Kumar / Managi The Economics of Sustainable Development

The Case of India
2009
ISBN: 978-0-387-98176-5
Verlag: Springer US
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, Band 32, 297 Seiten

Reihe: Natural Resource Management and Policy

This book highlights methodological approaches for the economics of sustainable development and brings together recent empirical work done in India, especially by Dr. Surender Kumar and Dr. Shunsuke Managi. Various chapters in this book use Indian data to show the very wide applicability of methodologies in the theory of production for dealing with many empirical issues of environmentally sustainable development in a developing country. I congratulate the authors for the time and effort devoted to compiling this very useful reference on the subject and the publishers for publishing this volume. The methodologies of cost functions, distance functions, and production fu- tions have been used in many recent studies and in the studies reported in this book for environmental valuation. Environmental valuation is required for designing policy instruments like pollution taxes for sustainable development and for meas- ing green GDP. The UN methodology of integrated environmental and economic accounting provides ways of measuring the cost of maintaining environmental resources at sustainable levels or the maintenance cost for estimating green GDP. Some of the chapters in this book show that the methodology of distance functions could be used for estimating the cost of environmentally sustainable development.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Kumar, Surender

Managi, Shunsuke

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;185719_1_En_FM_OnlinePDF;2
1.1;Outline placeholder;1
1.1.1;Foreword;6
1.1.2;Acknowledgments;6
1.1.3;Contents;6
2;185719_1_En_01_Chapter_OnlinePDF;16
2.1;Chapter 1: Introduction;16
2.1.1;The Emerging Giant;16
2.1.2;The Problems;17
2.1.3;What We Do;19
3;185719_1_En_Part_I_OnlinePDF;23
4;185719_1_En_02_Chapter_OnlinePDF;24
4.1;Chapter 2: Economic Development and Environment;24
4.1.1;Introduction;24
4.1.2;Country Profile;25
4.1.2.1;Geographical Profile;25
4.1.2.2;Physiographic Conditions;25
4.1.2.3;Sociocultural Conditions;26
4.1.2.4;Indian Polity and Governance;26
4.1.3;Macroeconomic Growth;27
4.1.4;Poverty and Regional Disparities;31
4.1.5;Depletion of Natural Resources and Environmental Degradation;36
4.1.6;Sustainability of Growth;41
4.1.7;Conclusions;48
5;185719_1_En_03_Chapter_OnlinePDF;49
5.1;Chapter 3: Environmental Regulations and Compliance in India;49
5.1.1;Introduction;49
5.1.2;Environmental Regulations in India;50
5.1.2.1;Formal Regulations;52
5.1.2.2;The Institutional Framework for Environmental Management: A Brief History;53
5.1.2.3;Environmental Laws;54
5.1.2.4;Fiscal Instruments for Pollution Control in India;55
5.1.2.5;Review of Some Recent StudiesThis section, to a large extent, is based on Murty (2008).;57
5.1.2.6;Informal Regulation and People's ParticipationThis section, to a large extent, is based on Murty (2008).;59
5.1.3;Current State of India's Environment;62
5.1.3.1;Water Pollution;63
5.1.3.2;Water Pollution from Households;64
5.1.3.3;Water Pollution Loads from Industries;64
5.1.3.4;Water Pollution from Agriculture;64
5.1.3.5;Effects of Water Pollution;65
5.1.3.6;Air Pollution;66
5.1.3.7;Land and Forests;67
5.1.3.8;Valuation of Environmental Degradation in India;69
5.1.4;Causes of Poor Environmental Compliance;70
5.1.5;Concluding Remarks;72
5.1.6;Appendix 1: Key Environmental Legislation in India: An Illustrative List;73
5.1.7;Appendix 2: Major Polluting Industries;74
5.1.8;Appendix 3: Sector-Wise Compliance Status of 17 Categories of Highly Polluting Industries (June 2006);75
6;185719_1_En_04_Chapter_OnlinePDF;76
6.1;Chapter 4: Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers and the Environment;76
6.1.1;Introduction;76
6.1.2;Theory of Fiscal Federalism and the Environment;78
6.1.2.1;Decentralization and the Environment;78
6.1.2.2;Designing Fiscal Transfers for Environmental Sustainability;80
6.1.3;Fiscal Federalism and the Environment in India;81
6.1.3.1;Fiscal Federalism in India;81
6.1.3.2;Fiscal Transfers and Provision of Environmental Services in India;83
6.1.3.2.1;Geographic Area as an Indirect Criterion for Fiscal Transfers;83
6.1.3.2.2;Provision of Environmental Services and Grants-in-Aid;84
6.1.4;Fiscal Options for Integration of Environmental Services into Fiscal Transfers;86
6.1.5;Integrating Ecological Indicators into Fiscal Transfers: An Illustration;87
6.1.6;Conclusions;91
7;185719_1_En_Part_II_OnlinePDF;93
8;185719_1_En_05_Chapter_OnlinePDF;94
8.1;Chapter Chapter 5: Total Factor Productivity of Indian Industry;94
8.1.1;Introduction;94
8.1.2;Measurement of Total Factor Productivity;96
8.1.3;Total Factor Productivity of Indian Industry;100
8.1.3.1;Technical Efficiency Estimates;102
8.1.3.2;Total Factor Productivity Estimates;103
8.1.3.3;Innovative States and Convergence;110
8.1.4;Conclusions;113
9;185719_1_En_06_Chapter_OnlinePDF;115
9.1;Chapter 6: Valuing the Benefits of Air Pollution Abatement;115
9.1.1;Introduction;115
9.1.2;Panipat Thermal Power Station;117
9.1.3;Questionnaire and Survey Format;118
9.1.4;Application of Revealed Preference Method;120
9.1.4.1;The Model;120
9.1.4.2;Empirical Estimates of WTP;122
9.1.5;Application of Contingent Valuation Method;125
9.1.5.1;The Model;128
9.1.5.2;Results;129
9.1.6;Comparison Between WTP Obtained from CVM and Mitigation Behavior;131
9.1.7;Conclusions;132
10;185719_1_En_07_Chapter_OnlinePDF;134
10.1;Chapter 7: Environmental Regulation and Production Efficiency;134
10.1.1;Introduction;134
10.1.2;Output Distance Function and Its Econometric Estimation;135
10.1.2.1;Econometric Output Distance Function;136
10.1.2.2;A Model for Determinants of Technical Inefficiency;137
10.1.3;Production Efficiency of Thermal-Power Sector in India;138
10.1.3.1;Data;138
10.1.3.2;Estimation Procedures and Results;139
10.1.3.3;Results;140
10.1.4;Conclusion;143
11;185719_1_En_08_Chapter_OnlinePDF;145
11.1;Chapter 8: Cost of Environmentally Sustainable Industrial Development;145
11.1.1;Introduction;145
11.1.2;Measuring Cost of Sustainable Industrial Development;147
11.1.2.1;Output Distance Function;147
11.1.2.2;Derivation of Shadow Prices of Bad Outputs;148
11.1.2.3;Scale Economies;149
11.1.3;Estimation of Output Distance Function;149
11.1.3.1;Translog Output Distance Function and Data;149
11.1.3.2;Estimation of Output Distance Function: Programming Model;151
11.1.3.3;Stochastic Output Distance Function;152
11.1.4;Estimates of Shadow Prices, Scale Economies, and Technical Efficiency;156
11.1.4.1;Shadow Prices;156
11.1.4.2;Technical Efficiency;158
11.1.4.3;Scale Economies;159
11.1.5;Conclusion;160
11.1.6;Appendix: Estimates of Shadow Prices of BOD and COD and Technical Efficiency and Economies of Scale;161
12;185719_1_En_09_Chapter_OnlinePDF;163
12.1;Chapter 9: Win-Win Opportunities and Environmental Regulation: Test of the Porter Hypothesis;163
12.1.1;Introduction;163
12.1.2;Methodology for Testing Porter Hypothesis;165
12.1.2.1;Output Distance Function Approach;166
12.1.2.2;Econometric Estimation of Distance Functions;167
12.1.2.3;Relationship Between Technical Inefficiency and Environmental Regulation;168
12.1.3;Data and Translog Distance Function;168
12.1.4;Results;169
12.1.5;Conclusion;172
13;185719_1_En_10_Chapter_OnlinePDF;173
13.1;Chapter Chapter 10: Industrial Water Demand and Shadow Price;173
13.1.1;Introduction;173
13.1.2;Economic Model;175
13.1.3;Estimation Model;178
13.1.4;Data and Estimation Results;179
13.1.4.1;Shadow Price of Water;181
13.1.4.2;Analysis of Derived Demand for Water;182
13.1.5;Conclusions;185
14;185719_1_En_Part_III_OnlinePDF;188
15;185719_1_En_11_Chapter_OnlinePDF;1
15.1;Chapter Chapter 11: Environmental Productivity and Kuznets Curve;1
15.1.1;Introduction;1
15.1.2;Environmental Policies in India;1
15.1.3;Models;1
15.1.3.1;Measurement of Productivity;1
15.1.3.2;Kuznets Curve Relationship: Environmental Productivity and Income Level;1
15.1.4;Results;1
15.1.4.1;Productivity Analysis;1
15.1.4.2;Market Productivity;1
15.1.4.3;Joint Output Productivity;1
15.1.4.4;Environmental Productivity;1
15.1.4.5;Environmental Kuznets Curve Test;1
15.1.5;Concluding Remarks;1
15.1.6;Appendix. TFP of SO2 of Indian States;1
16;185719_1_En_12_Chapter_OnlinePDF;206
16.1;Chapter Chapter 12: A Global Analysis of Environmentally Sensitive Productivity Growth;206
16.1.1;Introduction;206
16.1.2;Measuring Environmentally Sensitive Productivity;208
16.1.2.1;Directional Distance Functions;210
16.1.2.2;Malmquist-Luenberger Productivity Index;210
16.1.2.3;Computation of Directional Distance Function;211
16.1.3;Data and Results;212
16.1.3.1;Conventional Measurement of Productivity;216
16.1.3.2;Environmentally Sensitive Measurement of Productivity;218
16.1.4;Conclusions;221
17;185719_1_En_13_Chapter_OnlinePDF;223
17.1;Chapter Chapter 13: Macroeconomic Effects of Oil Price Shocks;223
17.1.1;Introduction;223
17.1.2;Oil Prices-Macroeconomy Relationship;224
17.1.2.1;Channels Through Which Oil Price Shocks May Affect the Macroeconomy;224
17.1.2.2;Oil Prices-Macroeconomy Relationship: Empirical Evidences;225
17.1.3;Oil Price Data;227
17.1.4;Measurement of Impact of Oil Prices on Macroeconomy;231
17.1.5;Empirical Results;234
17.1.5.1;Testing for Significance and Granger-Causality;235
17.1.5.2;Macroeconomic Impacts of Oil Price Shocks;236
17.1.5.2.1;Impulse Response Functions and Accumulated Responses;238
17.1.5.2.2;Variance Decomposition Analysis;243
17.1.6;Concluding Remarks;244
17.1.7;Appendix;244
18;185719_1_En_14_Chapter_OnlinePDF;246
18.1;Chapter Chapter 14: Energy Prices and Induced Technological Progress;246
18.1.1;Introduction;246
18.1.2;Measurement of Technological Change;248
18.1.3;The Econometric Estimation;252
18.1.4;Data;254
18.1.4.1;Long-Term Energy Prices;255
18.1.5;Results;255
18.1.5.1;Levels of Inefficiency in the Countries;257
18.1.5.2;Technological Diffusion and Exogenous and Energy Price Induced Innovations;258
18.1.6;Summary and Conclusions;262
18.1.7;Appendix: Average Annual Values of Luenberger Productivity Indicators;263
19;185719_1_En_15_Chapter_OnlinePDF;265
19.1;Chapter 15: The Road Ahead;265
19.1.1;Findings;265
19.1.2;Climate Change Policy;270
19.1.3;What to Do?;273
20;185719_1_En_Bibliography_OnlinePDF;275
20.1;Chapter Bibliography:;275
21;185719_1_En_Index_OnlinePDF;293
21.1;Chapter : Index;293
22;185719_1_En_11_Chapter_OnlinePDF.pdf;1
22.1;Chapter Chapter 11: Environmental Productivity and Kuznets Curve;189
22.1.1;Introduction;189
22.1.2;Environmental Policies in India;191
22.1.3;Models;192
22.1.3.1;Measurement of Productivity;192
22.1.3.2;Kuznets Curve Relationship: Environmental Productivity and Income Level;195
22.1.4;Results;197
22.1.4.1;Productivity Analysis;197
22.1.4.2;Market Productivity;198
22.1.4.3;Joint Output Productivity;198
22.1.4.4;Environmental Productivity;199
22.1.4.5;Environmental Kuznets Curve Test;200
22.1.5;Concluding Remarks;204
22.1.6;Appendix. TFP of SO2 of Indian States;204