Tropical Rain Forest: A Wider Perspective

Softcover Nachdruck of the original 1. Auflage 1998
ISBN: 978-0-412-81520-1
Verlag: Springer Netherlands

Buch, Englisch, Band 10, 416 Seiten, Paperback, Format (B × H): 155 mm x 235 mm, Gewicht: 1350 g

Reihe: Conservation Biology

The international perspective for this book is the unprecedented level of concern over deforestation, recognized by the meeting of world leaders at the 1992 Earth Summit, in Rio do Janeiro, and culminating in the appoint­ ment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Forests (IPF), under the auspices of the UN Commission on Sustainable Development. The wide range of issues covered by the authors in this volume reflects the breadth of the interna­ tional debate, from national policies and activist campaigning, through eco­ nomic and social objectives, to the sustainable management of forest and soil resources. Since the conservation campaigns of the 1980s, the focus of international concern has widened from tropical rain forests to all forest formations, in all regions, with increased recognition of global values and common responsibil­ ities. However, while forest cover in some temperate countries is increasing, irrational deforestation, at historically unprecedented levels of damage to biodiversity and to other environmental values, remains most acute in tropi­ cal countries, where the need to use the natural resources for sustainable development is greatest, and the capability weakest. While accepting the urgency of the situation, and the need for greater coherence of action at a global level, the 1997 report of the IPF to the UN Commission emphasized the powers and responsibilities of national governments, and the importance of National Forest Programmes, but with the fuller participation of local communities, and with enhanced access to international assistance.

Zielgruppe

Research

Autoren/Hrsg.

Goldsmith, F. B.

Fachgebiete

• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Biowissenschaften Terrestrische Ökologie
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Biowissenschaften Naturschutzbiologie, Biodiversität
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Biowissenschaften Meeres- und Süßwasserökologie
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Botanik Pflanzenphysiologie, Photosynthese
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Biowissenschaften Ökologie
• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Umweltschutz, Umwelterhaltung

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1 Tropical rain forests - what are they really like?.- 1.1 Where are rain forests?.- 1.2 How fast is rain forest disappearing?.- 1.3 Definitions.- 1.4 Boundaries.- 1.5 So what are they really like?.- 1.6 Why so much diversity?.- 1.7 How serious is fragmentation?.- 1.8 Quantitative studies in rain forest.- 1.9 Case study: Tiwai Island.- 1.10 Sketch from the Amazon.- 1.11 Other regional studies.- 1.12 Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 2 Indigenous non-timber benefits from tropical rain forest.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Indigenous use of the forest.- 2.3 Indigenous management of plant resources.- 2.4 Extractive reserves.- 2.5 Sustainability.- 2.6 The Convention on Biological Diversity.- 2.7 Oligarchic forests.- 2.8 Timber and non-timber forest products.- 2.9 Conclusions.- References.- 3 Degeneration versus regeneration — logging in tropical rain forests.- 3.1 Regeneration of tropical rain forests.- 3.2 Silvicultural systems.- 3.3 The effects of logging on forest structure and composition.- 3.4 The hydrological cycle in tropical rain forests.- 3.5 The effects of logging on forest hydrology and erosion.- 3.6 Impact on animal populations.- 3.7 Conclusions.- References.- 4 Forests people and conservation initiatives: the cultural context of rain forest conservation in West Africa.- 4.1 Who are the indigenes?.- 4.2 First the forest: villages and the socialization of space.- 4.3 Forest destruction: who are the villains?.- 4.4 Myths revisited: environmental management plans and local realities.- 4.5 Not all doom and gloom — engagement of conservation with local aspirations.- 4.6 The UCL/ODA community forest management project.- 4.7 Conclusion: forest futures, forest cultures.- Acknowledgement.- References.- 5 Forest and Environmental degradation.- 5.1 Forestdegradation.- 5.2 Biophysical implications of forest degradation.- 5.3 Strategies for forest conservation.- References.- 6 Soil and vegetation effects of tropical deforestation.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Effects of different deforestation practices on soil and vegetation.- 6.3 Deforestation effects on microclimate.- 6.4 Deforestation effects on soil physical properties.- 6.5 Deforestation effects on soil erosion.- 6.6 Deforestation effects on soil chemical properties.- 6.7 Changes in soil conditions with time after deforestation.- 6.8 Deforestation effects on soil biology.- 6.9 Deforestation effects on vegetation.- 6.10 Conclusions.- References.- 7 Causes of tropical deforestation and institutional constraints to conservation.- 7.1 Deforestation rates.- 7.2 Causes of deforestation.- 7.3 Institutional constraints.- 7.4 Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 8 The economics of the tropical timber trade and sustainable forest management.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 Trends in forest products trade and deforestation.- 8.3 Market access and trade barriers.- 8.4 Certification and labelling.- 8.5 The costs of implementing sustainable forest management.- 8.6 Financing sustainable forest management.- 8.7 Summary and conclusions.- References.- 9 Can non-market values save the tropical forests?.- 9.1 Introduction: the forest crisis.- 9.2 What do we know about non-market values?.- 9.3 Will non-timber values save the forests?.- Acknowledgement.- References.- 10 The role of policy and institutions.- 10.1 Why policy matters: dealing with multiple interests and change.- 10.2 Policy influences on forests.- 10.3 Policy challenges for sustainability — national and international.- 10.4 Institutions and stakeholders.- 10.5 Emerging lessons on ‘policy that works’.- 10.6 Signs ofchange.- References.- 11 Modelling tropical land use change and deforestation.- 11.1 Introduction.- 11.2 Background.- 11.3 A theoretical model of the causes of deforestation.- 11.4 Regression models of the causes of deforestation.- 11.5 Theoretical models of trends in forest cover.- 11.6 Modelling trends in forest cover.- 11.7 Modelling long-term spatial deforestation trends.- 11.8 Conclusions.- References.- 12 Communicating the message: a case study from the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.- 12.1 Introduction.- 12.2 What is the message and why should we bother?.- 12.3 Types of audience.- 12.4 Resources available.- 12.5 Is the message getting across?.- 12.6 Conclusions.- References.- 13 Effective campaigning.- 13.1 The campaigners.- 13.2 The campaign — origins and impacts.- 13.3 The timber trade — importing deforestation.- 13.4 The private sector in the rain forests.- 13.5 Aid, development, the international financial institutions and the rain forests.- 13.6 International agreements.- 13.7 Rain forests — campaign priorities for the future.- 13.8 Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 14 Synthesis.- 14.1 Production.- 14.2 Protection.- 14.3 Conservation.- 14.4 Services for people.- 14.5 Policies and institutions.- 14.6 Knowledge base.- References.- List of acronyms.