Olsson MSc / Olsson / Rommer SAE and the Evolved Packet Core

Driving the Mobile Broadband Revolution
1. Auflage 2009
ISBN: 978-0-08-088870-5
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 464 Seiten

This book provides a clear, concise, complete and authoritative introduction to System Architecture Evolution (SAE) standardization work and its main outcome: the Evolved Packet Core (EPC), including potential services and operational scenarios. After providing an insightful overview of SAE's historical development, the book gives detailed explanations of the EPC architecture and key concepts as an introduction. In-depth technical descriptions of EPC follow, including thorough functional accounts of the different components of EPC, protocols, network entities and procedures. Case studies of deployment scenarios show how the functions described within EPC are placed within a live network context, while a description of the services that are predicted to be used shows what EPC as a core network can enable. This book is an essential resource for professionals and students who need to understand the latest developments in SAE and EPC, the 'engine' that connects broadband access to the internet. All of the authors have from their positions with Ericsson been actively involved in GPRS, SAE and 3GPP from a business and technical perspective for many years. Several of the authors have also been actively driving the standardization efforts within 3GPP. 'There is no doubt that this book, which appears just when the mobile industry starts its transition away from legacy GSM/GPRS and UMTS networks into the future will become the reference work on SAE/LTE. There are no better qualified persons than the authors of this book to provide both communication professionals and an interested general public with insights into the inner workings of SAE/LTE. Not only are they associated with one of the largest mobile network equipment vendors in the world, they have all actively contributed to and, in some cases, been the driving forces behind the development of SAE/LTE within 3GPP.' - from the foreword by Dr. Ulf Nilsson, TeliaSonera R&D, Mobility Core and Connectivity 'The authors have done an excellent job in writing this book. Their familiarity with the requirements, concepts and solution alternatives, as well as the standardization work allows them to present the material in a way that provides easy communication between Architecture and Standards groups and Planning/ Operational groups within service provider organizations.' - from the foreword by Dr. Kalyani Bogineni, Principal Architect, Verizon
Up-to-date coverage of SAE including the latest standards developmentEasily accessible overview of the architecture and concepts defined by SAEThorough description of the Evolved Packet Core for LTE, fixed and other wireless accessesComprehensive explanation of SAE key concepts, security and Quality-of-ServiceCovers potential service and operator scenarios including interworking with existing 3GPP and 3GPP2 systemsDetailed walkthrough of network entities, protocols and proceduresWritten by established experts in the SAE standardization process, all of whom have extensive experience and understanding of its goals, history and vision

Magnus Olsson is an expert in system architecture and standardization at Ericsson. He has worked with the overall mobile network architecture since joining Ericsson in 1995 and has over 10 years of experience in the standardization of mobile systems. He served as the chairman of 3GPP TSG SA WG2 (Architecture Working Group) for four years and has contributed to numerous specifications within this forum. He has been involved in driving the System Architecture Evolution (SAE) work item since its inception within 3GPP. He holds an MSc in Applied Physics and Electrical Engineering from the Linköping Institute of Technology.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Olsson MSc, Magnus

Olsson, Magnus

Rommer, Stefan

Mulligan, Catherine

Sultana BSc, Shabnam

Sultana, Shabnam

Frid MSc, Lars

Frid, Lars

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;SAE and the Evolved Packet Core: Driving the Mobile Broadband Revolution;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Contents;6
5;Foreword by Dr. Ulf Nilsson;14
6;Foreword by Dr. Kalyani Bogineni;16
7;Preface;18
8;Acknowledgements;24
9;Part I: Introduction – Background and Vision of EPC;26
9.1;Chapter 1 Mobile broadband and the core network evolution;28
9.1.1;1.1 The need for global standards;29
9.1.2;1.2 Origins of the EPC;30
9.1.2.1;1.2.1. 3GPP radio access technologies;31
9.1.2.2;1.2.2. 3GPP2 radio access technologies;34
9.1.2.3;1.2.3. Other forums involved in SAE;34
9.1.2.4;1.2.4. Dawn of EPC;35
9.1.2.5;1.2.5. SAE – building bridges between different networks;35
9.1.2.6;1.2.6. Introducing EPC – an operator's and end-user's perspective;37
9.2;Chapter 2 SAE history and background;39
9.2.1;2.1 Impact of standardization processes on SAE;39
9.2.2;2.2 Terminologies used in this book;44
10;Part II: Overview of EPS;48
10.1;Chapter 3 Architecture overview;50
10.1.1;3.1 EPS Architecture;50
10.1.1.1;3.1.1 Basic IP connectivity over LTE access;54
10.1.1.2;3.1.2 Adding more advanced functionality for LTE access;58
10.1.1.3;3.1.3 Interworking between LTE and GSM/GPRS or WCDMA/HSPA;60
10.1.1.4;3.1.4 Interworking between LTE and CDMA networks;68
10.1.1.5;3.1.5 Interworking between 3GPP access technologies and non-3GPP access technologies;71
10.1.1.6;3.1.6 Support for voice services;74
10.1.1.7;3.1.7 Miscellaneous features;76
10.1.1.8;3.1.8 Summing up the architecture overview;78
10.1.2;3.2 Mobile devices;78
10.1.2.1;3.2.1 Different types of devices;79
10.1.2.2;3.2.2 Terminals becoming general-purpose devices;81
10.1.2.3;3.2.3 Some challenges;81
10.1.2.4;3.2.4 Concluding words on mobile devices;84
10.1.3;3.3 Relationship of EPC to radio networks;85
10.1.3.1;3.3.1 Overview of radio networks for mobile services;85
10.1.3.2;3.3.2 Functionality of radio networks;86
10.1.3.3;3.3.3 GSM;89
10.1.3.4;3.3.4 WCDMA;90
10.1.3.5;3.3.5 LTE;91
10.2;Chapter 4 EPS deployment scenarios and operator cases;95
10.2.1;4.1 Scenario 1: EPS with LTE deployment with existing 3GPP installations;96
10.2.2;4.2 Scenario 2: LTE and EPS for Greenfield operators;101
10.2.3;4.3 Scenario 3: LTE and EPS deployment for 3GPP2 operators;102
10.2.4;4.4 Scenario 4: WiMAX and WLAN operators;104
10.2.5;4.5 Scenario 5: Consideration for EPC-only deployment with existing 2G/3G accesses;105
10.3;Chapter 5 Services in EPS;107
10.3.1;5.1 Data services;107
10.3.1.1;5.1.1 A note on application development;109
10.3.2;5.2 Voice services;110
10.3.2.1;5.2.1 Voice services based on circuit-switched technology;111
10.3.2.2;5.2.2 Voice services with IMS technology;113
10.3.2.3;5.2.3 Realization of voice over LTE;115
10.3.2.4;5.2.4 Voice services using IMS technology;116
10.3.2.5;5.2.5 Single-radio voice call continuity;117
10.3.2.6;5.2.6 Circuit-switched fallback;118
10.3.2.7;5.2.7 Comparing SRVCC and CSFB;119
10.3.3;5.3 Messaging services;120
11;Part III: Key Concepts;122
11.1;Chapter 6 Session management and mobility;124
11.1.1;6.1 IP connectivity and session management;124
11.1.1.1;6.1.1 The IP connection;124
11.1.2;6.2 Session management, bearers and QoS aspects;134
11.1.2.1;6.2.1 General;134
11.1.2.2;6.2.2 The EPS bearer for E-UTRAN access;134
11.1.2.3;6.2.3 Session management for EPS and GERAN/UTRAN accesses;141
11.1.2.4;6.2.4 Session management for other accesses;142
11.1.3;6.3 Mobility principles;143
11.1.3.1;6.3.1 General;143
11.1.3.2;6.3.2 Mobility within 3GPP family of accesses;144
11.1.3.3;6.3.3 Mobility between E-UTRAN and HRPD;148
11.1.3.4;6.3.4 Generic mobility between 3GPP and non-3GPP accesses;151
11.1.4;6.4 Idle mode signalling reduction (ISR);155
11.1.4.1;6.4.1 ISR activation;156
11.1.4.2;6.4.2 Paging;158
11.1.4.3;6.4.3 ISR deactivation;158
11.1.5;6.5 Identifiers and corresponding legacy IDs;159
11.1.5.1;6.5.1 Permanent subscriber identifiers;160
11.1.5.2;6.5.2 Temporary subscriber identifiers;160
11.1.5.3;6.5.3 Relation to subscription identifiers in 2G/3G;162
11.1.6;6.6 Pooling and overload protection;163
11.2;Chapter 7 Security;166
11.2.1;7.1 Introduction;166
11.2.2;7.2 Security services;167
11.2.2.1;7.2.1 Introduction;167
11.2.2.2;7.2.2 Security domains;168
11.2.3;7.3 Network access security;170
11.2.3.1;7.3.1 Introduction;170
11.2.3.2;7.3.2 Access security in E-UTRAN;170
11.2.3.3;7.3.3 Interworking with GERAN/UTRAN;176
11.2.3.4;7.3.4 Access security in trusted non-3GPP accesses;178
11.2.3.5;7.3.5 Access security in untrusted non-3GPP access;179
11.2.3.6;7.3.6 Special considerations for host-based mobility DSMIPv6;181
11.2.4;7.4 Network domain security;182
11.2.5;7.5 User domain security;184
11.2.6;7.6 Lawful intercept;184
11.3;Chapter 8 Quality of service, charging and policy control;187
11.3.1;8.1 Quality of service;187
11.3.1.1;8.1.1 General;187
11.3.1.2;8.1.2 QoS in E-UTRAN;188
11.3.1.3;8.1.3 Interworking with GERAN/UTRAN;197
11.3.1.4;8.1.4 QoS aspects when interworking with other accesses;198
11.3.2;8.2 Policy and charging control;199
11.3.2.1;8.2.1 Introduction;199
11.3.2.2;8.2.2 The PCC Architecture;200
11.3.2.3;8.2.3 Basic PCC concepts;203
11.3.2.4;8.2.4 Network vs. terminal-initiated QoS control;216
11.3.2.5;8.2.5 PCC and roaming;219
11.3.3;8.3 Charging;221
11.4;Chapter 9 Selection functions;232
11.4.1;9.1 Architecture overview for selection functions;232
11.4.2;9.2 Selection of MME, SGSN, serving GW and PDN GW;233
11.4.2.1;9.2.1 Selection procedure at a glance;233
11.4.2.2;9.2.2 Use of DNS infrastructure;236
11.4.2.3;9.2.3 MME selection;239
11.4.2.4;9.2.4 SGSN selection function for EPS;241
11.4.2.5;9.2.5 GW selection overview;242
11.4.2.6;9.2.6 PDN GW selection function;242
11.4.2.7;9.2.7 Serving GW selection function;245
11.4.2.8;9.2.8 Handover (non-3GPP access) and PDN GW selection;246
11.4.3;9.3 PCRF selection;247
12;Part IV: The Nuts and Bolts of EPC;250
12.1;Chapter 10 EPS network entities and interfaces;252
12.1.1;10.1 Network entities;254
12.1.1.1;10.1.1 eNodeB;255
12.1.1.2;10.1.2 Mobility management entity;255
12.1.1.3;10.1.3 Serving GW;256
12.1.1.4;10.1.4 PDN GW;256
12.1.1.5;10.1.5 Policy and charging rules function;257
12.1.2;10.2 Control plane between UE, eNodeB and MME;257
12.1.2.1;10.2.1 S1-MME;257
12.1.3;10.3 GTP-based interfaces;259
12.1.3.1;10.3.1 Control plane;259
12.1.3.2;10.3.2 MME ? MME (S10);259
12.1.3.3;10.3.3 MME ? Serving GW (S11);260
12.1.3.4;10.3.4 Serving GW ? PDN GW (S5/S8);261
12.1.3.5;10.3.5 SGSN ? MME (S3);261
12.1.3.6;10.3.6 SGSN ? Serving GW (S4);262
12.1.3.7;10.3.7 SGSN ? SGSN (S16);262
12.1.3.8;10.3.8 User plane;263
12.1.3.9;10.3.9 eNodeB ? Serving GW (S1-U);263
12.1.3.10;10.3.10 UE ? eNodeB ? Serving GW ? PDN GW (GTP-U);263
12.1.3.11;10.3.11 UE ? BSS ? SGSN ? Serving GW ? PDN GW (GTP-U);264
12.1.3.12;10.3.12 UE ? UTRAN ? Serving GW ? PDN GW (GTP-U);264
12.1.3.13;10.3.13 UE ? UTRAN ? SGSN ? Serving GW ? PDN GW (GTP-U);265
12.1.4;10.4 PMIP-based interfaces;266
12.1.4.1;10.4.1 Serving GW – PDN GW (S5/S8);266
12.1.4.2;10.4.2 Trusted non-3GPP IP access – PDN GW (S2a);267
12.1.4.3;10.4.3 ePDG – PDN GW (S2b);269
12.1.5;10.5 DSMIPv6-based interfaces;270
12.1.5.1;10.5.1 UE – PDN GW (S2c);270
12.1.6;10.6 HSS-related interfaces and protocols;271
12.1.6.1;10.6.1 General;271
12.1.6.2;10.6.2 MME – HSS (S6a) and SGSN – HSS (S6d);272
12.1.7;10.7 AAA-related interfaces;273
12.1.7.1;10.7.1 General;273
12.1.7.2;10.7.2 AAA server – HSS (SWx);274
12.1.7.3;10.7.3 Trusted non-3GPP access – 3GPP AAA server/proxy (STa);276
12.1.7.4;10.7.4 Untrusted non-3GPP IP access – 3GPP AAA server/proxy (SWa);277
12.1.7.5;10.7.5 ePDG – 3GPP AAA server/proxy (SWm);279
12.1.7.6;10.7.6 PDN GW – 3GPP AAA server/proxy (S6b);281
12.1.7.7;10.7.7 3GPP AAA proxy – 3GPP AAA server/proxy (SWd);282
12.1.8;10.8 PCC-related interfaces;284
12.1.8.1;10.8.1 General;284
12.1.8.2;10.8.2 PCEF – PCRF (Gx);284
12.1.8.3;10.8.3 BBERF – PCRF (Gxa/Gxc);285
12.1.8.4;10.8.4 PCRF – AF (Rx);286
12.1.8.5;10.8.5 PCRF – PCRF (S9);287
12.1.8.6;10.8.6 SPR – PCRF (Sp);289
12.1.9;10.9 EIR-related interfaces;290
12.1.9.1;10.9.1 MME-EIR and SGSN-EIR interfaces (S13 and S13');290
12.1.10;10.10 I-WLAN-related interfaces;291
12.1.10.1;10.10.1 UE – ePDG (SWu);291
12.1.11;10.11 ANDSF-related interfaces;292
12.1.11.1;10.11.1 Policy node;294
12.1.11.2;10.11.2 Discovery Information node;294
12.1.11.3;10.11.3 UE location node;295
12.1.11.4;10.11.4 Ext node;295
12.1.12;10.12 HRPD IW-related interfaces;295
12.1.12.1;10.12.1 Optimized handover and related interfaces (S101 and S103);295
12.1.12.2;10.12.2 MME ? eHRPD access network (S101);295
12.1.12.3;10.12.3 Serving GW ? HSGW (S103);298
12.1.13;10.13 Interface to external networks;298
12.1.13.1;10.13.1 General;298
12.1.13.2;10.13.2 Functions;299
12.2;Chapter 11 Protocols;301
12.2.1;11.1 Introduction;301
12.2.2;11.2 GPRS tunnelling protocol overview;301
12.2.2.1;11.2.1 Protocol structure;304
12.2.2.2;11.2.2 Control plane (GTPv2-C);309
12.2.2.3;11.2.3 User plane (GTPv1-U);313
12.2.2.4;11.2.4 Protocol format;314
12.2.3;11.3 Mobile IP;315
12.2.3.1;11.3.1 General;315
12.2.3.2;11.3.2 Host-based and network-based mobility mechanisms;318
12.2.3.3;11.3.3 Basic principles of mobile IP;318
12.2.3.4;11.3.4 Mobile IPv6 security;324
12.2.3.5;11.3.5 Packet format;325
12.2.3.6;11.3.6 Dual-stack operation;328
12.2.3.7;11.3.7 Additional MIPv6 features – route optimization;330
12.2.4;11.4 Proxy Mobile IPv6;331
12.2.4.1;11.4.1 General;331
12.2.4.2;11.4.2 Basic principles;332
12.2.4.3;11.4.3 PMIPv6 security;335
12.2.4.4;11.4.4 PMIPv6 packet format;336
12.2.4.5;11.4.5 Dual-stack operation;337
12.2.5;11.5 Diameter;338
12.2.5.1;11.5.1 Background;338
12.2.5.2;11.5.2 Protocol structure;338
12.2.5.3;11.5.3 Diameter nodes;339
12.2.5.4;11.5.4 Diameter sessions, connections and transport;340
12.2.5.5;11.5.5 Diameter request routing;342
12.2.5.6;11.5.6 Peer discovery;342
12.2.5.7;11.5.7 Diameter message format;343
12.2.6;11.6 Generic routing encapsulation;344
12.2.6.1;11.6.1 Background;344
12.2.6.2;11.6.2 Basic protocol aspects;344
12.2.6.3;11.6.3 GRE packet format;346
12.2.7;11.7 S1-AP;347
12.2.8;11.8 Non-access stratum (NAS);348
12.2.8.1;11.8.1 EPS mobility management;348
12.2.8.2;11.8.2 EPS session management;349
12.2.8.3;11.8.3 Message structure;350
12.2.8.4;11.8.4 Security-protected NAS messages;351
12.2.8.5;11.8.5 Message transport;351
12.2.8.6;11.8.6 Future extensions and backward compatibility;351
12.2.9;11.9 IP security;352
12.2.9.1;11.9.1 Introduction;352
12.2.9.2;11.9.2 Encapsulated security payload and authentication header;353
12.2.9.3;11.9.3 Internet key exchange;356
12.2.9.4;11.9.4 IKEv2 mobility and multi-homing;357
12.2.10;11.10 Extensible authentication protocol;358
12.2.10.1;11.10.1 Overview;358
12.2.10.2;11.10.2 Protocol;359
12.2.11;11.11 Stream control transmission protocol;361
12.2.11.1;11.11.1 Background;361
12.2.11.2;11.11.2 Basic protocol features;362
12.2.11.3;11.11.3 Multi-streaming;364
12.2.11.4;11.11.4 Multi-homing;365
12.2.11.5;11.11.5 Packet structure;366
12.3;Chapter 12 Procedures;368
12.3.1;12.1 Attach and detach for E-UTRAN;368
12.3.1.1;12.1.1 Attach procedure for E-UTRAN;368
12.3.1.2;12.1.2 Detach procedure for E-UTRAN;371
12.3.2;12.2 Attach and detach for non-3GPP accesses;372
12.3.2.1;12.2.1 General;372
12.3.2.2;12.2.2 Attach procedure in untrusted non-3GPP access using PMIPv6 (S2b);373
12.3.2.3;12.2.3 Detach procedure in untrusted non-3GPP access using PMIPv6 (S2b);374
12.3.2.4;12.2.4 Attach procedure in trusted non-3GPP access using DSMIPv6 (S2c);375
12.3.2.5;12.2.5 Detach procedure in trusted non-3GPP access using DSMIPv6 (S2c);376
12.3.3;12.3 Tracking Area update;377
12.3.3.1;12.3.1 Tracking Area update procedure;377
12.3.3.2;12.3.2 TA update with MME change;378
12.3.4;12.4 Handover procedure;381
12.3.4.1;12.4.1 Basic handover;381
12.3.4.2;12.4.2 Phases and details of handover procedure;386
12.3.4.3;12.4.3 Handover in EPS with non-3GPP accesses;397
12.3.5;12.5 Bearer and QoS-related procedures;411
12.3.5.1;12.5.1 General;411
12.3.5.2;12.5.2 Bearer procedures for E-UTRAN;411
12.3.5.3;12.5.3 Bearer procedures for GERAN/UTRAN;414
12.3.5.4;12.5.4 Interworking with dynamic QoS mechanisms in other accesses;417
12.3.6;12.6 Single radio voice call continuity;417
12.3.6.1;12.6.1 SRVCC from E-UTRAN to GERAN or UTRAN;418
12.3.6.2;12.6.2 SRVCC from E-UTRAN to 1×RTT;420
12.3.7;12.7 CS fallback;421
13;Part V: Conclusion and Future of EPS;424
13.1;Chapter 13 Conclusions and looking ahead;426
13.1.1;13.1 Concluding words;429
14;References;430
15;Appendix A: Standards bodies associated with EPS;438
16;Appendix B: SAE/EPC specifications;444
17;Appendix C: Mobile broadband application development;450
18;Appendix D: Abbreviations;452
19;Index;460
19.1;A;460
19.2;B;460
19.3;C;460
19.4;D;460
19.5;E;461
19.6;F;461
19.7;G;461
19.8;H;461
19.9;I;462
19.10;J;462
19.11;L;462
19.12;M;462
19.13;N;463
19.14;O;463
19.15;P;463
19.16;Q;464
19.17;R;464
19.18;S;464
19.19;T;465
19.20;U;465
19.21;V;465
19.22;W;465
19.23;X;465