnetic Field Sensors;114
12.1.3;8.1.3 Current Sensors;115
12.1.4;8.1.4 Stress Sensors;116
12.1.5;8.1.5 RF and Energy Sensors;117
12.1.6;8.1.6 Temperature Sensors;118
12.2;8.2 Applications of Giant Magnetoimpedance-Based Sensors;119
12.2.1;8.2.1 Target Detection and Control of Industrial Processes;119
12.2.2;8.2.2 Space Research and Aerospace Applications;121
12.2.3;8.2.3 Electronic Compasses;122
12.2.4;8.2.4 High-Density Information Storage;122
12.2.5;8.2.5 Traffic Control;123
12.2.6;8.2.6 Magnetic Tracking Systems;123
12.2.7;8.2.7 Magnetic Rotary Encoders;124
12.2.8;8.2.8 Non-destructive Crack Detection;125
12.2.9;8.2.9 Biological Detection;125
12.2.10;8.2.10 Magnetic Anomaly Detection and Geomagnetic Measurements;128
12.2.11;8.2.11 Stress-Sensing Applications;128
12.2.12;8.2.12 Other Applications;128
12.3;References;129
13;9 Multifunctional Microwire Composites: Concept, Design and Fabrication;132
13.1;9.1 Concept of Multifunctional Composites;132
13.2;9.2 Design and Preparation of Microwire Composites;133
13.2.1;9.2.1 General Design Strategy;133
13.2.2;9.2.2 Microwires--Epoxy;135
13.2.3;9.2.3 Microwires--Elastomers;135
13.2.4;9.2.4 Microwire E-glass Prepregs;137
13.3;References;139
14;10 Basic Magnetic and Mechanical Properties of Microwire Composites;141
14.1;10.1 Magnetic Properties of Composites;141
14.2;10.2 Giant Magnetoimpedance Effect;143
14.3;10.3 Giant Stress Impedance Effect;145
14.4;10.4 Mechanical Properties;149
14.5;References;152
15;11 Microwave Tunable Properties of Microwire Composites;155
15.1;11.1 Basic Theory of Field and Stress Tunable Properties;155
15.1.1;11.1.1 Effective Permittivity;155
15.1.2;11.1.2 Impedance Tensor;157
15.1.3;11.1.3 Stress and Field Dependence of Impedance and Permittivity;158
15.2;11.2 Measurement Techniques;161
15.2.1;11.2.1 Free-Space Measurement System;161
15.2.2;11.2.2 Microwave Frequency-Domain Spectroscopy;163
15.3;11.3 Low-Field Tunable Properties;165
15.3.1;11.3.1 Field Effect on the Impedance of Single Wire;165
15.3.2;11.3.2 Continuous-Wire Composites;165
15.3.2.1;11.3.2.1 Influence of Wire Periodicity;166
15.3.2.2;11.3.2.2 Influence of Wire Diameter;169
15.3.2.3;11.3.2.3 Influence of Wire Composition;171
15.3.3;11.3.3 Short-Wire Composites;173
15.4;11.4 High Field Tunable Properties;176
15.4.1;11.4.1 High Field Dependence of Permittivity;176
15.4.2;11.4.2 Crossover Phenomenon;180
15.4.3;11.4.3 Double-Peak Phenomenon;186
15.5;11.5 Stress Tunable Properties;192
15.5.1;11.5.1 Stress Sensing Based on Microwires;193
15.5.2;11.5.2 Stress Tunable Properties of Composites;195
15.5.2.1;11.5.2.1 Stress Tunable Properties of Composites in Free Space;195
15.5.2.2;11.5.2.2 Stress Influence of Electromagnetic Properties Measured by Spectroscopy;199
15.6;11.6 Temperature Tunable Properties;205
15.7;References;206
16;12 Microwave Absorption Behaviour;213
16.1;12.1 Microwave Absorption Theory;214
16.2;12.2 Dielectric Loss Dominated Absorption;219
16.3;12.3 Magnetic Loss Dominated Absorbing;225
16.4;12.4 Other Absorbers Based on Microwires;228
16.5;References;229
17;13 Microwire-Based Metacomposites;233
17.1;13.1 Brief Introduction to Metamaterial;233
17.1.1;13.1.1 Fundamentals of Metamaterials;233
17.1.2;13.1.2 Classification of and Approaches to Metamaterials;234
17.1.3;13.1.3 Applications of Metamaterials;236
17.2;13.2 Metacomposite Characteristics;238
17.3;References;252