North Mid-Nineteenth-Century Scientists

The Commonwealth and International Library: Liberal Studies Division
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4831-6015-3
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 200 Seiten, Web PDF

Mid-Nineteenth-Century Scientists collects together the significant biographies of eight English scientists, namely, Charles Babbage, Charles Darwin, James Prescott Joule, Hugh Powell, Joseph Lister, and William Henry Perkin. This book covers a wide range of topics in mathematics, biology, physics, and chemistry. Organized into six chapters, this book begins with an overview of the Charles Babbage's first idea on calculating tables by machinery to eliminate as far as possible any human actions in the process of calculation. This text then presents a biography of Charles Darwin, with emphasis on his contributions to science through his theory of the evolution of species. Other chapters consider James Joule's determination of the mechanical equivalent of heat by means of a paddle-wheel rotating in water. This book discusses as well Joseph Lister's greatest achievement in improving surgery. The final chapter deals with William Henry Perkin's empirical approach to synthesis that led him to his discovery of mauveine. This book is a valuable resource for scientists, teachers, and students.

Autoren/Hrsg.

North, John

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Mid-Nineteenth-Century Scientists;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;INTRODUCTION;8
6;CHAPTER 1. CHARLES BABBAGE;12
6.1;The Young Mathematician;13
6.2;The Difference Engine;16
6.3;Aid and Hindrance;21
6.4;The Grand Tour;25
6.5;Difficulties with the Difference Engine;27
6.6;The Analytical Engine;33
6.7;Babbage and Lady Lovelace;40
6.8;Exhibitions;44
6.9;Conclusion;46
7;CHAPTER 2. CHARLES DARWIN;48
7.1;Darwin's Early Life;49
7.2;The Basis of Darwinism;51
7.3;Darwin and the Geologists;57
7.4;The Voyage of the "Beagle";62
7.5;Darwin's Work up to 1859;66
7.6;The Origin of Species;71
7.7;The Reception of the Origin of Species;75
7.8;Darwin's Achievement;80
8;CHAPTER 3. JAMES PRESCOTT JOULE;85
8.1;Joule's Early Life;86
8.2;The Prehistory of Energy Conservation;88
8.3;The Precursors of Joule;91
8.4;Joule's Early Scientific Work;94
8.5;The Emergence of the Conservation Principle;99
8.6;Confirmation of the Principle;102
8.7;The Acceptance of Joule's Work;105
8.8;The Kinetic Theory of Gases;112
8.9;Joule's Later Life;115
9;CHAPTER 4. HUGH POWELL, JAMES SMITH ANDANDREW ROSS: MAKERS OF MICROSCOPES;117
9.1;Hugh Powell (1799-1883);124
9.2;James Smith and h i s Microscopes;138
9.3;Andrew Ross (cr. 1800-1859);149
10;CHAPTER 5. JOSEPH LISTER;164
11;CHAPTER 6. W. H. PERKIN(1838-1907);198
11.1;Perkin's Early Life;200
11.2;The Discovery of Mauveine;202
11.3;Perkin's Industrial Career;204
11.4;Post-industrial Period;209
11.5;Impact on Society;211