Liu / Meng Rural-Urban Migration in Vietnam

1. Auflage 2019
ISBN: 978-3-319-94574-3
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 288 Seiten

Reihe: Population Economics

This edited volume provides a comprehensive overview of rural-urban migration in Vietnam. It addresses a wide range of important topics, including Vietnam's household registration system (ho khau), migration trends, remittance behaviour and social networking. In addition, it examines migrants' earnings, their children's schooling, housing issues and their families' consumption behaviour in their destination cities.The book is mainly based on new data from the Australian National University's 'Study of Rural-Urban Migration in Vietnam with Insights from China and Indonesia' (VRUM) project, which identifies migrants from the large-scale, representative 'Vietnam Household Living Standards Survey' 2012 (VHLSS2012). In addition to the data from the VRUM project, the book draws on other widely used data sources to provide a comprehensive picture of rural-urban migrants in Vietnam.By highlighting the issues and challenges brought about by the large-scale rural-urban migration in Vietnam, the book helps researchers and policymakers more effectively formulate policies to respond to those challenges. Moreover, Vietnam's experience can serve as lessons learnt to other transitional/developing countries.

Dr. Yuk Chu (Amy) Liu is a senior lecturer in the International and Development Economics Program at the Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University. She has a long-standing research interest in Vietnam. Her early work on gender difference in children's schooling in Vietnam was published in Vietnamese newspapers such as 'Tuoi Tre'.  Her research on the gender pay gap was recognised as the first systematic study on this topic in Vietnam (Pham and Reilly 2007). Her key research interests to date have been wage structure, gender inequality and labour outcomes, human capital investment, and poverty. Her work on Vietnam's transition to a market economy has been published in peer-reviewed international economics journals, including the Journal of Comparative Economics, Economic Systems, Economics of Transition, Economics of Education Review, Oxford Development Studies, and the Asian Economic Journal. While Vietnam has been the main focus of her work, she has also published on labour market issues in Australia and China.   Prof. Xin Meng currently works at the Research School of Economics, College of Business and Economics, Australian National University. She obtained her Master's degree in Economics at the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in 1984 and spent three years as a research fellow at the Institute of Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. In 1988, Xin Meng started working at the Australian National University and received her PhD in Economics in 1993. Her main research interests to date have been the themes of China's labour market, poverty, income inequality, human capital development, the economic implications of rural-urban migration, and the influence of institutions and culture on human behaviour and on gender discrimination. Prof. Meng has published papers in numerous leading journals, such as Science, Review of Economic Studies, Economic Journal, Journal of Economic Perspectives, Journal of Labour Economics, or Journal of Development Economics. Her book 'Labour Market Reform in China' was published in 2000. In addition, she is a regular contributor to the annual conference 'China Update' held at the Australian National University. Xin Meng's recent research has focused mainly on the project Rural-Urban Migration in China, which consists of a nine-year longitudinal survey of rural-urban migrants. The first wave of the survey was conducted in 2008 and the last was completed in 2016.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Liu, Amy Y. C.

Meng, Xin

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;6
2;Acknowledgements;8
3;About the Book;9
4;Contents;12
5;List of Contributors;14
6;List of Figures;16
7;List of Tables;18
8;Rural-Urban Migration in Vietnam: Trend and Institutions;23
8.1;1 Introduction;23
8.2;2 Institutional Background;24
8.2.1;2.1 Social Protection;29
8.2.2;2.2 Health Care;31
8.2.3;2.3 Education;34
8.2.4;2.4 Employment;35
8.2.5;2.5 Credit;36
8.2.6;2.6 Housing and Utilities;38
8.3;3 Trends in Rural-Urban Migration;39
8.4;4 Migrants´ Contribution to the Places of Destination;43
8.5;5 Remittances and Migrants´ Contribution to the Places of Origin;44
8.6;6 Conclusions and Policy Recommendations;46
8.7;References;48
9;Study of Rural-Urban Migration in Vietnam: The Survey;53
9.1;1 Survey Design, Preparation and Implementation;53
9.1.1;1.1 Objective of the Survey;53
9.1.2;1.2 Survey Design;54
9.1.3;1.3 Survey Training;59
9.1.4;1.4 Calling and Conducting Interviews;59
9.1.5;1.5 Quality Control;59
9.1.6;1.6 Data Entry;60
9.2;2 Descriptive Survey Results;60
9.2.1;2.1 Household and Individual Characteristics;60
9.2.2;2.2 Employment;64
9.2.3;2.3 Social Protection and Migrant Workers;70
9.2.4;2.4 Migrants´ Wellbeing: Health Status and Their Ability to Face Problems;75
9.2.5;2.5 Migrants´ Children;77
9.2.6;2.6 Household Income and Expenditure During Migration Period;81
9.2.7;2.7 Housing and Living Conditions;84
9.3;3 Concluding Remarks;86
9.4;References;88
10;Internal Migration in Vietnam, 2002-2012;89
10.1;1 Introduction;90
10.2;2 Migration Choices: A Review of the Literature;92
10.3;3 Data;95
10.3.1;3.1 All Migration;95
10.3.2;3.2 Recent Migrants;96
10.4;4 Migration Patterns in Vietnam;96
10.5;5 Estimating Model;100
10.6;6 Estimation Results;102
10.6.1;6.1 Work and Non-work Migration;102
10.6.2;6.2 Choice of Destination;106
10.6.3;6.3 Recent Migrants for Work Purposes;106
10.7;7 Conclusions and Policy Discussion;111
10.8;Appendix;113
10.9;References;116
11;Migration Duration and Migration Outcomes;119
11.1;1 Introduction;119
11.2;2 Data and Sample;120
11.3;3 Empirical Framework;121
11.4;4 Descriptive Analysis;124
11.5;5 Empirical Results;127
11.5.1;5.1 Factors Associated with Duration of Migration;127
11.5.2;5.2 The Association of Migration Duration with Outcomes;131
11.6;6 Conclusion;134
11.7;References;136
12;Occupational Wage Differential Between Urban Workers and Rural Migrants in Vietnam;138
12.1;1 Introduction;138
12.2;2 Data;140
12.3;3 Traditional Decomposition Methodologies: OAXACA (1973) and Neumark (1988);146
12.3.1;3.1 Methodologies;146
12.3.2;3.2 Empirical Results;147
12.4;4 Occupational Distribution Difference and Decomposition;149
12.4.1;4.1 Methodology: Brown et al. (1980);149
12.4.2;4.2 Empirical Results;151
12.5;5 Conclusions;157
12.6;Appendix;158
12.7;References;161
13;Social Networks and Employment Performance: Evidence from Rural-Urban Migration in Vietnam;163
13.1;1 Introduction;163
13.2;2 Literature Review and Institutional Background;165
13.2.1;2.1 Literature Review;165
13.2.2;2.2 Institutional Background;166
13.3;3 Data Sources and Description;167
13.4;4 Estimating Equations and Empirical Results;169
13.4.1;4.1 OLS Estimates;169
13.4.2;4.2 Identifying the Causal Relationship;172
13.4.3;4.3 Sensitivity Tests;178
13.5;5 Conclusion;181
13.6;Appendix;181
13.7;References;183
14;Rural-Urban Migration and Remittances in Vietnam: Evidence from Migrant Tracer Data;186
14.1;1 Introduction;186
14.2;2 Data and Descriptive Statistics;189
14.3;3 Determinants of Remittances;194
14.3.1;3.1 Empirical Framework;194
14.3.2;3.2 Explanatory Variables and Sample Size;195
14.3.3;3.3 Results;197
14.4;4 Impacts of Remittances on Origin Households;201
14.4.1;4.1 Theoretical Impacts;201
14.4.2;4.2 Empirical Framework, Explanatory Variables, and Sample Size;202
14.4.3;4.3 Results;203
14.5;5 Concluding Remarks;205
14.6;References;206
15;Differences in Consumption Patterns Between Urban and Rural Migrant Households in Vietnam;208
15.1;1 Introduction;208
15.2;2 Literature;210
15.3;3 Data and Descriptive Statistics;211
15.4;4 Methodology;215
15.4.1;4.1 OLS Regression;215
15.4.2;4.2 Quantile Regression;216
15.5;5 Empirical Results;216
15.5.1;5.1 OLS Estimates;216
15.5.2;5.2 Potential Drivers of the Consumption Gap;218
15.5.3;5.3 Quantiles Regression;219
15.5.4;5.4 Robustness Check;220
15.6;6 Conclusion;220
15.7;Appendix;222
15.8;References;228
16;Housing Gaps Between Rural-Urban Migrants and Local Urban Residents: The Case of Vietnam;230
16.1;1 Introduction;231
16.2;2 Data and Definitions;235
16.3;3 Methodology;237
16.3.1;3.1 A Measurement of the Housing Condition Index;237
16.3.2;3.2 Model Specification;239
16.3.3;3.3 Decomposition of the Housing Ownership and Housing Condition Gap;242
16.4;4 Housing and Household Characteristics: Differences Between Rural Migrants and Urban Locals;244
16.4.1;4.1 Housing Gap Between Rural Migrants and Urban Locals;244
16.4.2;4.2 Household Characteristics Gap Between Rural Migrants and Urban Locals;246
16.5;5 Empirical Findings;250
16.5.1;5.1 Associations of Homeownership and Housing Quality;250
16.5.2;5.2 Housing Gap Decomposition;255
16.5.2.1;5.2.1 Homeownership Gap Decomposition;255
16.5.2.2;5.2.2 Housing Quality Gap Decomposition;257
16.6;6 Conclusion;259
16.7;References;260
17;The Children of Migrants and Their Schooling;263
17.1;1 Introduction;263
17.2;2 The 2013 Law on Residence and the Household Registration System in Vietnam;265
17.3;3 Previous Studies on Migrant Workers and Children;267
17.4;4 The Children of VRUMS2013;270
17.4.1;4.1 Schooling of VRUMS Children;272
17.4.2;4.2 Children Out of School;274
17.4.3;4.3 Financing of Children´s Education;275
17.5;5 Conclusions;276
17.6;Appendices;277
17.6.1;Appendix 1: 2013 Law on Residence-Revisions from 2007;277
17.6.2;Appendix 2: Decree 35 on the Enforcement of the 2013 Law on Residence;279
17.6.3;Appendix 3: The 2009 Housing Law;280
17.6.4;Appendix 4: Determinants of Child Welfare Analysis;281
17.7;References;283
17.8;Public Resources on Legal Documents;283
18;Conclusion;284
18.1;References;288