Klotz Techniques in High Pressure Neutron Scattering

Erscheinungsjahr 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4398-3563-0
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 276 Seiten

Drawing on the author’s practical work from the last 20 years, Techniques in High Pressure Neutron Scattering is one of the first books to gather recent methods that allow neutron scattering well beyond 10 GPa. The author shows how neutron scattering has to be adapted to the pressure range and type of measurement.

Suitable for both newcomers and experienced high pressure scientists and engineers, the book describes various solutions spanning two to three orders of magnitude in pressure that have emerged in the past three decades. Many engineering concepts are illustrated through examples of real high pressure devices that have demonstrated their capacity and have produced scientific results.

After introducing basic engineering concepts related to the elastic and plastic behavior of cylindrical pressure devices, the text emphasizes mechanical and neutronic properties of construction materials. Subsequent chapters describe numerous high pressure techniques, including liquid/gas, clamp, and McWhan cells. The book also focuses on Paris-Edinburgh devices, high pressure metrology, and scientific applications.

Zielgruppe

Researchers in materials physics, CMP, biophysics, geophysics, earth sciences, and chemistry.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Klotz, Stefan

Fachgebiete

• Naturwissenschaften Physik Elektromagnetismus Mikroskopie, Spektroskopie
• Naturwissenschaften Chemie Analytische Chemie Magnetresonanz
• Technische Wissenschaften Maschinenbau | Werkstoffkunde Technische Mechanik | Werkstoffkunde Werkstoffkunde, Materialwissenschaft: Forschungsmethoden

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Basic Concepts
Basic elements of material strength
The cylindrical pressure vessel

Construction Materials I: Nonferrous Alloys
Copper beryllium
Titanium-zirconium (TiZr)
High tensile titanium alloys
High tensile aluminium alloys

Construction Materials II: Steels and Super-Alloys
General
The iron-carbon phase diagram
Other alloy elements
Designation (naming) of steels
High tensile steels
Stainless steels
Superalloys
Hydrogen compatibility

Construction Materials III: Sinter Materials
Tungsten carbide (TC)
Sintered cubic boron nitride (cBN)
Sintered diamond (SD)
Perspective: Nano-polycrystalline diamond (NPD)
Ceramics

Liquid/Gas and Clamp Pressure Cells
Liquid/gas pressure cells
Clamp cells

McWhan-Type Cells
General
Conclusion

Sapphire, Moissanite and Diamond Anvil Cells
Sapphire cells
Moissanite anvil cells (MACs)
Diamond anvil cells (DACs)

Special Designs
SANS high pressure cells
Single-crystal sapphire gas cells

Uniaxial Pressure Cells
General
Clamp devices
Remotely operated devices

Paris-Edinburgh Cells I
General
Load-frames
Anvils and gaskets
General remarks and observations

Paris-Edinburgh Cells II: Low and High Temperatures
General
Low temperatures
High temperatures

Paris-Edinburgh Cells III: Ancillary Equipment
Oil and gas compressors
Loading clamps
High pressure gas loading
Anvil rotor

Pressure Determination and Pressure Transmitting Media
Equations-of-state (EoS)
Pressure markers
Useful empirical rules
Pressure transmitting media (PTM)
General comments and recommendations

Applications
General
Diffraction
Inelastic scattering
Small angle neutron scattering (SANS)
Quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS)

Appendices
Bibliography
Index