Jakli / Saupe One- and Two-Dimensional Fluids

Properties of Smectic, Lamellar and Columnar Liquid Crystals
Erscheinungsjahr 2010
ISBN: 978-1-4200-1220-0
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 352 Seiten

Reihe: Condensed Matter Physics

Smectic and lamellar liquid crystals are three-dimensional layered structures in which each layer behaves as a two-dimensional fluid. Because of their reduced dimensionality they have unique physical properties and challenging theoretical descriptions, and are the subject of much current research. One- and Two-Dimensional Fluids: Properties of Smectic, Lamellar and Columnar Liquid Crystals offers a comprehensive review of these phases and their applications.

The book details the basic structures and properties of one- and two-dimensional fluids and the nature of phase transitions. The later chapters consider the optical, magnetic, and electrical properties of special structures, including uniformly and non-uniformly aligned anisotropic films, lyotropic lamellar systems, helical and chiral structures, and organic anisotropic materials. Topics also include typical and defective features, magnetic susceptibility, and electrical conductivity. The book concludes with a review of current and potential applications in the displays, materials science, and biomedical industries.

Rather than focusing on one aspect of liquid crystal research, this book provides a cohesive summary of the properties and applications of smectic, lamellar, and columnar liquid crystals. One- and Two-Dimensional Fluids is a valuable resource for those working with liquid crystals every day and an effective foundation for newcomers to the field.

Zielgruppe

Materials scientists, chemists, electronics and optical engineers, device physics researchers, and students in these areas.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Jakli, Antal

Saupe, A.

Fachgebiete

• Naturwissenschaften Chemie Physikalische Chemie Chemische Kristallographie
• Naturwissenschaften Physik Thermodynamik Festkörperphysik, Kondensierte Materie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

LIQUID CRYSTAL MATERIALS
Thermotropic Liquid Crystalline Materials
Lyotropic Liquid Crystals
Other Lyotropic Phases
Amphotropic Liquid Crystals

FLUIDS WITH REDUCED DIMENSIONALITY
Surfaces Effects on Anisotropic Fluids
Fluid Monolayers
Soap Films
Smectic Membranes
Fluid Foams
Fluid Fibers

PHASE TRANSITIONS
Transition between the Minimal Surfaces of Soap Films
Landau Description of Phase Transitions
The I-N Transition
Molecular Approaches

RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Nematic Liquid Crystals
Cholesteric Liquid Crystals
Rheology of Smectic Liquid Crystals
Rheology of Columnar Liquid Crystals
Lyotropic Lamellar Systems
Soap Membranes
Rheology of Foams
Rheology at Surfaces

OPTICS OF ANISOTROPIC MATERIALS
Achiral Materials
Helical and Chiral Structures
Experimental Methods to Measure Refractive Index and Birefringence

DEFECT STRUCTURES
Nematic Liquid Crystals
Smectic and Lamellar Liquid Crystals
Cholesteric Liquid Crystals
Defect Phases
Defect-Mediated Phase Transitions

MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
Isotropic Materials
Magnetic Properties of Liquid Crystals
Magnetic Field-Induced Director Deformation
Magnetic Effects in Liquid Crystals
Measurements of the Magnetic Susceptibility
Measurements of the Anisotropy of the Magnetic Susceptibility

ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
Dielectrics
Relations between Microscopic and Macroscopic Parameters
Dielectric Spectroscopy
Dielectric Torque
Electric Conductivity
Piezoelectricity
Flexoelectricity
Ferroelectricity

APPLICATIONS
Liquid Crystal Displays
Nondisplay Liquid Crystal Applications
Lyotropic Liquid Crystals and Life

Appendix A: Chemicals
Basics of Organic Chemistry
Surfactants
Appendix B: Rheology of Condensed Matters
Appendix C: Symmetry at Work
Elastic Constants of 3D Anisotropic Fluids
Piezoelectric Components in Anisotropic Systems
Appendix D: Dielectric Spectroscopy
Dielectric Relaxation
Dielectric Measurements Techniques

Index
* All Chapters Contain References