Kopetz / Rodd Distributed Computer Control Systems 1991

Towards Distributed Real-Time Systems with Predictable Timing Properties
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4832-9946-4
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 157 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: IFAC Workshop Series

Distributed computer control is at the intersection between control engineering and computer science. Containing 22 papers, this book provides an up-to-date reference source of important issues in the design and implementation of distributed real-time computer systems.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Kopetz, H.

Rodd, M. G.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Distributed Computer Control Systems 1991;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;10
5;WELCOME ADDRESS;8
6;CHAPTER 1. VALUE INCONSISTENCIES DUE TO TIME UNCERTAINTIES;12
6.1;INTRODUCTION;12
6.2;TIME AND SYSTEM MODEL;13
6.3;UNCERTAINTIES IN THE MEASUREMENT OF TIME AND VALUE;13
6.4;VALUE UNCERTAINTIES DUE TO TIME UNCERTAINTIES;14
6.5;VALUE INCONSISTENCIES DUE TO TIME UNCERTAINTIES;15
6.6;CONTINUOUS AND DISCRETE VARIABLES;16
6.7;CONCLUSIONS;16
6.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;16
6.9;REFERENCES;16
7;CHAPTER 2. A SCHEDULING ALGORITHM FOR REAL-TIME COMPUTER SYSTEMS USING TIME VALUE FUNCTIONS;18
7.1;1 Introduction;18
7.2;2 Problem formalization;19
7.3;3 Optimal decomposition;19
7.4;4 Scheduling algorithms;20
7.5;5 Computational experience;21
7.6;6 Conclusion;22
7.7;Acknowledgements;22
7.8;References;22
8;CHAPTER 3. AN ARCHITECTURE FOR INCREMENTAL PROTOTYPING OF DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME SYSTEMS;26
8.1;INTRODUCTION;26
8.2;GENERAL REQUIREMENTS;26
8.3;ARCHITECTURE OF THE IPTES ENVIRONMENT;27
8.4;DATA FLOW VIEW OF THE IPTES ENVIRONMENT;29
8.5;IMPLEMENTATION;29
8.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;29
8.7;References;31
9;CHAPTER 4. CONRAD - A SYSTEM FOR EVALUATING BEHAVIOURAL PROPERTIES OF EMBEDD ED SOFTWARE;32
9.1;INTRODUCTION;32
9.2;THE Q-MODEL;33
9.3;THE MODELLING METHODOLOGY;33
9.4;THE SUPPORTING SOFTWARE SYSTEM;34
9.5;THE EVALUATION OF BEHAVIOURAL CHARACTERISTICS;34
9.6;EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF EVALUATOR;35
9.7;CONCLUSIONS;36
9.8;REFERENCES;36
10;CHAPTER 5. VERIFICATION OF TIMING PROPERTIES IN A STATECHARTS-BASED MODEL OF REAL-TIME REACTIVE SYSTEMS;40
10.1;INTRODUCTION;40
10.2;STATECHARTS;40
10.3;FNLOG: FUNCTIONAL LOGIC-BASED SPECIFICATION LANGUAGE;41
10.4;FNLOG;41
10.5;SPECIFICATION OF TIMING PROPERTIES;42
10.6;THE VERIFICATION PROCEDURE;42
10.7;VERIFICATION OF THE STATECHARTS SPECIFICATION;43
10.8;CONCLUDING REMARKS;43
10.9;REFERENCES;44
10.10;ACNOWLEDGEMENTS;44
11;CHAPTER 6. A DISTRIBUTED OFF-LINE SCHEDULER FOR DISTRIBUTED HARD REAL-TIME SYSTEMS;46
11.1;INTRODUCTION;46
11.2;MODEL;47
11.3;DISTRIBUTED OFF-LINE SCHEDULE COMPUT ATIONALGORITHM;47
11.4;HEURISTICS;49
11.5;REFERENCES;51
12;CHAPTER 7. AN ASSESSMENT OF TASK EXECUTION TIME ANALYSIS;52
12.1;1 Introduction;52
12.2;2 Timing Measurements;52
12.3;3 Analytical Assessment of Task Execution Times;53
12.4;4 Experiments;53
12.5;5 Evaluation;55
12.6;6 Summary and Conclusion;56
12.7;Acknowledgments;56
12.8;References;56
13;CHAPTER 8. THE DRTEE ARCHITECTURE FOR DISTRIBUTED HARD REAL-TIME SYSTEMS;60
13.1;1. INTRODUCTION;60
13.2;2. ARCHITECTURAL ASSUMPTIONS;60
13.3;3. THE SCHEDULING APPROACH;61
13.4;4. GLOBAL SCHEDULING AND SIMULATED ANNEALING;62
13.5;5. INCREASING SYSTEM UTILITY;63
13.6;6. CONCLUSIONS AND CURRENT WORK;63
13.7;Acknowledgements;64
13.8;References;64
14;CHAPTER 9. SHARED DATA CONCEPTS FOR DEDOS;66
14.1;INTRODUCTION;66
14.2;DEDOS CONCEPTS;66
14.3;CONCURRENCY CONTROL TECHNIQUES;67
14.4;DISTRIBUTED REPLICATED OBJECTS;67
14.5;DISTRIBUTED NESTED OBJECTS;69
14.6;HW-OBJECT ALGORITHM;69
14.7;SW-OBJECT ALGORITHM;70
14.8;CONCLUSIONS;71
14.9;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;71
14.10;REFERENCES;71
15;CHAPTER 10. INTEGRAL DESIGN OF HARDWARE AND OPERATING SYSTEM FOR A DCCS;72
15.1;INTRODUCTION;72
15.2;OVERALL SYSTEM STRUCTURE;72
15.3;OPERATING SYSTEM;73
15.4;HARDWARE DESIGN;74
15.5;ACHIEVING PREDICTABLE TIMING BEHAVIOR;75
15.6;ACHIEVING A HIGH DEGREE OF FAULT TOLERANCE;75
15.7;CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK;76
15.8;REFERENCES;76
16;CHAPTER 11. PREDICTABLE INTERPROCESS COMMUNICATION FOR HARD REAL-TIME SYSTEMS1;80
16.1;INTRODUCTION;80
16.2;OUTLINE OF SPRING IPC DESIGN;81
16.3;SEMANTICS OF SPRING COMMUNICATION;81
16.4;STATUS AND FUTURE WORK;84
16.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;85
16.6;REFERENCES;85
17;CHAPTER 12. ENFORCING REAL-TIME BEHAVIOUR ONLAN-BASED PROTOCOLS;86
17.1;1 Introduction;86
17.2;2 Reliable Real-Time communications requirements;87
17.3;3 The Abstract Network Model;87
17.4;4 Implementing inaccessibility control;89
17.5;5 Conclusions;91
17.6;References;91
18;CHAPTER 13. ISSUES AND APPROACHES TO TESTING THE TIMING PROPERTIES OF TIME-CRITICAL PROTOCOLS;92
18.1;1. INTRODUCTION;92
18.2;2. ISSUES;93
18.3;3· APPROACHES;94
18.4;4· SUMMARY;95
18.5;References;95
19;CHAPTER 14. MAP FOR REAL-TIME DISTRIBUTED COMPUTER CONTROL SYSTEMS;100
19.1;INTRODUCTION;100
19.2;REAL-TIME REQUIREMENTS AND MAP;100
19.3;REAL-TIME MMS;101
19.4;REAL-TIME COMMUNICATION ENVIRONMENTS;102
19.5;MAP STACK PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS;102
19.6;OVERALL SYSTEM PERFORMANCE;103
19.7;SUMMARY;103
19.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;103
19.9;REFERENCE;103
20;CHAPTER 15. CONFIGURATION OF FA/MAP MODEL SYSTEM;106
20.1;INTRODUCTION;106
20.2;SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE;107
20.3;DEFINITION OF SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS;107
20.4;DESIGN OF NETWORK ARCHITECTURE;109
20.5;SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE;110
20.6;INSTALLATION AND EVALUATION;111
20.7;CONCLUSION;111
20.8;REFERENCE;111
21;CHAPTER 16. FIELDBUS ARCHITECTURE FOR HARD REAL TIME APPLICATIONS;112
21.1;INTRODUCTION;112
21.2;FIELDBUS PROPOSALS;112
21.3;THE COMMUNICATION MODEL;113
21.4;COMMUNICATION STACK;114
21.5;FIELDBUS APPLICATION;115
21.6;CONCLUSION;116
21.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;116
21.8;REFERENCES;117
22;CHAPTER 18. A MIXED MEDIA FIELD BUS FOR PROCESS CONTROL APPLICATIONS;118
22.1;INTRODUCTION;118
22.2;THE MULTI-DROP ELECTRICAL BUS;119
22.3;THE FIBRE OPTIC RING;119
22.4;A MIXED MEDIA SYSTEM;119
22.5;THE EDINBURGH FIELD BUS;120
22.6;CONCLUSIONS;121
22.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;121
22.8;REFERENCES;121
23;CHAPTER 19. REAL TIME CONTROL USING A DISTRIBUTED MULTI-AGENT STRUCTURE;124
23.1;BACKGROUND;124
23.2;MULTI-AGENT STRUCTURE;124
23.3;VORTEX;125
23.4;SERVO SYSTEM TIMING;126
23.5;CONCLUSION;127
23.6;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;127
23.7;REFERENCES;127
24;CHAPTER 20. CLOCK SYNCHRONISATION ON A HARD REAL-TIME TOKEN RING;128
24.1;INTRODUCTION;128
24.2;WHY THE TOKEN RING;128
24.3;PROCEDURE 1 : PERMANENT TRANSMISSION;129
24.4;PROCEDURE 2 : PERIODIC TRANSMISSION WITH RATE MONOTONIC PRIORITY;129
24.5;PROCEDURE 3 : PERIODIC TRANSMISSION WITH DEADLINE;130
24.6;SIMULATION;130
24.7;CONCLUSION;131
24.8;REFERENCES;131
25;CHAPTER 21. COMMUNICATION RELIABILITY IN DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME SYSTEMS;134
25.1;1 Introduction;134
25.2;2 Architectural Assumptions and Failure Hypothesis;134
25.3;3 Communication Protocol;135
25.4;4 Reliability Model;136
25.5;5 Numerical Results;138
25.6;â Summary;140
25.7;Acknowledgment;140
25.8;References;140
26;CHAPTER 22. DATAFLOW-LIKE LANGUAGES FOR DESIGNING DEPENDABLE REAL-TIME CONTROL SYSTEMS;142
26.1;INTRODUCTION;142
26.2;ADVANTAGES OF THE DATA FLOW MODEL;143
26.3;VARIATIONS AND EXTENSIONS;144
26.4;APPLICATION OF THE PROPOSED METHOD;145
26.5;CONCLUSIONS;146
26.6;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;147
26.7;REFERENCES;147
27;CHAPTER23. AN EXTENSIBLE LANGUAGE FOR PROGRAMMING AND CONFIGURING DCCS;148
27.1;INTRODUCTION;148
27.2;STRUCTURE OF CONTROL SOFTWARE;148
27.3;LANGUAGE REQUIREMENTS;149
27.4;THE LANGUAGE;149
27.5;CONCLUSION;152
27.6;ACKNOWLEGEMENTS;152
27.7;REFERENCES;152
28;AUTHOR INDEX;156
29;KEYWORD INDEX;158