Needham How Cities Work

An Introduction
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4831-4629-4
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 198 Seiten, Web PDF

How Cities Work: An Introduction discusses how cities work and compares methods used in understanding the cities. Organized into five parts, this book begins by elucidating the interactions between city and its region, as well as between people and facilities. Subsequent part explains how the interactions of activities, people, and buildings cause activities to cluster into functional areas and how functional areas interact with each other. The effect of public policies on cities and an economic viewpoint on how cities work are also described. This book will be valuable to citizens and planners of the cities.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Needham, Barrie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;2
2;How Cities Work: An Introduction;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;Two Tales of a City;8
5.1;CHAPTER 1. Studying the City;12
5.1.1;A SYSTEMS APPROACH;12
5.1.2;AN ECOLOGICAL APPROACH;13
5.1.3;THE APPROACH OF INDIVIDUALISM;14
5.1.4;URBAN SYSTEMS;16
5.1.5;DIFFICULTIES WITH STUDYING PARTIAL SYSTEMS;20
5.1.6;DIFFICULTIES WITH STUDYING SYSTEMS AS WHOLES;22
5.1.7;INDEX TO REFERENCES IN CHAPTER 1;24
5.1.8;FURTHER READING FOR CHAPTER 1;24
5.2;CHAPTER 2. Examples of Planning Mistakes;26
5.2.1;INTRODUCTION;26
5.2.2;PLANNING BLIGHT;26
5.2.3;THE DEATH AND LIFE OF GREAT AMERICAN CITIES;28
5.2.4;SOME ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF REGIONAL PLANNING IN LONDON;29
5.2.5;HOUSING AND INDUSTRY IN INNER CITY AREAS;31
5.2.6;THE LIMITATIONS OF PHYSICAL PLANNING;34
5.2.7;INDEX TO REFERENCES IN CHAPTER 2;35
6;Part I: Interactions between a City and Its Region;37
6.1;CHAPTER 3. Flows of People;37
6.1.1;INTRODUCTION;37
6.1.2;FLOWS OF PEOPLE INTO THE TOWN FOR SERVICES;39
6.1.3;FLOWS OF PEOPLE INTO THE TOWN FOR WORK;43
6.1.4;FLOWS OF PEOPLE OUT OF THE TOWNS FOR RECREATION;45
6.1.5;SOME FINANCIAL EFFECTS OF THESE FLOWS;47
6.1.6;INDEX TO REFERENCES IN CHAPTER 3;49
6.1.7;FURTHER READING FOR CHAPTER 3;49
6.2;CHAPTER 4. Floods and Overspills;50
6.2.1;MIGRATION OUT OF THE TOWNS;50
6.2.2;OVERSPILL, PLANNED AND UNPLANNED;52
6.2.3;GREEN BELTS;55
6.2.4;THE METROPOLITAN FRINGE;57
6.2.5;SOME FINANCIAL EFFECTS;58
6.2.6;INDEX TO REFERENCES IN CHAPTER 4;58
6.2.7;FURTHER READING FOR CHAPTER 4;59
7;Part II: Interactions between People and Facilities;60
7.1;CHAPTER 5. People and Housing;60
7.1.1;THE SUPPLY AND DEMAND APPROACH;60
7.1.2;HOUSING AS A PUBLIC AND A PRIVATE CONCERN;61
7.1.3;HOUSEHOLDS AND DWELLINGS;63
7.1.4;HOUSING DEMAND AND HOUSING SUPPLY;66
7.1.5;DEMAND;67
7.1.6;SUPPLY;68
7.1.7;HOUSING MARKETS;69
7.1.8;INDEX TO REFERENCES IN CHAPTER 5;73
7.1.9;FURTHER READING FOR CHAPTER 5;74
7.2;CHAPTER 6. People and Industry;75
7.2.1;INTRODUCTION;75
7.2.2;PEOPLE SUPPLYING LABOUR;75
7.2.3;INDUSTRY DEMANDING LABOUR;80
7.2.4;THE LOCATIONS OF LABOUR SUPPLY AND LABOUR DEMAND;83
7.2.5;LABOUR MARKETS;84
7.2.6;INDEX TO REFERENCES IN CHAPTER 6;88
7.2.7;FURTHER READING FOR CHAPTER 6;88
7.3;CHAPTER 7. People and Commercial Services;89
7.3.1;SERVICES COMMERCIALLY PROVIDED;89
7.3.2;THE DEMAND FOR, AND THE SUPPLY OF, SERVICES;90
7.3.3;LOCATION THEORIES;93
7.3.4;MARKETS FOR SERVICES;99
7.3.5;INDEX TO REFERENCES IN CHAPTER 7;101
7.3.6;FURTHER READING FOR CHAPTER 7;102
8;Part III: Distance and Location;103
8.1;CHAPTER 8. Interactions between Activities and Locations;103
8.1.1;ACTIVITY SYSTEMS;103
8.1.2;INTERACTIONS WITHIN AN ACTIVITY SYSTEM;103
8.1.3;INTERACTIONS BETWEEN ACTIVITY SYSTEMS;109
8.1.4;FUNCTIONAL AREAS;111
8.1.5;INTERACTIONS BETWEEN FUNCTIONAL AREAS;112
8.1.6;INDEX TO REFERENCES IN CHAPTER 8;117
8.1.7;FURTHER READING FOR CHAPTER 8;118
8.2;CHAPTER 9. Interactions between Social Groups, House Types, and House Locations;119
8.2.1;INTRODUCTION;119
8.2.2;HOUSING DEMAND AND HOUSING SUPPLY;126
8.2.3;THE ALLOCATION OF SUPPLY AMONG DEMANDERS;130
8.2.4;SOME THEORIES OF THE SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM;132
8.2.5;INTERACTION BETWEEN HOUSING AREAS;136
8.2.6;INDEX TO REFERENCES IN CHAPTER 9;139
8.2.7;FURTHER READING FOR CHAPTER 9;140
8.3;CHAPTER 10. Interactions between Traffic and Land Use;142
8.3.1;INTRODUCTION;142
8.3.2;THEORIES TO EXPLAIN TRAFFIC;146
8.3.3;INDEX TO REFERENCES IN CHAPTER 10;156
8.3.4;FURTHER READING FOR CHAPTER 10;157
9;Part IV: Improving Cities;159
9.1;CHAPTER 11. The Effects of Public Policies on Cities;159
9.1.1;INTRODUCTION;159
9.1.2;METHODS OF ANALYSIS;160
9.1.3;WHY IS THERE PUBLIC INTERVENTION IN CITIES?;162
9.1.4;WHAT ARE THE INSTRUMENTS OF PUBLIC INTERVENTION?;167
9.1.5;HOW THE INSTRUMENTS ARE USED;170
9.1.6;THE EFFECTS OF PUBLIC POLICY;174
9.1.7;INDEX TO REFERENCES IN CHAPTER 11;175
9.1.8;FURTHER READING FOR CHAPTER 11;176
10;Part V: Other Approaches;177
10.1;CHAPTER 12. How Cities Work: an Economic Viewpoint;177
10.1.1;THE ECONOMIC THEORY IN TWO PARTS;178
10.1.2;LOCATIONAL ISSUES;180
10.1.3;THEORIES OF THE URBAN ECONOMY;184
10.1.4;ECONOMIC THEORIES OF URBAN ISSUES;189
10.1.5;CAN ECONOMICS HELP?;191
10.1.6;INDEX TO REFERENCES IN CHAPTER 12;191
11;Index;194
12;Other Titles in the Series;198