Palladin Problems of the Biochemistry of the Nervous System

1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4832-2585-2
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 342 Seiten, Web PDF

Problems of the Biochemistry of the Nervous System is a collection of papers presented at the Second Conference on the 'Biochemistry of the Nervous System, organized by the Institute of Biochemistry of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences on February 12-16, 1957. The contributors consider particularly Soviet's considerable research works in the field of functional biochemistry and the dynamic aspects of the biochemistry of the central nervous system. This text is organized into 11 parts encompassing 33 chapters, and begins with reviews on proteins and their metabolism in the brain and peripheral nerves; the effect of functional states such as excitation and inhibition upon them; and the changes occurring in their metabolism during growth. The succeeding parts contain articles about phosphorus-containing substances and methods of their investigation. These topics are followed by discussion of the chemical nature of a brain glycogen and its different fractions; carbohydrate metabolism during excitation and inhibition; and the adrenaline metabolism. Other parts tackle the ammonia metabolism, the developmental biochemistry of the brain, and the histochemical approach to study nucleoproteins of the neurons. The remaining parts deal with hypothermia and the cerebral metabolism in some pathological conditions. This book will prove useful to biochemists, biologists, and neurologists.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Palladin, A. V.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Problems of the Biochemistry of the Nervous System;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents ;6
5;EDITORS' PREFACE;10
6;PREFACE;12
7;PART I: PROTEINS IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND THEIR CHANGES IN DIFFERENT FUNCTIONAL STATES;14
7.1;CHAPTER 1. PROTEINS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM;16
7.1.1;METHOD;16
7.1.2;RESULTS;20
7.1.3;RATES OF PROTEIN TURNOVER IN NERVOUS TISSUE;23
7.1.4;RATE OF PROTEIN TURNOVER IN CEREBRAL TISSUES DURING EXCITATION;25
7.1.5;RATE OF PROTEIN TURNOVER DURING NARCOSIS;27
7.1.6;RATES OF PROTEIN TURNOVER RELATED TO AGE;27
7.1.7;SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS;29
7.1.8;REFERENCES;29
7.2;CHAPTER 2. THE RATE OF INCORPORATION OF AMINO ACIDS INTO CEREBRAL PROTEINS DURING VARIOUS FUNCTIONAL STATES;31
7.2.1;METHODS;31
7.2.2;QUANTITATIVE STUDIES OF THE RATE OF CEREBRAL PROTEIN TURNOVER;36
7.2.3;REFERENCES;38
7.3;CHAPTER 3. PROTEIN TURNOVER AND TISSUE RESPIRATION IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE BRAIN DURING AND AFTER DRUG-INDUCED SLEEP;39
7.3.1;METHODS;40
7.3.2;RESULTS;41
7.3.3;CONCLUSIONS;44
7.3.4;REFERENCES;45
8;PART II: PHOSPHATES IN NERVOUS TISSUE AND THEIR METABOLISM;46
8.1;CHAPTER 4. COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE NUCLEIC ACIDS AND PHOSPHOLIPIDS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM;48
8.1.1;RATE OF INCORPORATION OF 32P INTO PHOSPHATE COMPOUNDS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM;49
8.1.2;NUCLEOPROTEINS AND OTHER PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS EXTRACTED BY NaCl;51
8.1.3;REFERENCES;55
8.2;CHAPTER 5. ASPECTS OF LIPOPROTEIN TURNOVER IN THE BRAIN;57
8.2.1;METHODS;58
8.2.2;CONCLUSIONS;62
8.2.3;REFERENCES;63
8.3;CHAPTER 6. METABOLISM OF PHOSPHORYLCHOLINE ESTERS AND ETHANOLAMINE ESTERS IN THE BRAIN;64
8.3.1;SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS;69
8.3.2;REFERENCES;69
8.4;CHAPTER 7. GLYCOLYSIS AND PHOSPHOPROTEIN METABOLISM IN BRAIN SLICES;71
8.4.1;REFERENCES;76
8.5;CHAPTER 8. THE METABOLISM OF DIFFERENT PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN THE BRAIN;77
8.5.1;METHODS;77
8.5.2;FRACTIONATION OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS;78
8.5.3;CONCLUSIONS;83
8.5.4;REFERENCES;84
9;PART III: CARBOHYDRATE TURNOVER IN THE BRAIN;86
9.1;CHAPTER 9. UTILIZATION OF GLUCOSE AND PYRUVIC ACID BY THE BRAIN IN VARIOUS FUNCTIONAL STATES;88
9.1.1;BLOOD GLUCOSE AND PYRUVIC ACID DURING STIMULATION AND INHIBITION;89
9.1.2;UPTAKE OF GLUCOSE AND PYRUVIC ACID BY THE BRAIN DURING STIMULATION AND INHIBITION;91
9.1.3;REFERENCES;98
9.2;CHAPTER 10. METABOLISM AND CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF GLYCOGEN FRACTIONS IN THE BRAIN;100
9.2.1;THE RATE OF TURNOVER OF GLYCOGEN IN THE BRAIN;102
9.2.2;REFERENCES;107
9.3;CHAPTER 11. THE RATE OF TURNOVER OF CARBOHYDRATES AND LIPIDS IN THE BRAIN AND LIVER DURING EXCITATION AND DRUG-INDUCED SLEEP;109
9.3.1;METHOD;109
9.3.2;RESULTS;110
9.3.3;SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS;116
9.3.4;REFERENCES;117
10;PART IV: ADRENALINE METABOLISM OF CEREBRAL TISSUE 4;118
10.1;CHAPTER 12. ADRENALINE AND NORADRENALINE IN NERVOUS TISSUES AND EFFECTOR ORGANS;120
10.1.1;METHODS;120
10.1.2;THE LEVELS OF A D REN A LI NE-LIKE SUBSTANCES IN THE BRAIN;120
10.1.3;THE EFFECT OF STIMULATION OF MUSCLES ON THE ADRENALINE – H K E SUBSTANCES IN RABBIT BRAIN;122
10.1.4;ENDOCRINE INFLUENCES ON CATECHOLAMINES IN THE BRAIN;122
10.1.5;CHANGES IN THE CONTENT OF CATECHOLAMINES IN THE HEART DURING NERVE STIMULATION;124
10.1.6;DISCUSSION;125
10.1.7;SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS;126
10.1.8;REFERENCES;127
11;PART V: AMMONIA IN THE BRAIN DURING VARIOUS STATES;128
11.1;CHAPTER 13. SOURCES OF AMMONIA IN BRAIN HOMOGENATES;130
11.1.1;METHOD;130
11.1.2;FORMATION OF AMMONIA;131
11.1.3;GLUTAMINE AND GLUTAMIC ACID;133
11.1.4;PROTEIN;136
11.1.5;SUMMARY;138
11.1.6;REFERENCES;138
11.2;CHAPTER 14. FORMATION OF AMMONIA IN BRAIN SLICES;139
11.2.1;METHOD;140
11.2.2;DISCUSSION;142
11.2.3;CONCLUSIONS;145
11.2.4;REFERENCES;146
11.3;CHAPTER 15. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIFFERENT STAGES OF CONDITIONING AND THE AMMONIA CONTENT OF THE BRAIN;148
11.3.1;METHOD;149
11.3.2;REFERENCES;159
11.4;CHAPTER 16. AMMONIA DURING EXCITATION AND INHIBITION;160
11.4.1;REFERENCES;167
12;PART VI: BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE BRAIN DURING DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH;168
12.1;CHAPTER 17. OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION IN THE BRAIN IN VIVO;170
12.1.1;METHOD;170
12.1.2;RESULTS;173
12.1.3;THE PERMEABILITY OF THE BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER TO PHOSPHORUS;177
12.1.4;REFERENCES;181
12.2;CHAPTER 18. THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE METABOLISM OF LABILE PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS IN THE BRAINS OF COLD-BLOODED ANIMALS;182
12.2.1;SUMMARY;188
12.2.2;REFERENCES;189
13;PART VII: HISTOCHEMISTRY OF THE BRAIN 7;190
13.1;CHAPTER 19. LIPOPROTEIN PHOSPHORUS IN THE BRAIN OF RABBITS DURING ONTOGENESIS;192
13.1.1;METHODS;193
13.1.2;RESULTS;196
13.1.3;CONCLUSIONS;197
13.1.4;REFERENCES;198
13.2;CHAPTER 20. ENZYME ACTIVITY IN DIFFERENT AREAS OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX OF RABBITS AND DOGS DURING GROWTH;199
13.2.1;REFERENCES;207
13.3;CHAPTER 21. THE HISTOCHEMISTRY OF THE NUCLEOPROTEINS OF THE NEURONES IN RELATION TO THEIR FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY;209
13.3.1;SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS;215
13.3.2;REFERENCES;216
14;PART VIII: METABOLISM OF THE BRAIN DURING HYPOTHERMIA;218
14.1;CHAPTER 22. THE EFFECT OF INTERRUPTION OF THE CIRCULATION OF THE BRAIN DURING HYPOTHERMIA ON CEREBRAL METABOLISM;220
14.1.1;THE EFFECT OF HYPOTHERMIA ON THE ENERGY-RICH PHOSPHATES OF THE BRAIN;220
14.1.2;METHODS;221
14.1.3;RESULTS;221
14.1.4;THE EFFECT OF HYPOTHERMIA ON THE METABOLISM OF LIPIDS AND PROTEINS IN THE BRAIN;225
14.1.5;REFERENCES;230
14.2;CHAPTER 23. THE EFFECTS OF COLD, CHLORPROMAZINE AND SODIUM BARBITONE ON THE METABOLISM OF NERVOUS TISSUE;232
14.2.1;REFERENCES;240
14.3;CHAPTER 24. THE CARBOHYDRATE-PHOSPHORUS METABOLISM OF THE BRAIN DURING SUSPENDED ANIMATION UNDER HYPOTHERMIA AND AFTER SUBSEQUENT RESTORATION OF BODY FUNCTION;242
14.3.1;METHODS;242
14.3.2;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;243
14.3.3;REFERENCES;249
14.4;CHAPTER 25. CHANGES IN THE CONTENT OF ENERGY-RICH PHOSPHATES OF THE BRAIN DURING HYPOTHERMIA;251
14.4.1;METHOD;251
14.4.2;HYPOTHERMIA UNDER NARCOSIS;254
14.4.3;SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS;255
14.4.4;REFERENCES ;256
15;PART IX: EFFECTS OF RADIATION ON NERVOUS TISSUE;258
15.1;CHAPTER 26. THE EFFECT OF X-RAYS ON THE METABOLISM OF NERVOUS TISSUE;260
15.1.1;SUMMARY;263
15.1.2;REFERENCES ;263
15.2;CHAPTER 27. THE EFFECT OF ß-RADIATION ON THE PHOSPHORUS METABOLISM OF THE BRAIN;265
15.2.1;REFERENCES;269
15.3;CHAPTER 28. THE INFLUENCE OF IONIZING RADIATION ON THE METABOLISM OF BRAIN TISSUE;270
15.3.1;METHODS;271
15.3.2;REFERENCES;276
16;PART X: CHANGES IN CEREBRAL TISSUES DURING ILLNESS;278
16.1;CHAPTER 29. THE AMMONIA-GLUTAMINE-GLUTAMIC ACID SYSTEM AND OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION IN THE BRAIN DURING OXYGEN INTOXICATION;280
16.1.1;RESULTS;281
16.1.2;SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS;289
16.1.3;REFERENCES;289
16.2;CHAPTER 30. CHANGES IN THE CEREBROSIDES OF THE BRAIN DURING EXCITATION AND INHIBITION INDUCED BY TOXINS AND DRUGS;291
16.2.1;REFERENCES;296
16.3;CHAPTER 31. RESPIRATION AND GLYCOLYSIS DURING INFECTION WITH POLIOMYELITIS VIRUS;298
16.3.1;SUMMARY;303
16.3.2;REFERENCES;304
16.4;CHAPTER 32. BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES DURING EXPERIMENTALLY INCREASED INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE;305
16.4.1;RESULTS;306
16.4.2;MEASUREMENTS OF NUCLEIC ACIDS, PHOSPHOLIPIDS AND PHOSPHOPROTEINS;309
16.4.3;CONCLUSIONS;312
16.4.4;REFERENCES;313
17;PART XI: COMMUNICATION TO XXth INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF PHYSIOLOGY, BRUSSELS, 1956;314
17.1;33. THE FUNCTIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE BRAIN;316
17.1.1;THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND METABOLISM OF DIFFERENT FUNCTIONAL PARTS OF THE BRAIN;316
17.1.2;THE METABOLISM OF THE BRAIN DUR ING ONTOGENESIS AND PHYLOGENESIS;319
17.1.3;METABOLISM DURING STIMULATION;320
17.1.4;THE METABOLIS M OF INHIBITION;325
17.1.5;HYPOXIA;328
17.1.6;REFERENCES;329
18;AUTHOR INDEX;334
19;SUBJECT INDEX;340