House Inorganic Chemistry

1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-0-08-091879-2
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 864 Seiten

This concise textbook meets several objectives. First, the topics included were selected in order to provide essential information in the major areas of inorganic chemistry (molecular structure, acid-base chemistry, coordination chemistry, ligand field theory, solid state chemistry, etc.). These topics form the basis for competency in inorganic chemistry at a level commensurate with the one semester course taught at most colleges and universities.
The second objective has been to stress fundamental principles in the discussion of several topics. For example, the hard-soft interaction principle is employed in discussion of acid-base chemistry, stability of complexes, solubility, and predicting reaction products.
Third, the presentation of topics is made with an effort to be clear and concise so that the book is portable and user friendly. This book presents in convenient form a readable account of the essentials of inorganic chemistry that can serve as both as a textbook for a one semester course upper level course and as a guide for self study.
Figures, tables, and end-of-chapter problems round out this pedagogically rich, thematically balanced text for advanced undergraduate and graduate level students.
• Concise coverage maximizes student understanding and minimizes the inclusion of details students are unlikely to use.
• Discussion of elements begins with survey chapters focused on the main groups, while later chapters cover the elements in greater detail.
• Each chapter opens with narrative introductions and includes figures, tables, and end-of-chapter problem sets.

James E. House is an Emeritus Professor of Chemistry, Illinois State University, and Adjunct Professor of Chemistry, Illinois Wesleyan University. He received BS and MA degrees from Southern Illinois University and the PhD from the University of Illinois, Urbana. In his 32 years at Illinois State, he taught a variety of courses in inorganic and physical chemistry. He has authored almost 150 publications in chemistry journals, many dealing with reactions in solid materials, as well as books on chemical kinetics, quantum mechanics, and inorganic chemistry. He was elected Professor of the Year in 2011 by the student body at Illinois Wesleyan University.

Autoren/Hrsg.

House, James E.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Inorganic Chemistry;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Contents;6
5;Preface;12
6;PART 1 Structure of Atoms and Molecules;16
6.1;CHAPTER 1 Light, Electrons, and Nuclei;18
6.1.1;1.1 Some Early Experiments in Atomic Physics;18
6.1.2;1.2 The Nature of Light;22
6.1.3;1.3 The Bohr Model;26
6.1.4;1.4 Particle-Wave Duality;30
6.1.5;1.5 Electronic Properties of Atoms;32
6.1.6;1.6 Nuclear Binding Energy;37
6.1.7;1.7 Nuclear Stability;39
6.1.8;1.8 Types of Nuclear Decay;40
6.1.9;1.9 Predicting Decay Modes;44
6.2;CHAPTER 2 Basic Quantum Mechanics and Atomic Structure;50
6.2.1;2.1 The Postulates;50
6.2.2;2.2 The Hydrogen Atom;59
6.2.3;2.3 The Helium Atom;64
6.2.4;2.4 Slater Wave Functions;66
6.2.5;2.5 Electron Configurations;67
6.2.6;2.6 Spectroscopic States;71
6.3;CHAPTER 3 Covalent Bonding in Diatomic Molecules;80
6.3.1;3.1 The Basic Ideas of Molecular Orbital Methods;80
6.3.2;3.2 The H[sub(2)][sup(+)] and H[sub(2)] Molecules;88
6.3.3;3.3 Diatomic Molecules of Second-Row Elements;91
6.3.4;3.4 Photoelectron Spectroscopy;98
6.3.5;3.5 Heteronuclear Diatomic Molecules;99
6.3.6;3.6 Electronegativity;102
6.3.7;3.7 Spectroscopic States for Molecules;106
6.4;CHAPTER 4 A Survey of Inorganic Structures and Bonding;110
6.4.1;4.1 Structures of Molecules Having Single Bonds;110
6.4.2;4.2 Resonance and Formal Charge;120
6.4.3;4.3 Complex Structures—A Preview of Coming Attractions;132
6.4.4;4.4 Electron-Deficient Molecules;140
6.4.5;4.5 Structures Having Unsaturated Rings;142
6.4.6;4.6 Bond Energies;144
6.5;CHAPTER 5 Symmetry and Molecular Orbitals;152
6.5.1;5.1 Symmetry Elements;152
6.5.2;5.2 Orbital Symmetry;160
6.5.3;5.3 A Brief Look at Group Theory;163
6.5.4;5.4 Construction of Molecular Orbitals;168
6.5.5;5.5 Orbitals and Angles;173
6.5.6;5.6 Simple Calculations Using the Hückel Method;176
7;PART 2 Condensed Phases;192
7.1;CHAPTER 6 Dipole Moments and Intermolecular Interactions;194
7.1.1;6.1 Dipole Moments;194
7.1.2;6.2 Dipole-Dipole Forces;199
7.1.3;6.3 Dipole-Induced Dipole Forces;201
7.1.4;6.4 London (Dispersion) Forces;202
7.1.5;6.5 The van der Waals Equation;206
7.1.6;6.6 Hydrogen Bonding;208
7.1.7;6.7 Cohesion Energy and Solubility Parameters;218
7.2;CHAPTER 7 Ionic Bonding and Structures of Solids;226
7.2.1;7.1 Energetics of Crystal Formation;226
7.2.2;7.2 Madelung Constants;231
7.2.3;7.3 The Kapustinskii Equation;234
7.2.4;7.4 Ionic Sizes and Crystal Environments;235
7.2.5;7.5 Crystal Structures;239
7.2.6;7.6 Solubility of Ionic Compounds;244
7.2.7;7.7 Proton and Electron Affinities;249
7.2.8;7.8 Structures of Metals;252
7.2.9;7.9 Defects in Crystals;255
7.2.10;7.10 Phase Transitions in Solids;258
7.2.11;7.11 Heat Capacity;260
7.2.12;7.12 Hardness of Solids;263
7.3;CHAPTER 8 Dynamic Processes in Inorganic Solids;270
7.3.1;8.1 Characteristics of Solid-State Reactions;270
7.3.2;8.2 Kinetic Models for Reactions in Solids;273
7.3.3;8.3 Thermal Methods of Analysis;281
7.3.4;8.4 Effects of Pressure;282
7.3.5;8.5 Reactions in Some Solid Inorganic Compounds;285
7.3.6;8.6 Phase Transitions;287
7.3.7;8.7 Reactions at Interfaces;291
7.3.8;8.8 Diffusion in Solids;292
7.3.9;8.9 Sintering;295
7.3.10;8.10 Drift and Conductivity;297
8;PART 3 Acids, Bases, and Solvents;302
8.1;CHAPTER 9 Acid-Base Chemistry;304
8.1.1;9.1 Arrhenius Theory;304
8.1.2;9.2 Brønsted-Lowry Theory;307
8.1.3;9.3 Factors Affecting Strength of Acids and Bases;311
8.1.4;9.4 Acid-Base Character of Oxides;316
8.1.5;9.5 Proton Affinities;317
8.1.6;9.6 Lewis Theory;320
8.1.7;9.7 Catalytic Behavior of Acids and Bases;324
8.1.8;9.8 The Hard-Soft Interaction Principle (HSIP);328
8.1.9;9.9 Electronic Polarizabilities;338
8.1.10;9.10 The Drago Four-Parameter Equation;339
8.2;CHAPTER 10 Chemistry in Nonaqueous Solvents;346
8.2.1;10.1 Some Common Nonaqueous Solvents;346
8.2.2;10.2 The Solvent Concept;347
8.2.3;10.3 Amphoteric Behavior;350
8.2.4;10.4 The Coordination Model;350
8.2.5;10.5 Chemistry in Liquid Ammonia;351
8.2.6;10.6 Liquid Hydrogen Fluoride;357
8.2.7;10.7 Liquid Sulfur Dioxide;360
8.2.8;10.8 Superacids;364
9;PART 4 Chemistry of the Elements;368
9.1;CHAPTER 11 Chemistry of Metallic Elements;370
9.1.1;11.1 The Metallic Elements;370
9.1.2;11.2 Band Theory;371
9.1.3;11.3 Group IA and IIA Metals;374
9.1.4;11.4 Zintl Phases;382
9.1.5;11.5 Aluminum and Beryllium;385
9.1.6;11.6 The First-Row Transition Metals;387
9.1.7;11.7 Second- and Third-Row Transition Metals;389
9.1.8;11.8 Alloys;391
9.1.9;11.9 Chemistry of Transition Metals;394
9.1.10;11.10 The Lanthanides;402
9.2;CHAPTER 12 Organometallic Compounds of the Main Group Elements;410
9.2.1;12.1 Preparation of Organometallic Compounds;411
9.2.2;12.2 Organometallic Compounds of Group IA Metals;413
9.2.3;12.3 Organometallic Compounds of Group IIA Metals;415
9.2.4;12.4 Organometallic Compounds of Group IIIA Metals;418
9.2.5;12.5 Organometallic Compounds of Group IVA Metals;423
9.2.6;12.6 Organometallic Compounds of Group VA Elements;424
9.2.7;12.7 Organometallic Compounds of Zn, Cd, and Hg;425
9.3;CHAPTER 13 Chemistry of Nonmetallic Elements I. Hydrogen, Boron, Oxygen and Carbon;430
9.3.1;13.1 Hydrogen;430
9.3.2;13.2 Boron;437
9.3.3;13.3 Oxygen;448
9.3.4;13.4 Carbon;459
9.4;CHAPTER 14 Chemistry of Nonmetallic Elements II. Groups IVA and VA;478
9.4.1;14.1 The Group IVA Elements;478
9.4.2;14.2 Nitrogen;495
9.4.3;14.3 Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth;512
9.5;CHAPTER 15 Chemistry of Nonmetallic Elements III. Groups VIA to VIIIA;538
9.5.1;15.1 Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium;538
9.5.2;15.2 The Halogens;560
9.5.3;15.3 The Noble Gases;579
10;PART 5 Chemistry of Coordination Compounds;590
10.1;CHAPTER 16 Introduction to Coordination Chemistry;592
10.1.1;16.1 Structures of Coordination Compounds;592
10.1.2;16.2 Metal-Ligand Bonds;597
10.1.3;16.3 Naming Coordination Compounds;598
10.1.4;16.4 Isomerism;600
10.1.5;16.5 A Simple Valence Bond Description of Coordinate Bonds;607
10.1.6;16.6 Magnetism;612
10.1.7;16.7 A Survey of Complexes of First-Row Metals;614
10.1.8;16.8 Complexes of Second- and Third-Row Metals;614
10.1.9;16.9 The 18-Electron Rule;616
10.1.10;16.10 Back Donation;619
10.1.11;16.11 Complexes of Dinitrogen, Dioxygen, and Dihydrogen;624
10.2;CHAPTER 17 Ligand Fields and Molecular Orbitals;632
10.2.1;17.1 Splitting of d Orbital Energies in Octahedral Fields;632
10.2.2;17.2 Splitting of d Orbital Energies in Fields of Other Symmetry;636
10.2.3;17.3 Factors Affecting ?;640
10.2.4;17.4 Consequences of Crystal Field Splitting;642
10.2.5;17.5 Jahn-Teller Distortion;645
10.2.6;17.6 Spectral Bands;646
10.2.7;17.7 Molecular Orbitals in Complexes;648
10.3;CHAPTER 18 Interpretation of Spectra;660
10.3.1;18.1 Splitting of Spectroscopic States;660
10.3.2;18.2 Orgel Diagrams;665
10.3.3;18.3 Racah Parameters and Quantitative Methods;667
10.3.4;18.4 The Nephelauxetic Effect;670
10.3.5;18.5 Tanabe-Sugano Diagrams;673
10.3.6;18.6 The Lever Method;677
10.3.7;18.7 Jørgensen's Method;680
10.3.8;18.8 Charge Transfer Absorption;681
10.4;CHAPTER 19 Composition and Stability of Complexes;686
10.4.1;19.1 Composition of Complexes in Solution;686
10.4.2;19.2 Job's Method of Continuous Variations;688
10.4.3;19.3 Equilibria Involving Complexes;690
10.4.4;19.4 Distribution Diagrams;696
10.4.5;19.5 Factors Affecting the Stability of Complexes;700
10.5;CHAPTER 20 Synthesis and Reactions of Coordination Compounds;710
10.5.1;20.1 Synthesis of Coordination Compounds;710
10.5.2;20.2 Substitution Reactions in Octahedral Complexes;716
10.5.3;20.3 Ligand Field Effects;723
10.5.4;20.4 Acid-Catalyzed Reactions of Complexes;727
10.5.5;20.5 Base-Catalyzed Reactions of Complexes;728
10.5.6;20.6 The Compensation Effect;730
10.5.7;20.7 Linkage Isomerization;731
10.5.8;20.8 Substitution in Square Planar Complexes;734
10.5.9;20.9 The Trans Effect;736
10.5.10;20.10 Electron Transfer Reactions;740
10.5.11;20.11 Reactions in Solid Coordination Compounds;743
10.6;CHAPTER 21 Complexes Containing Metal-Carbon and Metal-Metal Bonds;754
10.6.1;21.1 Binary Metal Carbonyls;754
10.6.2;21.2 Structures of Metal Carbonyls;757
10.6.3;21.3 Bonding of Carbon Monoxide to Metals;759
10.6.4;21.4 Preparation of Metal Carbonyls;762
10.6.5;21.5 Reactions of Metal Carbonyls;763
10.6.6;21.6 Structure and Bonding in Metal Alkene Complexes;769
10.6.7;21.7 Preparation of Metal Alkene Complexes;775
10.6.8;21.8 Chemistry of Cyclopentadienyl and Related Complexes;776
10.6.9;21.9 Bonding in Ferrocene;779
10.6.10;21.10 Reactions of Ferrocene and Other Metallocenes;782
10.6.11;21.11 Complexes of Benzene and Related Aromatics;785
10.6.12;21.12 Compounds Containing Metal-Metal Bonds;788
10.7;CHAPTER 22 Coordination Compounds in Catalysis and Biochemistry;794
10.7.1;22.1 Elementary Steps in Catalysis Processes;795
10.7.2;22.2 Homogeneous Catalysis;807
10.7.3;22.3 Bioinorganic Chemistry;817
11;Appendix A: Ionization Energies;832
12;Appendix B: Character Tables for Selected Point Groups;836
13;Index;842
13.1;A;842
13.2;B;843
13.3;C;845
13.4;D;848
13.5;E;849
13.6;F;850
13.7;G;850
13.8;H;851
13.9;I;852
13.10;J;853
13.11;K;853
13.12;L;854
13.13;M;855
13.14;N;856
13.15;O;857
13.16;P;858
13.17;Q;859
13.18;R;859
13.19;S;860
13.20;T;863
13.21;U;864
13.22;V;864
13.23;W;864
13.24;X;864
13.25;Y;865
13.26;Z;865