Muller / Rodd Distributed Computer Control Systems 1986

Proceedings of the Seventh IFAC Workshop, Mayschoss/Bad Neuenahr, FRG, 30 September - 2 October 1986
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4832-9857-3
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 230 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: IFAC Workshop Series

This seventh IFAC workshop on distributed control systems (DCCS) discusses the ideas of real-time synchronization and data consistency in industry, with emphasis on the Manufacturing Automation Protocol (MAP). The volume also debates the gulf between the computer scientist's approach to language and the needs of the application programmer. In addition to treating relevant topics, each session has an introductory paper and a panel discussion, to give a complete picture of the progress and research in this computer field today.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Muller, K. D.

Rodd, M. G.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Distributed Computer Control Systems 1986;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;10
5;Foreword;8
6;CHAPTER 1. CURRENT AND FUTURE ISSUES IN THE DESIGN, ANALYSIS AND IMPLEMENTATION OF DISTRIBUTED, COMPUTER-BASED CONTROL SYSTEMS;14
6.1;INTRODUCTION;14
6.2;EVOLUTION TOWARD DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEMS;15
6.3;ESSENTIAL ASPECTS OF DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER-BASED CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN;17
6.4;FACTORS INFLUENCING THE CHOICE OF A DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEM;19
6.5;NEW DIRECTIONS AND EMERGING TRENDS IN DCCS DEVELOPMENT;20
6.6;SUMMARY;26
6.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;26
6.8;REFERENCES;26
7;CHAPTER 2. ADA* FOR DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS - A COMPILER INDEPENDENT APPROACH;38
7.1;INTRODUCTION;38
7.2;VIRTUAL NODES;39
7.3;BUILDING A DISTRIBUTED PROGRAM;40
7.4;THE STRUCTURE OF VIRTUAL NODES;41
7.5;THE REMOTE RENDEZVOUS PROTOCOl;43
7.6;EXAMPLE OF THE VIRTUAL NODE APPROACH;45
7.7;CONCLUSION;49
7.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;49
7.9;REFERENCES;49
8;CHAPTER 3. EXPERIENCES WITH THE OPEN REAL TIME DATABASE SYSTEM BAPAS-DB INDISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS;50
8.1;INTRODUCTION;50
8.2;CHARACTERIZATION OF BAPAS-DB;50
8.3;USE OF BAPAS-DB IN A MOTOR CAR FACTORY;51
8.4;DISTRIBUTED DATABASES IN LABORATORIES;52
8.5;REFERENCES;52
9;CHAPTER 4. FAULT DETECTION IN A DISTRIBUTED ENVIRONMENT-STUDY OF A THERMAL POWER PLANT;58
9.1;INTRODUCTION;58
9.2;CURRENT APPROACHES TO FAULT DETECTION;58
9.3;FAULT CLASSIFICATION AND DETECTION SCHEMES;59
9.4;APPLICATION TO A POWER PLANT;60
9.5;CONCLUSION;61
9.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;61
9.7;REFERENCES;61
10;CHAPTER 5. DISCUSSIONS ABOUT MAP ADEQUACY TO MEET HARD REAL-TIME COMMUNICATION;66
10.1;INTRODUCTION;66
10.2;CONSTRAINTS FOR A REAL-TIMECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM;66
10.3;COMMUNICATION ARCHITECTURE;66
10.4;CONCLUSION;68
10.5;BIBLIOGRAPHY;68
10.6;DISCUSSION;69
11;CHAPTER 6. TOKEN BUS PERFORMANCE IN MAP AND PROWAY;70
11.1;1. Introduction;70
11.2;2. Scope and Application of MAP and PROWAY;70
11.3;3. Performance Requirements and Benchmark Load Patterns;71
11.4;4. The Performance Model;72
11.5;5. Utilization Estimates;72
11.6;6. An Example Configuration;73
11.7;7. Conclusion;74
12;CHAPTER 7. CRITIQUE TO MAP AND PROWAY;78
12.1;INTRODUCTION;78
12.2;GENERALITIES ABOUT MAP;78
12.3;THE DIFFICULTIES AND DEFICIENCIES OF MAP;80
12.4;COMMENTS ON PROWAY;82
12.5;CONCLUSION;83
12.6;REFERENCES;83
13;CHAPTER 8. THE SIMULATED PERFORMANCE OF PRACTICAL ETHERNET AND MAP NETWORKS;86
13.1;INTRODUCTION;86
13.2;PERFORMANCE EVALUATION;86
13.3;NETWORK REQUIREMENTS OF THE NODE;86
13.4;REALISTIC PERFORMANCE FIGURES FOR ETHERNET NODES;87
13.5;PERFORMANCE FIGURES FOR MAP NODES;87
13.6;THE SIMULATION MODELS;87
13.7;SIMULATION RESULTS;88
13.8;CONCLUSION;89
13.9;REFERENCES;89
14;CHAPTER 9. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OFCOMMUNICATION AND SERVICE SUPPORT LAYERS OF THUDS DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER SYSTEM;92
14.1;INTRODUCTION;92
14.2;DATA LINK LAYER PROTOCOL;92
14.3;NETWORK LAYER PROTOCOL;93
14.4;PROCESS SYNCHRONIZATION AND GUARDED REGIONS IN SERVICE SUPPORT LAYER;96
14.5;PROCESS SCHEDULING INSERVICE SUPPORT LAYER;96
14.6;PROCEDURE TRANSFER(VAR source,destination:PROCESS);96
14.7;CONCLUSION;97
14.8;REFERENCES;97
15;CHAPTER 10. A COMMUNICATION NETWORK FOR DISTRIBUTED PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS;98
15.1;INTRODUCTION;98
15.2;THE INTRODUCED LOCAL AREA NETWORK;98
15.3;THE ARBITRATION METHODS FOR EVENT DRIVENT RANSMISSION;99
15.4;THE EXPECTED PERFORMANCE OF THE EVENT POLLING;101
15.5;CONCLUSIONS;103
15.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;103
15.7;REFERENCES;103
16;CHAPTER 11. FUNCTIONAL COORDINATION ON HOMOGENEOUS DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEM;110
16.1;INTRODUCTION;110
16.2;SYSTEM CONFIGURATION;111
16.3;SOFTWARE STRUCTURE;111
16.4;SOFTWARE BUS STRUCTURE;111
16.5;FUNCTIONAL COORDINATION;112
16.6;PRACTICAL APPLICATION;112
16.7;CONCLUSIONS;112
16.8;REFERENCE;113
17;CHAPTER 12. SYNCHRONIZED FORWARD AND BACKWARD RECOVERY FOR COMMUNICATING PROCESSES;120
17.1;INTRODUCTION;120
17.2;BASIC SYSTEM MODEL;121
17.3;NESTING AND BACKWARD RECOVERY;122
17.4;NESTING AND FORWARD RECOVERY;122
17.5;IMPLEMENTATION IN CONIC;122
17.6;CONCLUSION;124
17.7;REFERENCES;124
18;CHAPTER 13. REAL-TIME SIMULATION OF ROBOT MOTION DYNAMICS ON A MULTI PROCESSOR SYSTEM;126
18.1;INTRODUCTION;126
18.2;ROBOT MOTION SIMULATION;126
18.3;PARALLEL PROCESSING SCHEME;127
18.4;PARALLEL PROCESSING ON ACTUAL MULTIPROCESSOR SYSTEM;129
18.5;CONCLUSIONS;130
18.6;REFERENCES;131
19;CHAPTER 14. DEVELOPMENT OF A STORED-PROGRAMME FAIL-SAFE PRESS CONTROL SYSTEM;132
19.1;INTRODUCTION;132
19.2;DEFINITIONS;133
19.3;CONCEPT AND STRUCTURE OF THE FAIL-SAFE CONTROL SYSTEM;133
19.4;PROGRAMME STRUCTURE;135
19.5;PROCESS CONNECTIONS;137
19.6;SAFETY VERIFICATION;138
19.7;SUMMARY;139
19.8;LITERATURE;139
20;CHAPTER 15. A MODULAR FAULT-TOLERANT MULTIPLE PROCESSOR FOR FRONT-END PROCESS CONTROL;142
20.1;FAULT TOLERANCE IN DISTRIBUTED PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS;142
20.2;PROGRAMMING THE SAFIR;143
20.3;THE SAFIR-ARCHITECTURE;143
20.4;LIMITS OF THE ARCHITECTURE;145
21;CHAPTER 16. DISTRIBUTED COMPUTERS IN ACCELERATOR CONTROL SYSTEMS;148
21.1;INTRODUCTION;148
21.2;WHY ARE ACCELERATORS DIFFERENT?;148
21.3;ACCELERATOR CONTROL SYSTEMS;150
21.4;CONTRIBUTIONS FROM INDUSTRY;151
21.5;THE REAL UP-COMING CHALLENGE;153
21.6;REFERENCES;153
22;CHAPTER 17. DISTRIBUTED APPLICATION SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE APPLIED TO THE LEP PREINJECTOR CONTROLS;156
22.1;DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS (Fig. 1.);156
22.2;THE CONTROLS SYSTEM'S HARDWARE AND SYSTEM SOFTWARE (Fig. 2.);156
22.3;APPLICATION SOFTWARE;157
22.4;REVIEW OF CURRENT APPLICATION SOFTWARE STRUCTURE;157
22.5;DESIGN GOALS FOR THE UPGRADED APPLICATION STRUCTURE.;157
22.6;DESCRIPTION OF THE UPGRADED APPLICATION STRUCTURE (Fig. 3.).;158
22.7;CONCLUSION;160
22.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;160
22.9;REFERENCES;161
23;CHAPTER 18. CRITIQUE OF THE TRIUMF CONTROL SYSTEM;164
23.1;INTRODUCTION;164
23.2;THE SYSTEM NOW;164
23.3;FUNCTIONAL CRITIQUE;165
23.4;COMPARISON WITH A "CANONICAL" SYSTEM;168
23.5;CONCLUSIONS;169
23.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;169
23.7;REFERENCES;169
24;CHAPTER 19. A LARGE TOKEN-RING CONTROL NETWORK FOR THE CERN LEP AND SPS ACCELERATORS AND COLLIDER RINGS;172
24.1;INTRODUCTION;172
24.2;THE CONTROL NETWORK;172
24.3;CONCLUSION;176
24.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;177
24.5;REFERENCES;177
24.6;DISCUSSION;177
25;CHAPTER 20. CODAS - A LARGE SCALE MULTICOMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEM FOR THE JET PROJECT;178
25.1;INTRODUCTION;178
25.2;HARDWARE;179
25.3;CONTROL;179
25.4;CONCLUDING REMARKS;181
25.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;181
25.6;REFERENCES;181
26;CHAPTER 21. TIME RIGID SCHEDULING IN DISTRIBUTED REAL TIME SYSTEMS;186
26.1;1. INTRODUCTION;186
26.2;2. TRANSACTION CLASSES;186
26.3;3. SCHEDULING STRATEGIES IN A NODE;188
26.4;4. LAN PERFORMANCE;189
26.5;5. GLOBAL SCHEDULING;190
26.6;6. CONCLUSION;191
26.7;7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;191
26.8;8. REFERENCES:;191
27;CHAPTER 22. SCHEDULING DYNAMICALLY OCCURRING TASKS IN HARD REAL-TIME SYSTEMS;194
27.1;INTRODUCTION;194
27.2;PROBLEM FORMULATION;195
27.3;COMPARISONS;197
27.4;SUMMARY AND EXTENSIONS;198
27.5;REFERENCES;198
28;CHAPTER 23. A HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCURRENCY CONTROL MECHANISM BASED ON EVENT SYNCHRONIZATION (ESM);200
28.1;INTRODUCTION;200
28.2;1. THE MODEL AND THE ARCHITECTURE OF AN INFORMATION SYSTEM.;201
28.3;2. DETECTION AND CONTROL OF CONFLICTS.;203
28.4;3. CHARACTERISTICS & ADVANTAGES OF ESM.;209
28.5;4. CONCLUSION;209
28.6;REFERENCES;213
29;CHAPTER 24. HIERARCHICAL COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEM FOR CONTINUOUSLY OPERATING LARGE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS;216
29.1;INTRODUCTION;216
29.2;DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS;216
29.3;MEASURING DEVICES AND ACTUATORS;217
29.4;BASIC CONCEPT FOR A NEW AUTOMATION SYSTEM;217
29.5;PROPOSED HARDWARE STRUCTURE;218
29.6;SUMMARY;218
30;CHAPTER 25. THE DESIGN OF "SHOPTALK", A DISTRIBUTED MULTIPROCESSOR COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEM;224
30.1;INTRODUCTION;224
30.2;OUTLINE OF "SHOPTALK";224
30.3;FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENTS OF "SHOPTALK";225
30.4;COMPARISON BETWEEN "SHOPTALK" AND THEOSI REFERENCE MODEL;226
30.5;DISTRIBUTED SOFTWARE TECHNIQUES;226
30.6;APPLICATION OF REAL-TIME CONTROL TO AN FMS USING "SHOPTALK";227
30.7;CONCLUSION;227
30.8;REFERENCES;227
31;AUTHOR INDEX;234