Meadows Stellar Evolution

2. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4832-7948-0
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 180 Seiten, Web PDF

Stellar Evolution, Second Edition covers the significant advances in the understanding of birth, life, and death of stars. This book is divided into nine chapters and begins with a description of the characteristics of stars according to their brightness, distance, size, mass, age, and chemical composition. The next chapters deal with the families, structure, and birth of stars. These topics are followed by discussions of the chemical composition and the evolution of main-sequence stars. A chapter focuses on the unique features of the sun as a star, including its evolution, magnetic fields, activity, corona, and neutrinos. Other chapters consider the life histories of individual stars from their birth to their death. The concluding chapter describes the massive changes in Earth's galaxy with time and their observational characteristics. This book will prove useful to astronomers and researchers.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Meadows, A. J.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Stellar Evolution;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;Preface to the Second Edition;8
6;CHAPTER 1. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF STARS;10
6.1;Classification;10
6.2;Brightness and Distance;11
6.3;Surface Temperatures, Colours and Spectra;14
6.4;Sizes of Stars;17
6.5;Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram;21
6.6;Stellar Masses;23
6.7;Chemical Composition;25
6.8;Minor Characteristics;27
6.9;Ages of Stars;28
6.10;The Sun;29
6.11;Summary;30
7;CHAPTER 2. STELLAR FAMILLES;32
7.1;Initial Classification;32
7.2;Physical Groupings of Stars;35
7.3;The Galaxy;36
7.4;Star Clusters;37
7.5;Stellar Populations;41
7.6;Chemical Composition and Stellar Populations;42
7.7;Stellar Motions and Populations;43
7.8;Associations;45
7.9;The Spiral Arms;47
7.10;Variable Stars;49
7.11;Exploding Stars;52
7.12;Spectroscopic Peculiarities;56
7.13;Summary;58
8;CHAPTER 3. THE STRUCTURE OF STARS;60
8.1;The State of Stellar Matter;60
8.2;The Transfer of Energy in a Star;62
8.3;Energy Production in Stars;65
8.4;Stellar Models;69
8.5;Stellar Models and Electronic Computers;74
9;CHAPTER 4. THE BIRTH OF STARS;75
9.1;The Stars and Interstellar Material;75
9.2;Motions in the Interstellar Medium;76
9.3;The Effect of Heat Energy on Condensation;79
9.4;The Effect of Magnetic Energy on Condensation;79
9.5;The Effect of Rotational Energy on Condensation;81
9.6;Possible Methods of Condensation;82
9.7;Fragmentation of Gas Clouds;84
9.8;Contraction of an Individual Star;86
9.9;Observational Effects of Contraction;89
9.10;Rotation and Magnetic Fields;93
10;CHAPTER 5. THE MAIN SEQUENCE;96
10.1;The End of Contraction;96
10.2;Mass and Chemical Composition;97
10.3;The Upper and Lower Main Sequence;99
10.4;The Upper Main Sequence;100
10.5;The Upper Limit of the Main Sequence;104
10.6;The Lower Main Sequence;105
10.7;The Lower Limit of the Main Sequence;109
10.8;Chemical Composition and the Evolution of Main-sequence Stars;110
10.9;Main-sequence Stars of Intermediate Mass;111
10.10;The Age of Star Clusters;112
10.11;Mixing in Stars;113
10.12;Rotational Mixing;115
10.13;Observational Indications of Mixing;116
10.14;Mass Change and Evolution;117
11;CHAPTER 6. THE SUN AS A STAR;120
11.1;The Evolution of the Sun;120
11.2;Deuterium, Lithium, Beryllium and Boron;121
11.3;The Rotation of the Sun;123
11.4;The Solar Magnetic Fields;124
11.5;Stellar Magnetic Fields;126
11.6;Stellar Activity;127
11.7;Magnetic Fields and Evolution;128
11.8;Solar and Stellar Coronae;129
11.9;Neutrinos and the Sun;132
12;CHAPTER 7. RED GIANTS AND AFTER;134
12.1;Exhaustion of the Central Hydrogen;134
12.2;Further Evolution of a Lower Main-sequence Star;136
12.3;Helium-burning in Lower Main-sequence Stars;139
12.4;The Effect of the Helium Flash;142
12.5;Further Evolution of an Upper Main-sequence Star;146
12.6;Mass Loss and the Evolution of Lower-mass Stars;148
12.7;The Evolution of Double Stars;150
12.8;Nuclear Reactions after Helium burning;152
12.9;Ultimate Evolution of Main-sequence Stars;154
13;CHAPTER 8. OLD AGE AND DEATH;156
13.1;The End of Upper Main-sequence Stars;156
13.2;The End of Less Massive Stars;158
13.3;Novae and Planetary Nebulae;159
13.4;White Dwarfs;161
13.5;Supernovae;163
13.6;Neutron Stars;164
13.7;Black holes;166
14;CHAPTER 9. STARS AND GALAXIES;168
14.1;Galactic Evolution;168
14.2;Observational Characteristics of Galaxies;169
14.3;Peculiar and Normal Galaxies;173
15;Further Reading;176
16;Index;178