GRIMES / VARGHESE / RANJAN Light, Water, Hydrogen

The Solar Generation of Hydrogen by Water Photoelectrolysis
1. Auflage 2007
ISBN: 978-0-387-68238-9
Verlag: Springer US
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 546 Seiten

This book covers the field of solar production of hydrogen by water photo-splitting (photoelectrolysis) using semiconductor photoanodes. The emphasis of the discussion is on the use of nanotechnology in the field. The theories behind photocatalysis and photoelectrochemical processes responsible for hydrogen production are given in detail. This provides a state-of-the-art review of the semiconductor materials and methods used for improving the efficiency of the processes. The book also gives an account of the techniques used for making the nanostructures.

Craig A. Grimes received B.S. degrees in Electrical Engineering and Physics from the Pennsylvania State University in 1984, and the Ph.D. degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the University of Texas at Austin in 1990.  In 1990 he joined the Lockheed Palo Alto Research Laboratory where he worked on artificial dielectric structures.  From 1994 to 2001 Dr. Grimes was a member of the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at the University of Kentucky, where he was the Frank J. Derbyshire Professor.  He is currently a Professor at the Pennsylvania State University, University Park.  His research interests include solar generation of hydrogen by water photoelectrolysis, remote query chemical and environmental sensors, nano-dimensional metal-oxide thin film architectures, and propagation and control of electromagnetic energy.  He has contributed over 150 archival journal publications, eight book chapters, and over fifteen patents.  He is Editor-in-Chief of Sensor Letters, co-author of the book The Electromagnetic Origin of Quantum Theory and Light published by World Scientific (2nd Edition, 2005), and Editor of The Encyclopedia of Sensors to be published by American Scientific Publishing in 2005.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Grimes, Craig

Varghese, Oomman

Ranjan, Sudhir

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Foreword;5
2;Preface;12
2.1;Acknowledgment;14
3;Contents;15
4;Chapter 1 FROM HYDROCARBONS TO HYDROGEN: TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE;21
4.1;1.1 Introduction;21
4.2;1.2 Hydrogen: A Historical Perspective;27
4.3;1.3 Renewable Energy and Hydrogen;30
4.4;1.4 The Energy Carriers: Hydrogen or Electricity?;32
4.5;1.5 Hydrogen as a Chemical Fuel;35
4.6;1.6 The Hydrogen Economy;37
4.7;1.7 Hydrogen Production [20];38
4.8;1.8 Hydrogen and Transportation;44
4.9;1.9 Environmental Effects of Hydrogen;48
4.10;1.10 Hydrogen Storage;48
4.11;1.11 Hydrogen Safety;49
4.12;References;50
5;Chapter 2 HYDROGEN GENERATION BY WATER SPLITTING;54
5.1;2.1 Introduction;54
5.2;2.2 Hydrogen Production By Water Electrolysis;54
5.3;2.3 Hydrogen Production by Thermochemical Water- Splitting;71
5.4;2.4 Hydrogen Production By Water Biophotolysis;86
5.5;2.5 Other Techniques for H2 production via Water Splitting;103
5.6;References;112
6;Chapter 3 PHOTOELECTROLYSIS;133
6.1;3.1 General Description of Photoelectrolysis;133
6.2;3.3 Types of Photoelectrochemical Devices;141
6.3;3.4 Photoelectrolysis Principles;143
6.4;3.5 Photoelectrochemical Cell Band Model;170
6.5;3.6 Efficiency of Water Splitting in a Photoelectrochemical Cell;175
6.6;References;197
7;Chapter 4 OXIDE SEMICONDUCTING MATERIALS AS PHOTOANODES;209
7.1;4.1 Introduction;209
7.2;4.2 Photoanode Reaction Mechanisms;210
7.3;4.3 General Description of Oxide Semiconductor Photoanodes;214
7.4;4.4 Single Crystal Materials as Photoanodes;217
7.5;4.5 Polycrystalline Photoanode Materials;224
7.6;4.6 Thin Film Photoanode Materials;227
7.7;4.7 Nanocrystalline and Nanoporous Thin Film Materials as Photoanodes;237
7.8;4.8 Quantum-size Effects in Nanocrystalline Semiconductors;249
7.9;References;260
8;Chapter 5 OXIDE SEMICONDUCTORS: NANO- CRYSTALLINE, TUBULAR AND POROUS SYSTEMS;274
8.1;5.1 Introduction;274
8.2;5.2 Synthesis of Nanotubular Oxide Semiconductors;276
8.3;5.3 Fabrication of Titania Nanotube Arrays by Anodization;285
8.4;5.4 Doped Titania Nanotube Arrays;314
8.5;5.5 Material Properties;319
8.6;5.6 Optical Properties of Titania Nanotubes Arrays;328
8.7;5.7 Photoelectrochemical and Water Photolysis Properties;340
8.8;5.8 Ti-Fe-O Nanotube Array Films for Solar Spectrum Water Photoelectrolysis;355
8.9;References;370
9;Chapter 6 OXIDE SEMICONDUCTORS: SUSPENDED NANOPARTICLE SYSTEMS;387
9.1;6.1 Introduction;387
9.2;6.2 Nanoparticle-Based Photocatalytic Water Splitting;390
9.3;6.3 Nanoparticle Synthesis Techniques;392
9.4;6.4 Synthesis of Complex Oxide Semiconductors;401
9.5;6.5 Design of Oxide Semiconductors;403
9.6;6.6 Conclusions and Future Prospects;426
9.7;References;427
10;Chapter 7 NON- OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR NANOSTRUCTURES;443
10.1;7.1 General Description of Non-Oxide Semiconductors;443
10.2;7.2 General Synthesis Techniques of Non-Oxide Semiconductors;449
10.3;7.3 Non-Oxide Photoelectrode Systems and Water Photoelectrolysis;457
10.4;7.4 Non-oxide Suspended Particle Systems and Direct Water Splitting;471
10.5;7.5 Concluding Remarks;481
10.6;References;481
11;Chapter 8 PHOTOVOLTAIC - ELECTROLYSIS CELLS;500
11.1;8.1 Introduction;500
11.2;8.2 General Description of Solar Cell Technology;501
11.3;8.3 PV-Electrolysis Systems for Hydrogen Production [ 1- 34,41,43,87- 92];514
11.4;8.4 Multi-junction PV Tandem Cells for Hydrogen Production [ 35- 39,44,45,93- 101];516
11.5;References;522
12;Index;532