Nag / Mukhopadhyay / Kosel Printed Flexible Sensors

Fabrication, Characterization and Implementation
1. Auflage 2019
ISBN: 978-3-030-13765-6
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 33, 205 Seiten

Reihe: Smart Sensors, Measurement and Instrumentation

This book presents recent advances in the design, fabrication and implementation of flexible printed sensors. It explores a range of materials for developing the electrode and substrate parts of the sensors, on the basis of their electrical and mechanical characteristics. The sensors were processed using laser cutting and 3D printing techniques, and the sensors developed were employed in a number of healthcare, environmental and industrial applications, including: monitoring of physiological movements, respiration, salinity and nitrate measurement, and tactile sensing. The type of sensor selected for each application depended on its dimensions, robustness and sensitivity. The sensors fabricated were also embedded in an IoT-based system, allowing them to be integrated into real-time applications.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Nag, Anindya

Mukhopadhyay, Subhas Chandra

Kosel, Jurgen

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;6
2;Contents;8
3;1 Introduction;11
3.1;1.1 Flexible Sensors;11
3.2;1.2 Printed Electronics;16
3.3;1.3 Conclusion;19
3.4;1.4 The Aim of the Book;20
3.5;1.5 Research Contributions;21
3.6;References;22
4;2 Literature Review;26
4.1;2.1 Introduction;26
4.2;2.2 Carbon Nanotubes and Their Sensor-Based Applications;27
4.2.1;2.2.1 Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes;27
4.2.2;2.2.2 Characterization and Properties;29
4.2.3;2.2.3 Electrochemical Sensors;30
4.2.4;2.2.4 Strain Sensors;31
4.2.5;2.2.5 Electrical Sensors;33
4.2.6;2.2.6 Conclusion and Future Work;35
4.3;2.3 Graphene and Its Sensor-Based Applications;35
4.3.1;2.3.1 Synthesis of Graphene;37
4.3.2;2.3.2 Characterization and Properties;41
4.3.3;2.3.3 Electrochemical Sensors;46
4.3.4;2.3.4 Strain Sensors;50
4.3.5;2.3.5 Electrical Sensors;52
4.3.6;2.3.6 Challenges with the Current Sensors;55
4.3.7;2.3.7 Conclusion and Future Work;58
4.4;2.4 Wearable Flexible Sensors;60
4.4.1;2.4.1 Materials for Wearable Flexible Sensors;62
4.4.2;2.4.2 Sensor Networks for Wearable Flexible Sensors;64
4.4.3;2.4.3 Types of Activity Monitoring with Wearable Flexible Sensors;66
4.4.4;2.4.4 Challenges and Future Opportunities;70
4.5;2.5 Conclusions;72
4.6;References;72
5;3 Interdigitated Sensing and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy;91
5.1;3.1 Introduction;91
5.2;3.2 Planar Interdigital Sensors;92
5.3;3.3 Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS);95
5.4;3.4 Conclusions;97
5.5;References;97
6;4 Carbon Nanotubes-Polydimethylsiloxane Sensor;98
6.1;4.1 Introduction;98
6.2;4.2 Fabrication of the Sensor Patches;99
6.3;4.3 Frequency Response and Stress-Strain Measurements;102
6.4;4.4 Monitoring of Physiological Parameters;104
6.4.1;4.4.1 Experimental Setup;106
6.4.2;4.4.2 Results and Discussion;107
6.4.3;4.4.3 Conclusion;111
6.5;4.5 Tactile Sensing;113
6.5.1;4.5.1 Experimental Setup;114
6.5.2;4.5.2 Results and Discussion;115
6.5.3;4.5.3 Conclusion;119
6.6;4.6 Chapter Summary;119
6.7;References;119
7;5 Aluminium-Polyethylene Terephthalate Sensor;122
7.1;5.1 Introduction;122
7.2;5.2 Fabrication of the Sensor Patches;122
7.3;5.3 Frequency Response and Stress-Strain Measurements;126
7.4;5.4 Tactile Sensing;128
7.5;5.5 Chapter Summary;134
7.6;References;134
8;6 Graphite-Polyimide Sensor;136
8.1;6.1 Introduction;136
8.2;6.2 Fabrication of the Sensor Patches;137
8.3;6.3 Complex Nonlinear Least Squares Curve Fitting;140
8.4;6.4 Salinity Sensing;141
8.4.1;6.4.1 Experimental Setup;143
8.4.2;6.4.2 Results and Discussion;144
8.4.3;6.4.3 Microcontroller-Based Sensing System;148
8.4.4;6.4.4 Conclusion;150
8.5;6.5 Taste Sensing;150
8.5.1;6.5.1 Experimental Setup;152
8.5.2;6.5.2 Results and Discussion;153
8.5.3;6.5.3 Conclusion;159
8.6;6.6 Nitrate Sensing;161
8.6.1;6.6.1 Experimental Setup;162
8.6.2;6.6.2 Comparative Analysis of Two Different Sensors;163
8.6.3;6.6.3 Temperature and Nitrate-N Measurement;163
8.6.4;6.6.4 IoT-Enabled Smart Sensing System;164
8.6.5;6.6.5 Results and Discussion;165
8.6.6;6.6.6 Conclusion;170
8.7;6.7 Chapter Summary;171
8.8;References;172
9;7 Graphite-Polydimethylsiloxane Sensor;176
9.1;7.1 Introduction;176
9.2;7.2 Fabrication of the Sensor Patches;177
9.3;7.3 Frequency Response and Stress-Strain Measurements;180
9.4;7.4 Strain Sensing;187
9.4.1;7.4.1 Experimental Setup;188
9.4.2;7.4.2 Results and Discussion;189
9.4.3;7.4.3 Conclusion;194
9.5;7.5 Force Sensing;194
9.5.1;7.5.1 Experimental Setup;195
9.5.2;7.5.2 Results and Discussion;195
9.5.3;7.5.3 Conclusion;196
9.6;7.6 Chapter Summary;196
9.7;References;197
10;8 Conclusion, Challenges and Future Work;200
10.1;8.1 Conclusion;200
10.2;8.2 Challenges of the Existing Work;201
10.3;8.3 Future Work;202
10.4;References;205