Nakamori Knowledge Synthesis

Western and Eastern Cultural Perspectives
1. Auflage 2016
ISBN: 978-4-431-55218-5
Verlag: Springer Japan
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 5, 216 Seiten

Reihe: Translational Systems Sciences

This book provides readers the idea of systemically synthesizing various kind of knowledge, which needs to combine analytical thinking and synthetic thinking. Systems science is expected to help in solving contemporary complex problems, utilizing interdisciplinary knowledge effectively and combining analytical thinking and synthetic thinking efficiently. However, traditional systems science has been divided into two schools: one seeks a systematic procedure to give a correct objective answer; the other develops an emergent, systemic process so that the user can continue exploratory learning. It is not an exaggeration to say that analytical thinking and synthetic thinking have been developed independently, in different schools. This book integrates approaches developed in these two schools, using ideas in knowledge science that have been emerging recently under the influence of Eastern thinking. It emphasizes the importance of utilizing intuition in systems approaches, whereas other books usually try to solve problems rationally and objectively, rejecting subjectivity. This book never denies rationality and objectivity; however, complex problems of today do not always yield to complete analysis. The novelty of this present volume is that it takes in the ideas of synthetic thinking in knowledge science to develop systems science further. The chapter contributors, who are experienced systems scientists with a profound understanding of knowledge management, discuss knowledge synthesis from the Western and Eastern cultural perspectives. The book introduces a theory on systemic knowledge synthesis in an odd chapter and then presents an application of the theory in the next chapter in order to contribute to developing translational systems science. 

Autoren/Hrsg.

Nakamori, Yoshiteru

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;6
2;Contents;10
3;Systemic Synthesis and Metaphysics: Eastern versus Western Thinking;11
3.1;1 Introduction;11
3.2;2 Systemic Synthesis;12
3.3;3 Epistemology and Metaphysics;13
3.4;4 Eastern Versus Western Thinking; Eastern Theories of Systemic Synthesis;15
3.5;5 An Evolutionary, Naturalistic Theory of Intuition;19
3.6;6 Conclusions;22
3.7;References;22
4;Multiple Criteria Ranking in Future Network Management;25
4.1;1 Introduction;25
4.2;2 Multiple Criteria Ranking Techniques;27
4.3;3 Objective Ranking and Its Application in a Local Search Engine;30
4.4;4 New Management Task: Creation of a New Service;32
4.5;5 Conclusion;35
4.6;References;35
5;Evolutionary Knowledge Creation from an Eastern Perspective;37
5.1;1 Introduction;37
5.2;2 The SECI Spiral and Its Impact;38
5.3;3 Other Spiral Micro-models of Knowledge Creation;39
5.4;4 A General Spiral of Evolutionary Knowledge Creation;45
5.5;5 Conclusions;48
5.6;References;49
6;Data Mining of Telecommunications Data as an Example of Systemic Synthesis;50
6.1;1 Introduction;50
6.2;2 Data Stream Processing and Event Detection;52
6.3;3 Meta-synthesis in New Algorithms Design;54
6.4;4 Example of Meta-synthesis in the Design of Event Detection Algorithms;58
6.4.1;4.1 Domain Knowledge Related to Problem Formulation;58
6.4.2;4.2 Knowledge of Data and Domain Knowledge Related to Data;58
6.4.3;4.3 Knowledge of Algorithms and Domain Knowledge Related to Algorithms;59
6.5;5 Conclusion;62
6.6;References;62
7;The Meta-synthesis System Approach;64
7.1;1 Origin of the Meta-synthesis System Approach;64
7.2;2 Main Contents of the Meta-synthesis System Approach;65
7.2.1;2.1 The Open Complex Giant System;65
7.2.2;2.2 From a Qualitative to a Quantitative Meta-synthesis Approach;65
7.2.3;2.3 Systematology;66
7.2.4;2.4 The Hall of Workshop for Meta-synthetic Engineering;67
7.2.5;2.5 The Meta-synthesis of Wisdom;67
7.3;3 International Comparisons;68
7.4;4 Some Developments in the Meta-synthesis System Approach;69
7.4.1;4.1 Theoretical Achievements;69
7.4.1.1;4.1.1 Three Kinds of Meta-synthesis and the Research Approach by Hu;69
7.4.1.2;4.1.2 Flowchart for Meta-synthesizing: ``Meeting I – Analysis – Meeting II'';71
7.4.1.3;4.1.3 Consensus and Meta-synthesis of Opinions;72
7.4.1.4;4.1.4 Modeling Approaches and Model Integration;74
7.4.1.5;4.1.5 Expert Mining;74
7.4.1.6;4.1.6 Knowledge Synthesis;75
7.4.1.7;4.1.7 Systems Science and Systems Engineering;75
7.4.2;4.2 Technical Achievements;76
7.4.3;4.3 Practical Applications;78
7.4.4;4.4 Tests for the MSA Approach;79
7.4.4.1;4.4.1 Forecasting the GDP Growth Rate (JAIST Case, 2003);79
7.4.4.2;4.4.2 Forecasting the GDP Growth Rate Under the Impact of SARS (IIASA Case, 2004);80
7.4.4.3;4.4.3 Test Study 3: Social Harmony System;81
7.5;5 Conclusion;83
7.6;References;84
8;Problem Structuring Process by Qualitative Meta-synthesisTechnologies;88
8.1;1 Introduction;88
8.2;2 Briefs on Meta-synthesis Systems Approach;89
8.3;3 Diverse Frameworks or Approaches for Unstructured or Complex Problem Solving from Decision-Making Perspective;91
8.3.1;3.1 Decision-Making Model by Simon and DSS;92
8.3.2;3.2 Frameworks for Strategic Problem Solving;93
8.3.2.1;3.2.1 Strategic Assumption Surfacing & Testing (SAST);93
8.3.2.2;3.2.2 Wisdom Process;94
8.3.2.3;3.2.3 Courtney's DSS Framework for Wicked Problem Solving;95
8.3.2.4;3.2.4 A Brief Summary;96
8.4;4 More About MSA and HWMSE;97
8.4.1;4.1 A Working Process of MSA;97
8.4.2;4.2 HWMSE: A Knowledge Creating `Ba';98
8.5;5 CorMap and iView: Qualitative Meta-synthesis Technologies;99
8.5.1;5.1 Basic Ideas of CorMap and iView Technologies;99
8.5.2;5.2 Features of CorMap and iView for Qualitative Meta-synthesis;101
8.5.3;5.3 Applications;101
8.5.3.1;5.3.1 Group Thinking Process Mining;102
8.5.3.2;5.3.2 Conference Mining and On-line Conferencing `Ba' (OLCB);104
8.5.3.3;5.3.3 Expert Knowledge Mining;105
8.5.3.4;5.3.4 Community Mind Mining;108
8.6;6 Concluding Remarks;110
8.7;References;111
9;Knowledge Systems Engineering: A Complex System View;115
9.1;1 Introduction;115
9.2;2 Knowledge Systems Engineering;117
9.2.1;2.1 Knowledge Systems and Knowledge Networks;117
9.2.2;2.2 Composition, Structure and Function of the Knowledge System;119
9.2.3;2.3 Categorization of Knowledge;120
9.2.4;2.4 Knowledge as a Thing, as a Process and as Capability;122
9.2.5;2.5 Knowledge Systems Engineering;123
9.2.6;2.6 Complexity of Knowledge Systems;125
9.2.7;2.7 System-of-Systems Engineering;126
9.3;3 Architecture of Knowledge Systems;128
9.3.1;3.1 Architecture Model;128
9.3.2;3.2 Personnel Architecture;129
9.3.3;3.3 Organizational Architecture;132
9.3.4;3.4 Technological Architecture;134
9.3.5;3.5 Business Architecture;137
9.3.6;3.6 Cultural Architecture;140
9.3.6.1;3.6.1 National Culture;140
9.3.6.2;3.6.2 Organizational Culture;141
9.3.6.3;3.6.3 Cultural Barriers to KM Processes;142
9.4;4 Working Processes in Knowledge Systems;144
9.4.1;4.1 Knowledge Demand and Audit;145
9.4.2;4.2 Knowledge Acquisition and Storing;146
9.4.3;4.3 Knowledge Transfer and Knowledge Sharing;148
9.4.4;4.4 Knowledge Conversion;150
9.4.5;4.5 Knowledge Integration and Creation;153
9.4.6;4.6 Knowledge Absorption and Using;155
9.5;References;157
10;A Practical Case of Knowledge-Based Archive Management System;158
10.1;1 Background;158
10.2;2 Three Main Tasks;160
10.2.1;2.1 Transforming Original Paper Materials to Images;160
10.2.2;2.2 Transforming Content of Image into Text;160
10.2.3;2.3 Transforming Textual Data into Knowledge;161
10.3;3 Presenting a Conceptual Model;161
10.4;4 Processing Knowledge Contents;166
10.5;5 Setting Up a Work Team;168
10.6;6 Building the Technological Infrastructure;169
10.6.1;6.1 Presentation Layer;169
10.6.2;6.2 Application Layer;170
10.6.3;6.3 Function Layer;173
10.6.4;6.4 Data Layer;174
10.7;7 Developing and Implementing the KB-AMS;175
10.8;References;176
11;Systemic Knowledge Synthesis and Justification;177
11.1;1 Introduction;177
11.2;2 Knowledge Synthesis;179
11.2.1;2.1 A Knowledge Construction Model;179
11.2.2;2.2 An Approach to Knowledge Synthesis;181
11.2.3;2.3 An Illustrative Example;183
11.3;3 Knowledge Justification;187
11.3.1;3.1 Existing Justification Principles;187
11.3.2;3.2 Evolutionary Constructive Objectivism;188
11.4;4 Concluding Remarks;189
11.5;Appendix: Some Notes on Knowledge Science;189
11.6;References;191
12;Community Service Systems Development;193
12.1;1 Introduction;193
12.2;2 A Practical Background of Service Systems Development;195
12.2.1;2.1 Knowledge Science Research and Education;195
12.2.2;2.2 The Practice of Constructing Regional Revitalization Systems;196
12.3;3 Policy Towards Service Systems Construction;197
12.3.1;3.1 Platform of Theory and Practice;197
12.3.2;3.2 The Challenge for Co-creation of Service Value;198
12.3.3;3.3 A Methodology for Developing Social Service Systems;200
12.4;4 A Remote Health Management System;201
12.4.1;4.1 Stage 1: System Definition;202
12.4.2;4.2 Stage 2: Idea Generation;202
12.4.3;4.3 Stage 3: System Evaluation;203
12.4.3.1;4.3.1 Effects of Social Structure;203
12.4.3.2;4.3.2 Justification of Knowledge;208
12.4.3.3;4.3.3 Creation of System Value;208
12.4.3.4;4.3.4 Effectiveness and Obstacles for Actual Implementation;209
12.5;5 Consideration of Quantification of Value;209
12.6;6 Conclusion;211
12.7;References;212
13;Index;213