Murdoch / Briggs / Nisbet Consumer-Resource Dynamics

Course Book
ISBN: 978-1-4008-4725-9
Verlag: De Gruyter
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, Band 36, 464 Seiten

Reihe: Monographs in Population Biology

No detailed description available for "Consumer-Resource Dynamics".

Autoren/Hrsg.

Murdoch, William W.

Briggs, Cheryl J.

Nisbet, Roger M.

Fachgebiete

• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Biowissenschaften

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Preface xi

1. Introduction 1

Why Consumer-Resource Interactions? 1

On Theory and Models 2

Themes 4

2. Population Dynamics: Observations and Basic Concepts 6

Types of Population Dynamics: Phenomena to Be Explained 6

Some Essential Concepts 15

Appendix 26

3. Simple Models in Continuous Time 30

The Lotka-Volterra Model 31

Local Stability Analysis 36

Effects of Stabilizing and Destabilizing Processes: A Survey 42

Combining Stabilizing and Destabilizing Processes: From Neutral Stability to Limit Cycles 53

Simple Models of Stage and Spatial Structure: The Creation of Indirect Density Dependence 60

Basic and Potential General Properties of Predator-Prey Systems 69

Appendix 72

4. Simple Models in Discrete Time 83

Single-Species Models in Discrete Time 84

Discrete-Generation Parasitoid-Host Models 93

Hybrid Discrete-Time/Continuous-Time Models 106

Appendix 111

5. An Introduction to Models with Stage Structure 119

Preamble: Single-Species Populations with Stage Structure 121

The Basic Stage-Structured Host-Parasitoid Model 134

Ecological Processes Inducing Instability 147

Ecological Processes Inducing Stability 149

Single-Generation Cycles in Parasitoid-Host Models 160

Appendix 170

6. Dynamical Effects of Parasitoid Lifestyles 179

Parasitoid Lifestyles 180

Four Mechanisms Inducing Greater Gain from Older Hosts 186

A Unifying Framework and Extensions 199

A More General Model: The Generic Gain Model 205

The Nature and Origins of Delayed-Feedback Cycles and Single-Generation Cycles: Insights from a Simplified Model 207

Concluding Remarks 216

7. State-Dependent Decisions 219

Effects of Egg Load on Parasitoid Decisions 220

Effects of Limits to Egg Production 236

A General Dynamical Theory of Parasitoid Behavior 242

8. Competition between Consumer Species 245

Lotka-Volterra Competition Model: Competition for an Implicit Resource 247

Exploitative Competition for an Explicit Resource 255

Competition in Discrete Time 274

Effects of Age Structure on Competition 281

Non-Equilibrial Mechanisms of Coexistence 301

Effects of Spatial Structure on Competition 310

Concluding Remarks 317

9. Implications for Biological Control 318

A Comparative Approach to Evaluating Natural Enemies 321

Spatial Processes and Control 336

Need for Experimental Tests 340

10. Dynamical Effects of Spatial Processes 341

Spatial Processes among Subpopulations 341

Spatial Processes within Populations: Aggregated Attacks and Other Sources of Variation in Risk among Individuals 366

Connection between Processes within Populations and among Subpopulations 392

11. Synthesis and Integration across Systems 394

Shared Theory for Different Kinds of Consumer-Resource Interactions 394

Connection between Consumer-Resource Dynamics and Single-Species Dynamics in Theory and Nature 399

Cycles in Real Systems: Single-Species Models for Many-Species Systems 410

General Conclusions/Considerations 414

12. Concluding Remarks 416

Literature Cited 425

Index 451

Über Autor(innen)

William W. Murdoch is Charles A. Storke II Professor of Ecology at the University of California, Santa Barbara. He has published widely on population dynamics and other ecological subjects. Cheryl J. Briggs is Associate Professor of Integrative Biology at the University of California, Berkeley. She has published extensively on the population and community consequences of insect-parasitoid and host-disease interactions. Roger M. Nisbet is Professor of Biological Science at the University of California, Santa Barbara. A longtime specialist in ecological modeling, he is the author of two books and numerous articles.