Litwack Vitamins and Hormones

1. Auflage 1995
ISBN: 978-0-08-086647-5
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band Volume 50, 496 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: Vitamins and Hormones

Under the editorial leadership of Dr Gerald Litwack, Vitamins and Hormones continues to publish up-to-date synthetic reviews of interest to endocrinologists and biochemists. Others interested in the structure and function of biologically active molecules, like hormones and vitamins, will increasingly turn to this successful series for comprehensive reviews by leading contributors to this and related disciplines.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Litwack, Gerald

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Vitamins and Hormones: Advances in Research and Applications;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Contents;8
5;Preface;12
6;Chapter 1. Vitamin B12 and the B12 Coenzymes;14
6.1;I. Introduction;14
6.2;II. Role Vitamin B12 in Pernicious Anemia;16
6.3;III. Isolation of the Anti-Pernicious Anemia Factor;18
6.4;IV. Chemical Formula of the Vitamin;21
6.5;V. Molecular Structures of the Two Coenzymes;25
6.6;VI. Chemical Synthesis of the Vitamin;49
6.7;VII. Biosynthesis of the Vitamin;49
6.8;VIII. Internalization of the Vitamin;53
6.9;IX. Enzymes for Which B12 Coenzymes Provide a Cofactor;57
6.10;X. Possible Modes of Action of the Coenzymes;67
6.11;References;73
7;Chapter 2. Hormones in Milk;90
7.1;I. Introduction;91
7.2;II. Hypothalamo–Hypophyseal Hormones;91
7.3;III. Thyroid Gland Hormones;99
7.4;IV. Parathyroid Hormone and Parathyroid Hormone-Related Peptides;105
7.5;V. Adrenal Gland Hormones;105
7.6;VI. Sexual Gland Hormones;107
7.7;VII. Pancreatic Hormones;111
7.8;VIII. Growth Factors;112
7.9;IX. Erythropoietin;126
7.10;X. Brain–Gut Hormones;126
7.11;XI. Other Peptides (with Possible Physiological Effects) Present in Milk;128
7.12;XII. Nucleotides;130
7.13;References;131
8;Chapter 3. Molecular and Cellular Bases of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Action in the Pituitary and Central Nervous System ;164
8.1;I. Introduction;165
8.2;II. The GnRH Receptor;166
8.3;III. Receptor-Effector Coupling of the Pituitary Response System;175
8.4;IV. The Molecular Basis of Homologous Desensitization of Gonadotropin Release;192
8.5;V. New Models for the Study of GnRH Receptor–Effector Coupling;201
8.6;VI. GnRH and Its Receptor in the Brain;202
8.7;VII. Conclusion;213
8.8;References;214
9;Chapter 4. Division of Labor among Gonadotropes;228
9.1;I. Introduction ;228
9.2;II. Plasticity in the Gonadotrope Population ;233
9.3;III. Differential Processing of Gonadotropins by Bihormonal Gonadotropes;269
9.4;IV. The Gonadotrope as a Regulatory Cell;276
9.5;V. Summary and Conclusions;287
9.6;References;288
10;Chapter 5. The Thyrotropin Receptor;300
10.1;I. Introduction ;301
10.2;II. Structure of the TSH Receptor;305
10.3;III. Multihormonal Regulation of the Thyroid;331
10.4;IV. Multihormonal Regulation of TSH Receptor Gene Expression Mimics Multihormonal Regulation of the Thyroid ;337
10.5;V. Regulation of the TSHR at a Promoter Level ;343
10.6;VI. cAMP-Induced Negative Regulation of the TSH Receptor Is Related to Regulation of MHC Class I and Class I1 Gene Regulation and the Development of Thyroid Autoantibodies;376
10.7;VII. Summary;380
10.8;References;381
11;Chapter 6. Molecular Biology of the Growth Hormone–Prolactin Gene System;398
11.1;I. Introduction;398
11.2;II. Structure and Evolution of the Growth Hormone–Prolactin Gene Family;399
11.3;III. Sites of Expression;404
11.4;IV. Genetic Defects in Structure and Function of the Human Growth Hormone Gene Cluster ;425
11.5;V. Growth Hormone and Prolactin Receptors;430
11.6;VI. Genetic Defects of GH Receptor Expression and Function;448
11.7;References;451
12;Chapter 7. The Role of Steroid Metabolism in Protective and Specificity- Conferring Mechanisms of Mineralocorticoid Action;474
12.1;I. Introduction;474
12.2;II. 11 ß-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase;475
12.3;III. Apparent Mineralocorticoid Excess Syndrome;476
12.4;IV. Licorice Ingestion and Na+ Retention;477
12.5;V. Na+ Retention Conferred on Glucocorticoids by Licorice;480
12.6;VI. Protection of Glucocorticoid Receptors;482
12.7;VII. Protection of Mineralocorticoid Receptors;484
12.8;VIII. Separability of Na+ Retention and K+ Secretion Responses;486
12.9;IX. Enzyme Inhibition by Licorice and Its Derivatives;488
12.10;X. 5a- and 5ß-Ring A Reduction of Steroid Hormones;489
12.11;XI. Endogenous Substances and Protection Mechanisms;490
12.12;XII. Conclusions;493
12.13;References;493
13;Index;500