Malpass Introduction to Industrial Polyethylene

Properties, Catalysts, and Processes
1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-0-470-90045-1
Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 150 Seiten, E-Book

Reihe: Wiley-Scrivener

Demystifies the largest volume manmade synthetic polymer bydistillingthe fundamentals of what polyethylene is, how it's madeand processed,and what happens to it after its useful life is over.
Endorsement for Introduction to IndustrialPolyethylene
"I found this to be a straightforward, easy-to-read, and usefulintroductory text on polyethylene, which will be helpful forchemists, engineers, and students who need to learn more about thiscomplex topic. The author is a senior polyethylene specialist and Ibelieve we can all benefit from his distillation of knowledge andinsight to quickly grasp the key learnings."
--R.E. King III; Ciba Corporation (part of the BASFgroup)
Jargon used in industrial polyethylene technology can often bebewildering to newcomers. Introduction to IndustrialPolyethylene educates readers on terminology commonly used inthe industry and demystifies the chemistry of catalysts andcocatalysts employed in the manufacture of polyethylene.
This concise primer reviews the history of polyethylene andintroduces basic features and nomenclatures for this versatilepolymer. Catalysts and cocatalysts crucial to the production ofpolyethylene are discussed in the first few chapters. Latterchapters provide an introduction to the processes used tomanufacture polyethylene and discuss matters related to downstreamapplications of polyethylene such as rheology, additives,environmental issues, etc.
Providing industrial chemists and engineers a valuable referencetool that covers fundamental features of polyethylene technology,Introduction to Industrial Polyethylene:
* Identifies the fundamental types of polyethylene and how theydiffer.
* Lists markets, key fabrication methods, and the major producersof polyethylene.
* Provides biodegradable alternatives to polyethylene.
* Describes the processes used in the manufacture ofpolyethylene.
* Includes a thorough glossary, providing definitions of acronymsand abbreviations and also defines terms commonly used indiscussions of production and properties of polyethylene.
* Concludes with the future of industrial polyethylene.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Malpass, Dennis B.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Preface.
List of Tables.
List of Figures.
Chapter 1 Introduction to Polymers of Ethylene.
1.1 Genesis of Polyethylene.
1.2 Basic Description of Polyethylene.
1.3 Types and Nomenclature of Polyethylenes.
1.4 Molecular Weight of Polyethylenes.
1.5 Transition Metal Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization.
Chapter 2 Free Radical Polymerization of Ethylene.
2.1 Introduction.
2.2 Free Radical Polymerization of Ethylene.
2.3 Organic Peroxide Initiators.
Chapter 3 Ziegler-Natta Catalysts.
3.1 A Brief History of Ziegler-Natta Catalysts.
3.2 Definitions and Nomenclature.
3.3 Characteristics of Ziegler-Natta Catalysts.
3.4 Early Commercial Ziegler-Natta Catalysts.
3.5 Supported Ziegler-Natta Catalysts.
3.6 Prepolymerized Ziegler-Natta Catalysts.
3.7 Mechanism of Ziegler-Natta Polymerization.
Chapter 4 Metal Alkyls in Polyethylene CatalystSystems.
4.1 Introduction.
4.2 Aluminum Alkyls in Ziegler-Natta Catalysts.
4.2.1 Reducing Agent for the Transition Metal.
4.2.2 Alkylating Agent for Creation of Active Centers.
4.2.3 Scavenger of Catalyst Poisons.
4.2.4 Chain Transfer Agent.
4.3 Magnesium Alkyls in Ziegler-Natta Catalysts.
4.3.1 R2Mg for Production of Supports.
4.3.2 R2Mg as Reducing Agent.
4.4 Lithium Alkyls.
4.5 Organoboron Compounds.
4.6 Zinc Alkyls.
4.7 Safety and Handling of Metal Alkyls.
Chapter 5 Chromium Catalysts.
5.1 Chromium Catalysts Supported on Metal Oxides.
5.2 Basic Chemistry of Phillips Catalysts.
5.3 Generations of Phillips Catalysts.
5.4 Union Carbide Chromium Catalysts.
5.5 Mechanism of Polymerization with Supported ChromiumCatalysts.
Chapter 6 Single Site Catalysts.
6.1 Introduction.
6.2 Metallocene Single Site Catalysts.
6.2.1 Non-metallocene Single Site Catalysts.
6.3 Cocatalysts for Single Site Catalysts.
6.3.1 Methylaluminoxanes.
6.3.2 Arylboranes.
6.3.3 Other Cocatalysts for Single Site Catalysts.
6.4 Mechanism of Polymerization with Single Site Catalysts.
Chapter 7 An Overview of Industrial PolyethyleneProcesses.
7.1 Introduction.
7.2 High Pressure Processes.
7.2.1 Autoclave Process.
7.2.2 Tubular Process.
7.3 Slurry (Suspension) Process.
7.4 Gas Phase Process.
7.5 Solution Process.
7.6 Combined Processes.
Chapter 8 Downstream Aspects of Polyethylene.
8.1 Introduction.
8.2 Additives.
8.3 Melt Processing.
8.4 Markets.
8.5 Environmental.
Glossary.
Trade Name Index.
Index.

Über Autor(innen)

Dennis B. Malpass studied chemistry at Tulane University in New Orleans, LA and received a BS in 1966. He then attended graduate school at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville, TN and studied main group organometallic chemistry receiving his Ph.D. in 1970. His industrial career spanned 33 years working on synthesis, characterization and applications of metal alkyls, especially aluminum alkyls in Ziegler-Natta polymerization of olefins. His work included development of viable commercial processes for trimethylaluminum, a crucial raw material for many single site catalyst systems. Dr. Malpass was also codiscoverer of n-butylethylmagnesium in 1978, still employed today to produce catalysts used in the manufacture of many millions of tons of polyethylene worldwide. Dr. Malpass has more than 70 patents and publications. He retired in 2003 and now consults in the polyolefins industry. He also teaches organic chemistry and is an instructor for continuing education courses for SPE and ACS.