Handbook of Inland Aquatic Ecosystem Management

Erscheinungsjahr 2012
ISBN: 978-1-4398-4525-7
Verlag: CRC Press

Buch, Englisch, 430 Seiten, Format (B × H): 161 mm x 240 mm, Gewicht: 842 g

Reihe: Applied Ecology and Environmental Management

Combining background knowledge and practical tools, Handbook of Inland Aquatic Ecosystem Management gives you an overview of how to manage inland waters in a holistic manner. It examines the problems that threaten aquatic inland water ecosystems and presents a set of toolboxes for solving them. The book focuses on lakes, reservoirs, ponds, rivers, wetlands, lagoons, and estuaries, including the predominant freshwater ecosystems as well as saline and brackish ecosystems.

Understand Ecosystem Properties and Ecological Processes
The book consists of two parts. The first part reviews the basic scientific knowledge needed in the environmental and ecological management of aquatic ecosystems, from limnology and ecology of inland water ecosystems to environmental physics and chemistry. It emphasizes the interacting processes that characterize all inland aquatic ecosystems and explains the scientific considerations behind the conservation principles and their applications.

Define the Problems and Quantify Their Sources
The second part of the book presents toolboxes that you can apply to achieve more holistic environmental and ecological management. After an overview of the environmental problems of inland aquatic ecosystems and their sources, the book examines toolboxes to help you identify the problem, namely mass balances, ecological indicators, and ecological models. It also discusses toolboxes that can be used to find an environmental management solution to the problem: environmental technology, cleaner technology, and ecotechnology.

Integrate Science and Practical Toolboxes to Manage Inland Waters More Effectively
This book shows you how to integrate biology, ecology, limnology, and chemistry with the toolboxes in an up-to-date, multidisciplinary approach to environmental management. It provides a powerful framework for identifying ecological mechanisms that interact with global environmental problems threatening inland aquatic ecosystems.

Zielgruppe

Researchers and graduate students in ecology, biology, and environmental engineering; limnologists, ecologists, environmental managers, and environmental engineers dealing with freshwater ecosystems; consultants and engineers focusing on environmental problems in industries, communities, counties, and states.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Jorgensen, Sven Erik

Tundisi, Jose Galizia

Tundisi, Takako Matsumura

Fachgebiete

• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Umweltmanagement, Umweltökonomie
• Geowissenschaften Geologie Limnologie (Süßwasser)
• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Angewandte Ökologie
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Biowissenschaften Ökologie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Part I Limnology and Ecology of Inland Waters

Overview of Inland Aquatic Ecosystems and Their General Characteristics
Introduction: A Short Overview
Reservoirs in Brazil: An Example of Large-Scale Construction of Artificial Aquatic Systems

Lakes and Reservoirs as Ecosystems
Lakes and Reservoirs Have Many Interactive Factors
Pulse Effects in Lakes and Reservoirs
Vertical and Longitudinal (or Horizontal) Processes in Reservoirs and Their Complexity
Differences between Lakes and Reservoirs
External Nutrient Loading and Nutrient Dynamics
Succession in Lakes and Reservoirs
Lake and Reservoir Sedimentation
Shallow Lakes
Future Research Needs for Lakes and Reservoirs as Tools for Advanced Management of These Ecosystems
Eutrophication Problem
Growth of Phytoplankton
Solutions to the Eutrophication Problem
Reservoirs and Lakes as Complex Systems and They Require an Integrated Management Plan

Physical Processes and Circulation in Lakes and Reservoirs
Introduction
Physical Processes
Potential Energy and the Turbulent Kinetic Energy
Transport Process in Lake and Reservoir
Stratification and the Circulation of Lakes and Reservoirs and the Ecological Processes
Classification of Lakes
Reservoirs
Lake Morphometry and Lake Forms

Rivers as Ecosystems
Physical Characteristics: Horizontal Gradients
Biogeochemical Cycles
Aquatic Biota of Rivers
Energy Flux and Food Chains
Large Rivers
River Fisheries
Small Creeks and Streams
Ecological, Economical, and Social Importance of the Rivers: The Hydrosocial Cycle
Human Impacts on River Ecosystems

Estuaries and Coastal Lagoons as Ecosystems
Introduction
Classification and Zonation of Estuaries
Environmental Factors
Aquatic Biota of the Estuaries
Freshwater Inflow into Estuaries
Primary Production in Estuaries and Coastal Lagoons
Anthropogenic Impacts on Estuaries

Wetlands
Introduction: The Importance of Wetlands
Ecosystem Services by Wetlands
Types of Wetlands and Wetland Processes
Constructed Wetlands
Natural Wetlands

Tropical Freshwater Ecosystems
Tropical Lakes and Floodplains of the South American Continent
Continental Waters of Tropical Africa
Floodplains and Wetlands in Asia
Tropical Freshwater Environments

Freshwater Temperate Lakes and Reservoirs
Introduction
English Lake District
Laurentian Great Lakes in North America
Japanese Lakes
Reservoirs in Temperate Regions

Application of the Conservation Principles
Mass Conservation: An Important Basic Principle
Threshold Levels
Steady State and Equilibrium
Basic Concepts of Mass Balances
Mass Conservations in a Food Chain
Hydrological Cycle

Application of Aquatic Chemistry in Environmental Management I: Calculations of Equilibria
Equilibrium Constant
Activities and Activity Coefficients
Mixed Equilibrium Constant
Classification of Chemical Processes and Their Equilibrium Constants
Many Simultaneous Reactions
Henry’s Law
Adsorption
Biological Concentration Factor

Application of Aquatic Chemistry in Environmental Management II: Equilibrium Calculations of the Four Types of Reactions
Double Logarithmic Diagrams Applied on Acid–Base Reactions
Molar Fraction, Alkalinity, and Buffer Capacity
Dissolved Carbon Dioxide
Precipitation and Dissolution: Solubility of Hydroxides
Solubility of Carbonates in Open Systems
Solubility of Complexes
Stability of the Solid Phase
Complex Formation
Environmental Importance of Complex Formation
Conditional Constant
Application of Double Logarithmic Diagrams to Determine the Conditional Constants for Complex Formation
Redox Equilibria: Electron Activity and Nernst’s Law
pe as Master Variable
Examples of Relevant Processes in the Aquatic Environment
Redox Conditions in Natural Waters
Construction of pe–pH

Über Autor(innen)

Tundisi, Jose Galizia
Jose Galizia Tundisi is a retired professor of environmental sciences at the University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil. He currently serves as president of the International Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management, a nonprofit organization at São Carlos. He also serves as full professor of environmental quality at University Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. He has served as a consultant in 40 countries in water and resource management, and limnology, aquatic biology, and watershed management.

Jorgensen, Sven Erik
Sven Erik Jørgensen is a professor of environmental chemistry at University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. He is an honorable doctor of science at Coimbra University, Portugal, and at Dar es Salaam University, Tanzania. In 2004 and 2005, Dr. Jørgensen was awarded the prestigious Stockholm Water Prize, the Prigogine Prize, and the Einstein Professorship by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 2007, he received the Pascal medal and was elected a member of the European Academy of Sciences.

Tundisi, Takako Matsumura
Takako Matsumura Tundisi is a retired professor of ecology at the Federal University of São Carlos, Brazil. She currently serves as scientific director of the International Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management, a nonprofit organization at São Carlos. She developed several projects in limnology of tropical lakes and reservoirs and coordinated a large-scale study of 220 reservoirs in São Paulo State for the Biota-FAPESP program. Since 1999, she has been chief editor of the Brazilian Journal of Biology.

Sven Erik Jørgensen is a professor of environmental chemistry at University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. He is an honorable doctor of science at Coimbra University, Portugal, and at Dar es Salaam University, Tanzania. In 2004 and 2005, Dr. Jørgensen was awarded the prestigious Stockholm Water Prize, the Prigogine Prize, and the Einstein Professorship by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 2007, he received the Pascal medal and was elected a member of the European Academy of Sciences.
Jose Galizia Tundisi is a retired professor of environmental sciences at the University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil. He currently serves as president of the International Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management, a nonprofit organization at São Carlos. He also serves as full professor of environmental quality at University Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. He has served as a consultant in 40 countries in water and resource management, and limnology, aquatic biology, and watershed management.
Takako Matsumura Tundisi is a retired professor of ecology at the Federal University of São Carlos, Brazil. She currently serves as scientific director of the International Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management, a nonprofit organization at São Carlos. She developed several projects in limnology of tropical lakes and reservoirs and coordinated a large-scale study of 220 reservoirs in São Paulo State for the Biota-FAPESP program. Since 1999, she has been chief editor of the Brazilian Journal of Biology.