Logothetidis Handbook of Flexible Organic Electronics

Materials, Manufacturing and Applications
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-78242-043-9
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 0, 478 Seiten

Reihe: Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials

Organic flexible electronics represent a highly promising technology that will provide increased functionality and the potential to meet future challenges of scalability, flexibility, low power consumption, light weight, and reduced cost. They will find new applications because they can be used with curved surfaces and incorporated in to a number of products that could not support traditional electronics. The book covers device physics, processing and manufacturing technologies, circuits and packaging, metrology and diagnostic tools, architectures, and systems engineering. Part one covers the production, properties and characterisation of flexible organic materials and part two looks at applications for flexible organic devices. - Reviews the properties and production of various flexible organic materials. - Describes the integration technologies of flexible organic electronics and their manufacturing methods. - Looks at the application of flexible organic materials in smart integrated systems and circuits, chemical sensors, microfluidic devices, organic non-volatile memory devices, and printed batteries and other power storage devices.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Logothetidis, Stergios

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Related titles;3
3;Handbook of Flexible Organic Electronics;4
4;Copyright;5
5;Contents;6
6;List of contributors;12
7;Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials;14
8;Part One Properties and materials;18
8.1;1 - Mechanics of curvature and strain in flexible organic electronic devices;20
8.1.1;1.1 Introduction;20
8.1.2;1.2 Stress and strain analyses;21
8.1.3;1.3 Failure under tensile stress;31
8.1.4;1.4 Failure under compressive stress;34
8.1.5;1.5 Mechanical test methods;36
8.1.6;1.6 Toward compliant and stretchable electronics;42
8.1.7;1.7 Conclusions;44
8.1.8;Acknowledgements;45
8.1.9;References;45
8.1.10;1. Appendix: Nomenclature;53
8.2;2 - Structural and electronic properties of fullerene-based organic materials: density functional theory-based calculations;54
8.2.1;2.1 Introduction;54
8.2.2;2.2 Theoretical background;55
8.2.3;2.3 Structural transformations of fullerenes based on DFT calculations;58
8.2.4;2.4 Prototype impurities in fullerene crystals and electronic effects;64
8.2.5;2.5 Summary and future trends;70
8.2.6;References;71
8.3;3 - Hybrid and nanocomposite materials for flexible organic electronics applications;74
8.3.1;3.1 Introduction;74
8.3.2;3.2 Production methods;78
8.3.3;3.3 Properties;83
8.3.4;3.4 Limitations;85
8.3.5;3.5 Electronics applications;87
8.3.6;3.6 Future trends;90
8.3.7;3.7 Sources of further information and advice;91
8.3.8;Acknowledgements;91
8.3.9;References;91
8.4;4 - Organic polymeric semiconductor materials for applications in photovoltaic cells;102
8.4.1;4.1 Introduction;102
8.4.2;4.2 Polymeric electron donors for bulk-heterojunction photovoltaic solar cells;103
8.4.3;4.3 Fullerene and polymeric-based electron acceptors for bulk heterojunction photovoltaic solar cells;117
8.4.4;4.4 Hybrid structures of polymer, copolymer semiconductors with carbon nanostructures;126
8.4.5;4.5 Conclusions;130
8.4.6;References;131
9;Part Two Technologies;138
9.1;5 - High-barrier films for flexible organic electronic devices;140
9.1.1;5.1 Introduction;140
9.1.2;5.2 Encapsulation of flexible OEs;140
9.1.3;5.3 Permeability mechanisms through barrier materials;143
9.1.4;5.4 Permeation measurement techniques;145
9.1.5;5.5 Advances in high-barrier materials;146
9.1.6;5.6 Conclusions;155
9.1.7;Acknowledgements;156
9.1.8;References;156
9.2;6 - Advanced interconnection technologies for flexible organic electronic systems;160
9.2.1;6.1 Introduction;160
9.2.2;6.2 Materials and processes;162
9.2.3;6.3 Reliability;175
9.2.4;6.4 Summary and future trends;182
9.2.5;Acknowledgements;184
9.2.6;References;184
9.3;7 - Roll-to-roll printing and coating techniques for manufacturing large-area flexible organic electronics;188
9.3.1;7.1 Introduction;188
9.3.2;7.2 Printing techniques;189
9.3.3;7.3 Coating techniques;199
9.3.4;7.4 Specialist coating techniques;201
9.3.5;7.5 Encapsulation techniques;204
9.3.6;7.6 Applications;206
9.3.7;7.7 Future trends;208
9.3.8;References;209
9.4;8 - Integrated printing for 2D/3D flexible organic electronic devices;216
9.4.1;8.1 Introduction;216
9.4.2;8.2 Fundamentals of inkjet printing;217
9.4.3;8.3 Electronic inks;223
9.4.4;8.4 Vertically integrated inkjet-printed electronic passive components;225
9.4.5;8.5 Conclusions;231
9.4.6;References;231
9.5;9 - In situ characterization of organic electronic materials using X-ray techniques;234
9.5.1;9.1 Introduction;234
9.5.2;9.2 Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction;235
9.5.3;9.3 Temperature-dependent studies;236
9.5.4;9.4 In situ X-ray studies;237
9.5.5;9.5 Conclusions;241
9.5.6;Acknowledgements;241
9.5.7;References;241
9.6;10 - In-line monitoring and quality control of flexible organic electronic materials;244
9.6.1;10.1 Introduction;244
9.6.2;10.2 Fundamentals of spectroscopic ellipsometry;246
9.6.3;10.3 Characterization of organic electronic nanomaterials;252
9.6.4;10.4 Conclusions and future trends;264
9.6.5;Acknowledgements;264
9.6.6;References;265
9.7;11 - Optimization of active nanomaterials and transparent electrodes using printing and vacuum processes;270
9.7.1;11.1 Introduction;270
9.7.2;11.2 Optimization of r2r printed active nanomaterials and electrodes;271
9.7.3;11.3 Combination of wet and vacuum techniques for OEs;291
9.7.4;11.4 Future trends;295
9.7.5;Acknowledgements;296
9.7.6;References;297
9.8;12 - Laser processing of flexible organic electronic materials;302
9.8.1;12.1 Introduction;302
9.8.2;12.2 The physics of laser interaction with thin films;303
9.8.3;12.3 Laser systems and sources;306
9.8.4;12.4 Beam delivery assembly;310
9.8.5;12.5 Laser modification of materials and C surfaces;314
9.8.6;12.6 Laser ablation processes;317
9.8.7;12.7 Laser printing;321
9.8.8;12.8 Conclusions and future trends;323
9.8.9;Acknowledgements;325
9.8.10;References;325
9.9;13 - Flexible organic electronic devices on metal foil substrates for lighting, photovoltaic, and other applications;332
9.9.1;13.1 Introduction;332
9.9.2;13.2 Substrate selection;335
9.9.3;13.3 Substrate preparation;338
9.9.4;13.4 TFTs for displays on metal foil;343
9.9.5;13.5 OLED lighting and photovoltaics on metal foil;350
9.9.6;13.6 Future trends;352
9.9.7;References;353
10;Part Three Applications;360
10.1;14 - Smart integrated systems and circuits using flexible organic electronics: automotive applications;362
10.1.1;14.1 Introduction;362
10.1.2;14.2 Materials for integrated systems;363
10.1.3;14.3 Manufacturing processes;374
10.1.4;14.4 Automotive applications;382
10.1.5;14.5 Conclusions;389
10.1.6;References;390
10.2;15 - Chemical sensors using organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs);392
10.2.1;15.1 Introduction;392
10.2.2;15.2 Gas and vapour sensors;393
10.2.3;15.3 Humidity sensors;395
10.2.4;15.4 pH detection;397
10.2.5;15.5 Glucose detection;400
10.2.6;15.6 Deoxyribonucleic acid detection;404
10.2.7;15.7 Conclusions;411
10.2.8;References;411
10.3;16 - Microfluidic devices using flexible organic electronic materials;414
10.3.1;16.1 Introduction;414
10.3.2;16.2 Microfluidics and electronics;414
10.3.3;16.3 Materials and fabrication techniques;416
10.3.4;16.4 Device examples;421
10.3.5;16.5 Summary;426
10.3.6;16.6 Future trends;427
10.3.7;Acknowledgements;427
10.3.8;References;428
10.4;17 - Two-terminal organic nonvolatile memory (ONVM) devices;430
10.4.1;17.1 Introduction;430
10.4.2;17.2 Carbon nanotube (CNT)-based 2T-ONVM structures;434
10.4.3;17.3 Conclusion;442
10.4.4;References;443
10.5;18 - Printed, flexible thin-film-batteries and other power storage devices;446
10.5.1;18.1 Introduction;446
10.5.2;18.2 The development of printed batteries;448
10.5.3;18.3 Basic design of printed batteries;450
10.5.4;18.4 Printing technologies and challenges;452
10.5.5;18.5 Properties of printed batteries;459
10.5.6;18.6 Conclusions and future trends;463
10.5.7;Appendix: Patent applications on printed batteries;463
10.5.8;References;463
11;Index;466
12;Color Plates;480

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