Environmental Challenges and Greenhouse Gas Control for Fossil Fuel Utilization in the 21st Century

2002
ISBN: 978-0-306-47336-4
Verlag: Springer US

Buch, Englisch, 447 Seiten, HC runder Rücken kaschiert, Format (B × H): 183 mm x 260 mm, Gewicht: 1056 g

As we are moving ahead into the 21st century, our hunger for cost­ effective and environmentally friendly energy continues to grow. The Energy Information Administration of US has forecasted that only in the first two decades of the 21st century, our energy demand will increase by 60% compared to the levels at the end of the 20th century. Fossil fuels have been traditionally the major primary energy sources worldwide, and their role is expected to continue growing for the forecasted period, due to their inherent cost competitiveness compared to non-fossil fuel energy sources. However, the current fossil energy scenario is undergoing significant transformations, especially to accommodate increasingly stringent environmental challenges of contaminants like sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides or mercury, while still providing affordable energy. Furthermore, traditional fossil fuel utilization is inherently plagued with greenhouse gas emissions from combustion, especially carbon dioxide from stationary sources as well as from mobile sources. Should worldwide government policies dictate a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, such as proposed by the Kyoto Protocol and the implementation of carbon taxes, fossil fuels would lose their significant competitive appeal in favor of nuclear energy and renewable energy sources. However, the current non-fossil fuel energy share of the worldwide energy market is merely below 15%, and therefore, it is more likely that fossil fuel energy producers would adapt to the new requirements by developing and implementing emission control technologies, and emission trades among other strategies.

Zielgruppe

Research

Autoren/Hrsg.

Maroto-Valer, M. Mercedes

Fachgebiete

• Technische Wissenschaften Umwelttechnik | Umwelttechnologie Luftreinhaltung
• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Angewandte Ökologie
• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Umweltverschmutzung, Umweltkriminalität, Umweltrecht
• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Abfallbeseitigung, Abfallentsorgung
• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Wasserversorgung
• Technische Wissenschaften Umwelttechnik | Umwelttechnologie Abfallwirtschaft, Abfallentsorgung
• Naturwissenschaften Chemie Physikalische Chemie Elektrochemie, Magnetochemie
• Geowissenschaften Geologie Meteorologie, Klimatologie
• Rechtswissenschaften Öffentliches Recht Umweltrecht Abfall- und Bodenschutzrecht
• Technische Wissenschaften Verfahrenstechnik | Chemieingenieurwesen | Biotechnologie Verfahrenstechnik, Chemieingenieurwesen

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1: Pollutant Emissions.- Analysis of Multiple Emission Strategies in Energy Markets.- Mercury in Illinois Coals: Abundance, Forms, and Environmental Effects.- Characterization of Particulate Matter with Computer-Controlled Scanning Electron Microscopy.- Dioxin and Furan Formation in FBC Boilers.- Reducing Emissions of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons from Coal Tar Pitches.- 2: Carbon Sequestration.- Carbon Sequestration: An Option for Mitigating Global Climate Change.- Using a Life Cycle Approach in Analyzing the Net Energy and Global Warming Potential of Power Production via Fossil Fuels with CO2 Sequestration Compared to Biomass.- Carbon Storage and Sequestration as Mineral Carbonates.- Sequestration of Carbon Dioxide by Ocean Fertilization.- Polyelectrolyte Cages For A Novel Biomimetic CO2 Sequestration System.- Novel Solid Sorbents for Carbon Dioxide Capture.- 3: Greenhouse Gas Emissions Control.- Near Zero Emission Power Plants as Future CO2 Control Technologies.- Reducing Greenhouse Emissions from Lignite Power Generation by Improving Current Drying Technologies.- Reduction Process of CO2 Emissions by Treating With Waste Concrete via an Artificial Weathering Process.- Understanding Brown Coal-Water Interactions to Reduce Carbon Dioxide Emissions.- High Temperature Combustion of Methane over Thermally Stable CoO-MgO Catalyst for Controlling Methane Emissions from Oil/Gas-Fired Furnaces.- Dual-Bed Catalytic System for Removal of NOx-N2O in Lean-Burn Engine Exhausts.- 4: Utilization of CO2 for Synthesis Gas Production.- Tri-reforming of Natural Gas Using CO2 in Flue Gas of Power Plants without CO2 Pre-separation for Production of Synthesis Gas with Desired H2/CO Ratios.- Effect of Pressure on Catalyst Activity and Carbon Deposition During CO2 Reforming of Methane over Noble-Metal Catalysts.- CO2 Reforming of CH4 to Syngas over Ni Supported on Nano-?-Al2O3.- Oxy-CO2 Reforming and Oxy-CO2 Steam Reforming of Methane to Syngas over COxNi1-xO/MgO/SA-5205.- Carbon Routes In Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane.- 5: Utilization of CO2 for Chemical Synthesis.- Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) applied to the synthesis of methanol. Comparison of the use of syngas with the use of CO2 and dihydrogen produced from renewables.- Reduction of CO2 in Steam Using a Photocatalytic Process to Form Formic Acid.- Carbon Dioxide As a Soft Oxidant: Dehydrogenation of Ethylbenzene Into Styrene.- CO2 as a C1-Building Block for Dialkyl Carbonate Synthesis.- 6: Combustion Byproducts.- An Investigation of the Characteristics of Unburned Carbon in Oil Fly Ash.- Separation of Fly Ash Carbons by Various Cleaning Processes.- Design Approaches for Passive Treatment of Coal Combustion Byproduct Leachate.- Development of Value-Added Products from Fly Ash Carbons.