Resource Selection by Animals

Statistical design and analysis for field studies
1993
ISBN: 978-0-412-40140-4
Verlag: Springer Netherlands

Buch, Englisch, 177 Seiten, HC runder Rücken kaschiert, Format (B × H): 160 mm x 241 mm, Gewicht: 465 g

We have written this book as a guide to the design and analysis of field studies of resource selection, concentrating primarily on statistical aspects of the comparison of the use and availability of resources of different types. Our in­ tended audience is field ecologists in general and wildlife biologists in particular who are attempting to measure the extent to which real animal populations are selective in their choice of food and habitat. As such, we have made no attempt to address those aspects of theoretical ecology that are concerned with how animals might choose their resources if they acted in an optimal manner. The book is based on the concept of a resource selection function, where this is a function of characteristics measured on resource units such that its value for a unit is proportional to the probability of that unit being used. We argue that this concept leads to a unified theory for the analysis and interpretation of data on resource selection and can replace many ad hoc statistical methods that have been used in the past.

Zielgruppe

Research

Autoren/Hrsg.

Manly, B. B.

Thomas, D. L.

McDonald, L.

Fachgebiete

• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Umweltmanagement, Umweltökonomie
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Tierkunde / Zoologie Tierökologie
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Biowissenschaften Ökologie
• Sozialwissenschaften Politikwissenschaft Regierungspolitik Umwelt- und Gesundheitspolitik
• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Umweltpolitik, Umweltprotokoll
• Mathematik | Informatik Mathematik Stochastik Mathematische Statistik
• Interdisziplinäres Wissenschaften Wissenschaften: Forschung und Information Datenanalyse, Datenverarbeitung
• Wirtschaftswissenschaften Volkswirtschaftslehre Umweltökonomie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1. Introduction to resource selection studies.- 1.1 Motivation and definitions.- 1.2 The data for resource selection studies.- 1.3 Sampling designs.- 1.4 Sampling protocols.- 1.5 Indices of selection.- 1.6 Hypothesis tests and confidence intervals.- 1.7 Discussion.- 2. Examples of the use of resource selection functions.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Examples.- 2.3 Sample designs.- 2.4 Assumptions.- 3. Statistical modelling procedures.- 3.1 Simple sample comparisons.- 3.2 Testing coefficients of individual X variables.- 3.3 Log-likelihood chi-squared tests.- 3.4 Analysis of residuals.- 3.5 Multiple tests and confidence intervals.- 4. Studies with resources defined by several categories.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Sampling designs and protocols.- 4.3 Ratios of random variables.- 4.4 Chi-squared tests.- 4.5 Design I with known proportions of available resource units.- 4.6 Tests on proportions of used units.- 4.7 Inferences concerning selection ratios.- 4.8 Comparison of selection ratios.- 4.9 Design I with estimated proportions of available resource units.- 4.10 Design II with sampling protocol A.- 4.11 Census of available resource units.- 4.12 Sample of available resource units.- 4.13 Design III with sampling protocol A.- 4.14 Census of available resource units.- 4.15 Sample of available resource units.- 4.16 Discussion.- 5. Estimating a resource selection probability function from a census of resource units using logistic regression.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Estimating the logistic function.- 5.3 Discussion.- 6. Estimating resource selection probability functions from a census of resource units at several points in time using the proportional hazards model.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Estimating the proportional hazards function.- 6.3 Discussion.- 7. Estimating a resource selection function from samples of resource units using proportional hazards and log-linear models.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 Expected sample frequencies for resource units.- 7.3 The proportional hazards model.- 7.4 Small proportion of resource units used.- 7.5 Only samples of unused resource units available.- 7.6 Estimating parameters from sample data.- 7.7 Inferences with sample data.- 7.8 Recommendations.- 8. Estimating a resource selection function from two samples of resource units using logistic regression and discriminant function methods.- 8.1 Logistic regression.- 8.2 Linear discriminant function analysis.- 8.3 Quadratic discriminant function analysis.- 8.4 Discussion.- 9. General log-linear modelling.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 Fitting models to data.- 10. Analysis of the amount of use.- 10.1 Introduction.- 10.2 Analysis of counts of the amount of use.- 10.3 Analysis of continuous measures of the amount of use.- 10.4 Mixtures of zeros and positive measures of the amount of use.- 11. The comparison of selection for different types of resource unit.- 11.1 Variances for estimates and their differences.- References.- Author index.