Gutsmiedl-Schümann The Farm as a Social Arena

1. Auflage 2016
ISBN: 978-3-8309-8552-5
Verlag: Waxmann Verlag GmbH
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 324 Seiten

'The Farm as a Social Arena' focusses on the social life of farms from prehistory until c. 1700 AD, based mainly, but not exclusively, on archaeological sources. All over Europe people have lived on farms, at least from the Bronze Age onwards. The papers presented here discuss farms in Norway, Sweden, Iceland and Germany. Whether isolated or in hamlets or villages, farms have been important elements of the social structure for thousands of years. Farms were workplace and home for their inhabitants, women, men and children, and perhaps extended families - frequently sharing their space with domestic animals. Sometimes important events such as feasts, religious services and funerals also took place here. The household thus became a multi-faceted arena, which brought together a variety of community members that both shaped - and were shaped by - its social dynamics. At times work and other activities defined by the social arena that was the farm even affected long-term developments of society as such.
With contributions by: Birgitta Berglund, Timo Bremer, Timothy Carlisle, Liv Helga Dommasnes, Doris Gutsmiedl-Schümann, Alf Tore Hommedal, Karen Milek, Emma Nordström, Kristin Armstrong Oma, Helge Sørheim and Inger Storli.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Gutsmiedl-Schümann, Doris

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Book Cover;1
1.1;Imprint;4
1.2;Preface;5
1.3;Contents;7
2;Introduction: The farm as a social arena (Liv Helga Dommasnes);9
2.1;What is a farm?;10
2.2;Former research on the farm in Norway;11
2.3;Recent developments;13
2.4;The farm as a social arena;14
2.5;Papers and approaches;15
2.6;Why the farm?;19
2.7;Bibliography;20
3;Sheep, dog and man. Multi-species becomings leading to new ways of living in Early Bronze Age longhouses on Jæren, Norway (Kristin Armstrong Oma);23
3.1;Abstract;23
3.2;Zusammenfassung;23
3.3;Changed way of living, changed way of building;24
3.4;Three-aisled longhouses – the research discourse of indoor stalling;25
3.5;Bronze Age house typology in relation to Rogaland houses;26
3.6;Finding a house shared by humans and animals;30
3.7;Did animals live in the Early Bronze Age houses of Rogaland?;31
3.8;Historical accounts of keeping sheep in Western Norway;34
3.9;Situating the Bronze Age farm in the wider environment;35
3.10;Faunal remains from Forsandmoen and Kvåle;36
3.11;Sheep in Bronze Age Europe – general trends;37
3.12;Wool textiles in graves;39
3.13;Primacy of sheep in Rogaland;40
3.14;Sheep and their social strategies;41
3.15;The domination discourse unbound;42
3.16;Trust, socialisation and habituation embedded in the architecture;43
3.17;Bibliography;46
4;Unlocking identities. Keys and locks from Iron Age farms in eastern Sweden (Emma Nordström);53
4.1;Abstract;53
4.2;Zusammenfassung;53
4.3;Introduction;54
4.4;Material, method and outline of the study;55
4.5;Vallhagar;57
4.6;Granby-Hyppinge;63
4.7;Locked doors and chests in the Icelandic Sagas;67
4.8;The keys to the farm;70
4.9;Unlocking identities;72
4.10;Acknowledgements;73
5;Understandings – burial practice, identity and social ties. The Horvnes Iron Age burials, a peephole into the farming society of Helgeland, North-Norway (Birgitta Berglund);77
5.1;Abstract;77
5.2;Zusammenfassung;77
5.3;The puzzling Horvnes burials;78
5.4;The Horvnes burials and the farming society;79
5.5;The magnate farm Sandnes;80
5.6;The Horvnes graves: Burial practices, analyses and presentations of the buried individuals;83
5.7;The Horvnes East grave: burial practices, analyses and presentations of the buried individuals;91
5.8;Towards a new understanding of the Horvnes burials;96
5.9;New perspectives of the Iron Age farming society and burial customs at the coast of Helgeland;101
5.10;Acknowledgements;102
5.11;Bibliography;102
6;Individual lifeworlds and social structured societies in Merovingian settlements from the Munich Gravel Plain (Doris Gutsmiedl-Schümann);105
6.1;Abstract;105
6.2;Zusammenfassung;105
6.3;Introduction;105
6.4;Farms and settlements;108
6.5;The main source for social structure of early medieval society: Graves;116
6.6;Contemporary written sources;119
6.7;Conclusion and closing remarks;120
6.8;Bibliograhpy;121
7;One thousand years of tradition and change on two West-Norwegian farms AD 200–1200 (Liv Helga Dommasnes and Alf Tore Hommedal);127
7.1;Abstract;127
7.2;Zusammenfassung;127
7.3;Introduction;127
7.4;The monuments;134
7.5;Becoming European;144
7.6;Tradition, change and bases of power;152
7.7;Some conclusions;161
7.8;Bibliography;163
8;A shattered farm: Changes in making space from pagan to Christian Norway (Kristin Armstrong Oma);171
8.1;Abstract;171
8.2;Zusammenfassung;171
8.3;From pagan to Christian farms;172
8.4;From space to place;172
8.5;Animals and their changing ontological status;179
8.6;Posthumanism – or prehumanism? Animals in the pagan Norse universe;181
8.7;From pagan to Christian – changes in ontological status;183
8.8;Animals in the early Christian theology;183
8.9;Changes in the nature of being?;184
8.10;Bibliography;187
9;House, farmyard and landscape as social arena in a time of transition (Helge Sørheim);191
9.1;Abstract;191
9.2;Zusammenfassung;191
9.3;Research focus and approaches;192
9.4;What creates the social character?;192
9.5;Iron Age and Medieval houses and farm in Norway, a short review;193
9.6;Tradition, conservatism? – why was the corner-timbering technique not used earlier?;196
9.7;Routines, rituals, habitus;198
9.8;Territories, space, home and building tradition;199
9.9;Borders, roles;200
9.10;The house and social levels;202
9.11;Interior of the house;204
9.12;The new farm plan;207
9.13;The towns;209
9.14;Conclusion;210
10;Between chiefdom and kingdom. A case study of the Iron Age farm Borg in Lofoten, Arctic Norway (Inger Storli);219
10.1;Abstract;219
10.2;Zusammenfassung;219
10.3;Introduction: Borg farm and its people;219
10.4;Some comments on archaeology and archaeologists;221
10.5;The archaeology of Borg;223
10.6;Borg I;224
10.7;Rich farms and their location;227
10.8;Court sites in Lofoten;230
10.9;The hall and its meaning;232
10.10;A possible high seat;234
10.11;On the scent of a line of princes?;236
10.12;From Borg to Iceland?;238
10.13;Borg between chiefdom and kingdom;239
10.14;Bibliography;240
11;Constructing society in Viking Age Iceland: Rituals and power (Timothy Carlisle and Karen Milek);245
11.1;Abstract;245
11.2;Zusammenfassung;245
11.3;Introduction;246
11.4;The role of ritual performance in Viking Age belief systems;248
11.5;Possible structured house deposits at Aðalstræti 16, Reyjkjavík;252
11.6;Possible structured house deposits at Hofstaðir, Mývatnssveit;256
11.7;Possible structured house deposit at Vatnsfjörður, Westfjords;259
11.8;Structured house deposits in a social perspective;262
11.9;Conclusions: Structured house deposits, domestic space, and society;265
11.10;Bibliography;266
12;The social structures of High Medieval rural settlements. An example from the Northern Rhineland, Germany (Timo Bremer);273
12.1;Abstract;273
12.2;Zusammenfassung;274
12.3;Introduction;275
12.4;The rural space of the northern Rhineland in the High Middle Ages;277
12.5;Archaeological excavations in Pier, its backcountry and the environment;279
12.6;The settlement formation in the research area before the High Middle Ages;280
12.7;High Medieval settlement structures in Pier;283
12.8;Sociological interpretation of the High Medieval features;289
12.9;Conclusions;292
12.10;Bibliography;293
13;“Being a vicar at the end of the world”. The priesthood at Alstahaug vicarage in North-Norway presents its identity through the household and daily life before AD 1750 (Birgitta Berglund);297
13.1;Abstract;297
13.2;Zusammenfassung;297
13.3;The approach;298
13.4;Archaeological excavations and written sources;301
13.5;How did the priesthood present itself through the delights of the table?;304
13.6;Cooking pots and pans;308
13.7;How did the priesthood present itself through personal items?;314
13.8;How did the priesthood present itself through the buildings?;316
13.9;Concluding remarks and perspectives – presenting, producing and maintaining identity;318
13.10;Epilogue;320
13.11;Bibliography;320
14;Authors and editors;323